HIV / Edzi

Zamkati

• Chidule
• HIV ndi chiyani?
• Kodi Edzi ndi chiyani?
• Kodi HIV imafalikira bwanji?
• Ndani ali pachiopsezo chotenga kachilombo ka HIV?
• Zizindikiro za HIV / AIDS ndi ziti?
• Ndingadziwe bwanji ngati ndili ndi kachilombo ka HIV?
• Kodi mankhwala a HIV / AIDS ndi ati?
• Kodi HIV / AIDS ingapewe?

Chidule

HIV ndi chiyani?

HIV imayimira kachilombo ka HIV m'thupi. Zimapweteketsa chitetezo cha mthupi mwanu powononga mtundu wama cell oyera omwe amathandiza thupi lanu kulimbana ndi matenda. Izi zimayika pachiwopsezo chotenga matenda akulu ndi khansa.

Kodi Edzi ndi chiyani?

Edzi imaimira matenda a immunodeficiency syndrome. Ndi gawo lomaliza la kutenga kachirombo ka HIV. Zimachitika pamene chitetezo cha mthupi chimawonongeka kwambiri chifukwa cha kachilomboka. Sikuti aliyense amene ali ndi HIV amadwala Edzi.

Kodi HIV imafalikira bwanji?

HIV imafalikira m'njira zosiyanasiyana:

• Pogonana mosadziteteza ndi munthu yemwe ali ndi HIV. Iyi ndi njira yofala kwambiri yomwe imafalikira.
• Mwa kugawana singano za mankhwala osokoneza bongo
• Mwa kukhudzana ndi magazi a munthu amene ali ndi HIV
• Kuchokera kwa mayi kupita kwa mwana panthawi yoyembekezera, pobereka, kapena poyamwitsa

Ndani ali pachiopsezo chotenga kachilombo ka HIV?

Aliyense atha kutenga kachilombo ka HIV, koma magulu ena ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chotenga kachilombo ka HIV.

• Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ena opatsirana pogonana. Kukhala ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana kungapangitse chiopsezo chanu chotenga kapena kufalitsa kachilombo ka HIV.
• Anthu omwe amalowetsa mankhwala ndi ma singano omwe agawana nawo
• • Amuna ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, makamaka iwo omwe ndi Black / African American kapena Puerto Rico / Latino American
• Anthu omwe amachita zachiwerewere zowopsa, monga kusagwiritsa ntchito kondomu

Zizindikiro za HIV / AIDS ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro zoyambilira za kachirombo ka HIV zitha kukhala ngati chimfine:

• Malungo
• Kuzizira
• Kutupa
• Kutuluka thukuta usiku
• Kupweteka kwa minofu
• Chikhure
• Kutopa
• Kutupa ma lymph node
• Zilonda za pakamwa

Zizindikirozi zimatha kupitilira milungu iwiri kapena inayi. Gawo ili limatchedwa kuti pachimake kachilombo ka HIV.

Ngati matendawa sakuchiritsidwa, amakhala kachirombo ka HIV kosatha. Nthawi zambiri, sipakhala zisonyezo panthawiyi. Ngati sanalandire chithandizo, pamapeto pake kachilomboka kadzafooketsa chitetezo cha mthupi lanu. Ndiye matendawa adzapitilira Edzi. Uku ndiye kuyamba kwa kachirombo ka HIV. Ndi AIDS, chitetezo chanu cha mthupi chawonongeka kwambiri. Mutha kutenga matenda owopsa. Izi zimatchedwa matenda operewera (OIs).

Anthu ena samadwala kumayambiriro kwa kachirombo ka HIV. Chifukwa chake njira yokhayo yodziwira ngati muli ndi kachilombo ka HIV ndi kukayezetsa.

Ndingadziwe bwanji ngati ndili ndi kachilombo ka HIV?

Kuyezetsa magazi kumatha kudziwa ngati muli ndi kachilombo ka HIV. Wothandizira zaumoyo wanu akhoza kuyesa, kapena mutha kugwiritsa ntchito chida choyesera kunyumba. Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito CDC Testing Locator kuti mupeze masamba oyesera aulere.

Kodi mankhwala a HIV / AIDS ndi ati?

Palibe njira yothetsera kachirombo ka HIV, koma itha kuchiritsidwa ndi mankhwala. Izi zimatchedwa antiretroviral therapy (ART). Ma ART atha kupangitsa kuti kachirombo ka HIV kakhale kosadwala. Zimathandizanso kuchepetsa kufalitsa kachilomboka kwa ena.

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV amakhala ndi moyo wautali komanso wathanzi ngati atha kukhala pa ART. Ndikofunikanso kudzisamalira. Kuonetsetsa kuti muli ndi chithandizo chomwe mukufuna, kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi, komanso kupeza chithandizo chamankhwala pafupipafupi kungakuthandizeni kukhala ndi moyo wabwino.

Kodi HIV / AIDS ingapewe?

Mutha kuchepetsa mwayi wofalitsa kachilombo ka

• Kuyezetsa HIV
• Kusankha zikhalidwe zomwe sizili pachiwopsezo chogonana. Izi zikuphatikiza kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa omwe mumagonana nawo komanso kugwiritsa ntchito kondomu ya latex nthawi zonse mukamagonana. Ngati mnzanu kapena mnzanu sagwirizana ndi latex, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito kondomu ya polyurethane.
• Kuyesedwa ndi kuchizidwa matenda opatsirana pogonana (STDs)
• Osabaya mankhwala osokoneza bongo
• Kulankhula ndi omwe amakuthandizani pa zaumoyo wanu kuti mupewe mankhwala:
  • PrEP (pre-exposure prophylaxis) ndi ya anthu omwe alibe kachilombo ka HIV koma ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga kachilomboka. PrEP ndi mankhwala a tsiku ndi tsiku omwe angachepetse chiopsezo ichi.
  • PEP (post-exposure prophylaxis) ndi ya anthu omwe atha kutenga kachilombo ka HIV. Ndi zochitika zadzidzidzi zokha. PEP iyenera kuyambitsidwa pakadutsa maola 72 mutapatsidwa kachilombo ka HIV.

NIH: Ma National Institutes of Health

• Kafukufuku Akuwonetsa Kusintha kwa Impso Pakati pa Anthu omwe Ali ndi HIV Ndikotetezeka