Zizindikiro zazikulu za matenda oopsa am'mapapo mwanga, zomwe zimayambitsa komanso momwe mungachiritsire

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Kuzindikira kwa matenda oopsa a m'mapapo mwanga
• Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda oopsa am'mapapo mwanga
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira
• Matenda oopsa a mwana wakhanda

Kuthamanga kwa m'mapapo ndi vuto lomwe limakhalapo pakukakamira kwakukulu m'mitsempha yam'mapapo, yomwe imabweretsa kuwonekera kwa kupuma monga kupuma movutikira, makamaka, kuphatikiza pakupuma, kufooka ndi chizungulire, mwachitsanzo.

Nthawi zambiri, chomwe chimayambitsa matenda am'mapapo sichidziwika, komabe mwina chimakhala chokhudzana ndi matenda am'mapapo, mtima, matenda otupa kapena mwina chifukwa cha kukana kwa ziwiya m'mapapu. Nthawi zonse, ndikofunikira kuti kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mitsempha kumadziwika ndikuchiritsidwa ndi pulmonologist kapena dokotala wamba pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe amagwira ntchito potsekula mitsempha yamagazi.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Zizindikiro za matenda oopsa am'mapapo mwazi zimangowonekera makamaka munthawi yayitali kwambiri yamatendawa, chisonyezo chachikulu ndikumapuma movutikira. Zizindikiro zina zomwe zitha kuwonetsa matenda oopsa m'mapapo ndi:

• Kukomoka panthawi yoyeserera;
• Kutopa;
• Chizungulire;
• Kupweteka pachifuwa;
• Kupuma kovuta;
• Kufooka, popeza mpweya umakhala wocheperako.

Kupuma pang'ono kumachitika, koyambirira, pakuyesayesa, koma matendawa akamakulirakulirabe ndipo amakula kwambiri, zimatha kuchitika ngakhale atapuma. Kuphatikiza apo, kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mapapo kumayenderana kwambiri ndikusintha kwamtima, zizindikilo zokhudzana ndi mtima zitha kuwonekeranso, monga kutupa m'miyendo ndi kupindika.

Malinga ndi zomwe munthuyo akuwonetsa, matenda oopsa am'magazi amatha kugawa m'magulu:

• Kalasi I: Kukhalapo kwa matenda oopsa am'mapapo m'mayeso, koma sizimayambitsa zizindikiro;
• Kalasi yachiwiri: Kupuma pang'ono panthawi yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kuchepetsa kuyesetsa kwakuthupi;
• Kalasi yachitatu: Kuchepetsa kwakuthupi, kupuma pang'ono komwe kumachira ndikupumula;
• Kalasi IV: Kupuma pang'ono ndi kutopa ngakhale kupumula, movutikira khama lililonse.

Kuzindikira kwa matenda oopsa a m'mapapo mwanga

Kupezeka kwa matenda am'mapapo mwazi koyambirira kwamatenda kumakhala kovuta, popeza kusintha komwe kukuwonedwako kumatha kukhalanso koyerekeza matenda ena. Chifukwa chake, kuwunika kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mapapo kumayenera kupangidwa pofufuza mbiri yazachipatala, kuwunika thupi ndikuchita mayeso osiyanasiyana, monga chifuwa cha X-ray, electrocardiogram, test pulmonary function test and tomography.

Kuti atsimikizire zotsatirazi, dotolo atha kupemphanso catheterization, yomwe idzayeza molondola kukakamira mkati mwa mtsempha wama pulmonary.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda oopsa am'mapapo mwanga

Aliyense akhoza kukhala ndi matenda oopsa am'mapapo, koma ndizofala kwambiri kwa azimayi opitilira 30. Ngakhale sizikumveka bwino, kusintha kwamapapu kumayenderana ndi kuchuluka kwa kutupa, fibrosis komanso kuchepa kwa mitsempha. Chifukwa chake, zoyambitsa zazikulu ndi izi:

• Choyambirira: Zimachitika chifukwa chosintha mapangidwe azombo zam'mapapo, pazifukwa zosadziwika, chifukwa, amatchedwa idiopathic, komanso, chifukwa cha cholowa, ndi matenda, monga matenda a chithokomiro, scleroderma, lupus, kachirombo ka HIV ndi matenda mwazi, mwachitsanzo.
• Sekondale: amayamba chifukwa cha kusintha kwa mtima, monga mtima kulephera, ndi matenda am'mapapo, monga emphysema, matenda obanika kutulo, pulmonary thrombosis kapena sarcoidosis, mwachitsanzo.

Zonsezi zimapangitsa kuti magazi aziyenda bwino m'mapapu, omwe amatha kupweteketsa mtima ndikuwonjezera matendawa, ndikuwonjezera mavuto.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Chithandizo cha matenda oopsa am'mapapo mwake ndicholinga chothana ndi vutoli, ndipo chifukwa chake amalimbikitsidwa ndi dokotala kuti azigwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kuti azizungulira bwino komanso kuti achepetse kuthamanga kwa m'mapapo, monga anticoagulants, vasodilators, antihypertensives, diuretics ndi oxygen mask therapy. Komabe, zikavuta kwambiri, kusintha mtima kapena mapapo ndi njira yokhayo.

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kutsogozedwa ndi physiotherapist, kungathandizenso kuchira ndi kusintha kwa zizindikilo.

Matenda oopsa a mwana wakhanda

Vutoli limayamba pakasintha magazi m'mapapu ndi mumtima mwa mwana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti thupi likhale ndi mpweya wabwino, komanso zizindikilo monga kupuma movutikira, milomo yabuluu ndi zala ndi kutupa m'kapu. Matenda oopsa a m'mapapo a mwana nthawi zambiri amachitika chifukwa cha asphyxia mkati mwa chiberekero kapena pobereka, chibayo, hypothermia, hypoglycemia, kapena chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito kwambiri mankhwala a amayi, monga indomethacin kapena aspirin, mwachitsanzo.

Mankhwalawa amachitika pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a oxygen, ndi chigoba kapena chofungatira, kuti mwana akhale wofunda komanso wopanda ululu, kuphatikiza pa mankhwala kapena njira zothetsera zolakwika mumtima. Pachigawo choyambirira komanso chovuta kwambiri, pangafunikenso kupuma kuti kuchitike mothandizidwa ndi zida, zomwe zimatha kuchotsedwa zikayamba kusintha.