Rheumatic fever: ndi chiyani, zizindikiro zazikulu ndi chithandizo

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Momwe matendawa amapangidwira
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira
• Kupewa enaake ophwanya malungo

Rheumatic fever ndimatenda omwe amadziwika ndi kutukusira kwamatenda osiyanasiyana mthupi, zomwe zimabweretsa kupweteka kwamalumikizidwe, mawonekedwe amphako pakhungu, mavuto amtima, kufooka kwa minofu ndi kuyenda kosafunikira.

Rheumatic fever nthawi zambiri imachitika pambuyo poti matenda ndi kutupa pakhosi sikuchiritsidwa bwino komanso chifukwa cha bakiteriya Streptococcus pyogenes. Matendawa ndi bakiteriyawa amapezeka kwambiri mwa ana ndi achinyamata mpaka zaka 15, koma zimatha kuchitika kwa anthu azaka zilizonse.

Chifukwa chake, pakakhala zizindikilo za pharyngitis ndi zilonda zapakhosi, tikulimbikitsidwa kukaonana ndi adotolo kuti chithandizo choyenera chitha kuyambika kuti tipewe zovuta za matenda mwa Streptococcus pyogenes.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Matenda a bakiteriya Streptococcus pyogenes Sichiritsidwa moyenera pogwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki, malinga ndi zomwe adokotala achita kapena dokotala wamba, ma antibodies omwe amapangidwa mu kutupa amatha kulimbana ndi ziwalo zingapo za thupi, monga mafupa, mtima, khungu ndi ubongo.

Chifukwa chake, kuwonjezera pa malungo, omwe amatha kufikira 39ºC, zizindikiro zazikulu za rheumatic fever ndi izi:

• Zizindikiro zolumikizana: kupweteka ndi kutupa kwa mafupa, monga mawondo, zigongono, akakolo ndi maloko, omwe ali ndi njira yosunthira, ndiye kuti, kutupa uku kumatha kusinthana kuchokera kulumikizano lina kupita kwina, ndipo kumatha miyezi itatu;
• Zizindikiro za mtima: kupuma movutikira, kutopa, kupweteka pachifuwa, chifuwa, kutupa m'miyendo ndi kung'ung'uza mtima kumatha chifukwa cha kutukusira kwa mavavu ndi minofu yamtima;
• Zizindikiro zamitsempha: kusuntha kwadzidzidzi kwa thupi, monga kukweza mikono kapena miyendo mosadziwa, mawonetseredwe amitsempha awa amadziwika kuti chorea. Pakhoza kukhalanso kusinthasintha kosasintha kwa malingaliro, mawu osalankhula ndi kufooka kwa minofu;
• Zizindikiro za khungu: mitsempha pansi pa khungu kapena mawanga ofiira.

Zizindikiro za rheumatic fever nthawi zambiri zimawoneka pakati pa masabata awiri mpaka miyezi 6 mutadwala ndi mabakiteriya, ndipo amatha miyezi ingapo, kutengera chithandizo choyenera komanso chitetezo cha munthu aliyense. Komabe, ngati kuvulala komwe kumachitika pamtima ndikowopsa, munthuyo amatha kusiyidwa ndi sequelae pakugwira mtima. Kuphatikiza apo, momwe zizindikirazo zimatha kuphulika, nthawi iliyonse zotsatira zamtima zimawoneka kuti zimaipiraipira, ndikuyika moyo wa munthu pachiwopsezo.

Momwe matendawa amapangidwira

Matenda a rheumatic fever amapangidwa ndi dokotala, rheumatologist kapena dokotala wa ana kutengera kupezeka kwa zizindikilo zazikulu ndikuwunika kwa wodwalayo komanso zotsatira za mayeso ena amwazi omwe amawonetsa kutupa, monga ESR ndi CRP.

Kuphatikiza apo, kupezeka kwa antibody motsutsana ndi bakiteriya wa rheumatic fever kumafufuzidwa, komwe kumawunikidwa ndi mayeso a katulutsidwe kochokera pakhosi ndi magazi, monga mayeso a ASLO, omwe ndi mayeso ofunikira kutsimikizira matendawa ndi bakiteriya ndikutsimikizira matenda. Mvetsetsani momwe mayeso a ASLO amachitikira.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Rheumatic fever imachiritsidwa, ndipo amachiza pogwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki, monga Benzetacil, woperekedwa ndi dokotala wa ana, rheumatologist kapena dokotala wamba. Zizindikiro zakutupa m'mfundo ndi mtima zimatha kuchepetsedwa ndikapuma ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, monga ibuprofen ndi prednisone, mwachitsanzo.

Kutengera kukula kwa rheumatic fever, adokotala atha kuwonetsa kuti jakisoni wa mu mnofu wa Benzetacil amachitika ndi masiku 21, omwe amatha zaka 25 munthuyo kutengera kukula kwa kuwonongeka kwa mtima.

Kupewa enaake ophwanya malungo

Kupewera kwa rheumatic fever ndikofunikira kwambiri popewa kukula kwa matendawa ndi sequelae yake, chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti ngati matenda a pharyngitis kapena tonsillitis a Streptococcus pyogenes, mankhwala a maantibayotiki akuyenera kuchitidwa malinga ndi malingaliro a dokotala, pokhala Chofunika ndichitireni chithandizo chonse, ngakhale palibenso zizindikiro zina.

Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto limodzi la rheumatic fever, ndikofunikira kutsatira chithandizo ndi jakisoni wa Benzetacil popewa kuphulika kuti kusachitike ndipo pamakhala chiopsezo chachikulu chazovuta.