Kuchuluka kwa calcium (Hypercalcemia): Zoyambitsa, Zizindikiro ndi Chithandizo

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zotheka
• Zomwe zimayambitsa hypercalcemia
• Momwe mungatsimikizire matendawa
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Hypercalcemia imafanana ndi kuchuluka kwa calcium m'magazi, momwe kuchuluka kwa mcherewu kuposa 10.5 mg / dL kumatsimikiziridwa pakuyesa magazi, komwe kumatha kuwonetsa kusintha kwamatenda a parathyroid, zotupa, matenda a endocrine kapena chifukwa chammbali Zotsatira za mankhwala ena.

Kusintha kumeneku sikungayambitse zizindikilo, kapena kumangoyambitsa zizindikilo zochepa, monga kusowa kwa njala ndi mseru. Komabe, calcium ikakwera kwambiri, kukhala pamwamba pa 12 mg / dl, imatha kuyambitsa zizindikilo monga kudzimbidwa, kuchuluka kwamkodzo, kugona, kutopa, kupweteka mutu, arrhythmias komanso coma.

Kuchiza kwa hypercalcemia kumasiyana malinga ndi chifukwa chake, kuwonedwa ngati kwadzidzidzi ngati kuyambitsa zizindikilo kapena kufikira mtengo wa 13 mg / dl. Monga njira yochepetsera kuchuluka kwa calcium, adotolo atha kugwiritsa ntchito seramu mumitsempha ndi zithandizo monga ma diuretics, calcitonin kapena bisphosphonates, mwachitsanzo.

Zizindikiro zotheka

Ngakhale calcium ndi mchere wofunikira kwambiri pa thanzi la mafupa komanso chifukwa chofunikira mthupi, ikakhala yochulukirapo imatha kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito amthupi, ndikupangitsa zizindikilo monga:

• Mutu ndi kutopa kwambiri;
• Kumva ludzu nthawi zonse;
• Pafupipafupi kukodza;
• Nseru ndi kusanza;
• Kuchepetsa chilakolako;
• Kusintha kwa ntchito ya impso ndi chiopsezo cha kupanga miyala;
• Kukokana pafupipafupi kapena kupweteka kwa minofu;
• Makhalidwe amtima.

Kuphatikiza apo, anthu omwe ali ndi hypercalcemia amathanso kukhala ndi zizindikilo zokhudzana ndi kusintha kwamitsempha monga kukumbukira kukumbukira, kukhumudwa, kukwiya kosavuta kapena kusokonezeka, mwachitsanzo.

Zomwe zimayambitsa hypercalcemia

Zomwe zimayambitsa calcium yochulukirapo m'thupi ndi hyperparathyroidism, momwe tiziwalo tating'onoting'ono ta parathyroid, tomwe timakhala kuseli kwa chithokomiro, timatulutsa timadzi tambiri tomwe timayang'anira kuchuluka kwa calcium m'magazi. Komabe, hypercalcemia ikhozanso kuchitika chifukwa cha zochitika zina, monga:

• Aakulu aimpso kulephera;
• Kuchuluka kwa vitamini D, makamaka chifukwa cha matenda monga sarcoidosis, chifuwa chachikulu, coccidioidomycosis kapena kumwa kwambiri;
• Zotsatira zoyipa pakugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena monga lithiamu, mwachitsanzo;
• Chotupa m'mafupa, impso kapena matumbo msinkhu wopita patsogolo;
• Kutupa kuzilumba zam'mimba;
• Angapo myeloma;
• Matenda a mkaka, amayamba chifukwa chodya calcium kambiri komanso kugwiritsa ntchito maantacid;
• Matenda a Paget;
• Hyperthyroidism;
• Angapo myeloma;
• Matenda a Endocrinological monga thyrotoxicosis, pheochromocytoma ndi matenda a Addison.

Matenda oopsa a hypercalcemia amayamba chifukwa cha kutulutsa kwa mahomoni ofanana ndi mahomoni otchedwa parathyroid omwe amapezeka ndimaselo a chotupa, omwe amachititsa kuti zikhale zovuta komanso zovuta kuchiza hypercalcemia. Mtundu wina wa hypercalcemia mu matenda a khansa umachitika chifukwa cha zotupa zamfupa zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi mafupa am'mafupa.

Momwe mungatsimikizire matendawa

Matenda a hypercalcemia amatha kutsimikiziridwa kudzera pakuyesa magazi, komwe kumafufuza kuchuluka kwa calcium pamwamba pa 10.5mg / dl kapena calcium ionic pamwambapa 5.3mg / dl, kutengera labotale yomwe idachitidwa.

Atatsimikizira kusinthaku, adotolo ayenera kuyitanitsa mayeso kuti adziwe chomwe chikuyambitsa, chomwe chimaphatikizapo kuyeza kwa mahomoni a PTH opangidwa ndi zotupa za parathyroid, kuyerekezera kwamalingaliro monga tomography kapena MRI kuti afufuze za khansa, kuphatikiza kuyesa kuchuluka kwa vitamini D. , ntchito ya impso kapena kupezeka kwa matenda ena a endocrinological.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Chithandizo cha hypercalcemia nthawi zambiri chimafotokozedwa ndi endocrinologist, yomwe imachitika makamaka molingana ndi zomwe zimayambitsa, zomwe zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kusinthana kwa mankhwala ena omwe alibe hypercalcemia ngati zoyipa kapena opaleshoni yochotsa zotupa zomwe zingathe akuyambitsa calcium yochulukirapo, ngati ndi chifukwa chake.

Chithandizo sichichitidwa mwachangu, kupatula ngati zizindikiro zimayambitsidwa kapena milingo ya calcium yamagazi ikafika 13.5 mg / dl, yomwe imayimira chiopsezo chachikulu chathanzi.

Chifukwa chake, adokotala atha kupereka hydration m'mitsempha, ma diuretics, monga Furosemide, calcitonin kapena bisphosphonates, kuti ayese kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa calcium ndikupewa kusintha kwa kugunda kwa mtima kapena kuwonongeka kwamanjenje.

Kuchita opaleshoni yochiritsa hypercalcemia kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati vuto limakhala kusowa kwa chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa matendawa, ndipo tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tichotse.