Momwe Mtima Wanu Umagwirira Ntchito

Zamkati

• Zipinda zamtima
• Mavavu amtima
• Magazi amayenda kudutsa mumtima
• Korona wamtima

Mtima wanu

Mtima wa munthu ndi chimodzi mwa ziwalo zolimbikira kwambiri m'thupi.

Pafupipafupi, imamenya pafupifupi 75 mphindi. Pamene mtima umagunda, umapereka kupanikizika kotero kuti magazi amatha kuyenda kuti apereke mpweya wabwino ndi michere yofunikira ku minofu yonse mthupi lanu kudzera mumitsempha yambiri, ndipo imabwezeretsa magazi kudzera mumitsempha.

M'malo mwake, mtima mwamphamvu umapopa pafupifupi magaloni a magazi a 2,000 tsiku lililonse.

Mtima wanu uli pansi pa sternum ndi nthiti zanu, komanso pakati pamapapu anu awiri.

Zipinda zamtima

Zipinda zinayi zamtima zimagwira ntchito ngati pampu yammbali iwiri, yokhala ndi chipinda chapamwamba chapamwamba komanso chopitilira mbali iliyonse yamtima.

Zipinda zinayi zamtima ndi izi:

• Atrium yolondola. Chipindachi chimalandira magazi owonongeka okosijeni omwe amwazungulira kale mthupi, osaphatikizapo mapapu, ndikuwaponyera mu ventricle yoyenera.
• Mpweya wabwino. Vuto lamitsempha lamanja limapopa magazi kuchokera ku atrium yolondola kupita ku mtsempha wamagazi. Mitsempha ya m'mapapo imatumiza magazi opatsidwayo kupita m'mapapu, komwe amatenga mpweya posinthana ndi kaboni dayokisaidi.
• Atrium yakumanzere. Chipindachi chimalandira magazi okosijeni kuchokera m'mitsempha yam'mapapu yam'mapapu ndikuyipopera kumanzere kumanzere.
• Vuto lamanzere. Ndi minofu yolimba kwambiri yazipinda zonse, mpweya wamanzere ndi gawo lovuta kwambiri kupopa pamtima, chifukwa limapopa magazi omwe amayenda mpaka pamtima ndi thupi lonse kupatula mapapu.

Atria awiri amtima amakhala onse pamwamba pamtima. Iwo ali ndi udindo wolandira magazi kuchokera m'mitsempha yanu.

Ma ventricle awiri amtima ali pansi pamtima.Ali ndi udindo wopopera magazi m'mitsempha yanu.

Matenda anu a atria ndi ma ventricles amapangitsa mtima wanu kugunda ndikupopa magazi kudzera mchipinda chilichonse. Zipinda zamtima wanu zimadzaza magazi musanagunde aliyense, ndipo chidutswacho chimakankhira magaziwo mchipinda china. Zomwe zimayambitsa zimayambitsidwa ndimitengo yamagetsi yomwe imayamba kuchokera kumtundu wa sinus, womwe umadziwikanso kuti sinoatrial node (SA node), yomwe ili mkati mwa atrium yanu yakumanja.

Mitengoyi imadutsa mumtima mwanu kupita ku atrioventricular node, yotchedwanso AV node, yomwe ili pafupi ndi pakati pamtima pakati pa atria ndi ma ventricles. Zikhumbo zamagetsizi zimapangitsa kuti magazi anu aziyenda bwino.

Mavavu amtima

Mtima uli ndi mavavu anayi, chimodzi chilichonse kumapeto kwenikweni kwa chipinda chilichonse, kuti, munthawi zonse, magazi sangathe kubwerera kumbuyo, ndipo zipindazi zimatha kudzaza magazi ndikupopa magazi patsogolo moyenera. Mavavu nthawi zina amatha kukonzedwa kapena kusinthidwa ngati awonongeka.

Mavavu amtima ndi awa:

• Tricuspid (kumanja AV) valavu. Valavuyi imatseguka kuti magazi azitha kutuluka kuchokera ku adrium yoyenera kupita ku ventricle yoyenera.
• Valavu m'mapapo mwanga. Valavuyi imatseguka kuti magazi azitha kutuluka kuchokera kumtunda kumanzere kupita m'mitsempha yam'mapapo kupita m'mapapu, kuti mtima ndi thupi lonse lilandire mpweya wochulukirapo.
• Mitral (kumanzere AV) valavu. Valavuyi imatseguka kuti magazi aziyenda kuchokera kumanzere kupita kumanzere kumanzere.
• Valavu kung'ambika. Valavuyi imatseguka kuti magazi atuluke kumtunda kumanzere kuti magazi azitha kupita kumtima ndi thupi lonse, kupulumutsa mapapo.

Magazi amayenda kudutsa mumtima

Mukamagwira ntchito moyenera, magazi opangidwa ndi deoxygenated obwera kuchokera ku ziwalo, kupatula mapapu, amalowa mumtima kudzera m'mitsempha ikuluikulu iwiri yotchedwa vena cavae, ndipo mtima umabwezeretsanso magazi ake owopsa kudzera munthenda yamitsempha.

Kuchokera kumalo amanjenje, magazi amalowa mu atrium yolondola ndikudutsa mu valavu ya tricuspid kulowa mu ventricle yoyenera. Mwaziwo umadutsa mu valavu yamapapo kulowa mu thunthu lamitsempha yam'mapapo, ndipo kenako umadutsa m'mitsempha yam'mapapo yamanja kumanzere ndikupita kumapapu, komwe magazi amalandila mpweya pakasinthana ndi mpweya.

Pobwerera kuchokera m'mapapu, magazi omwe ali ndi mpweya amayenda m'mitsempha yam'mapazi yamanja kumanzere ndikumapita kumanzere kwa mtima. Magaziwo amayenda kudzera pa valavu ya mitral kulowa mu ventricle yakumanzere, chipinda champhamvu chamtima.

Magazi amatuluka mu ventricle yakumanzere kudzera pa valavu ya aortic, ndikulowera ku aorta, kukwera m'mwamba kuchokera pamtima. Kuchokera pamenepo, magazi amayenda modutsa mitsempha kuti akafike ku selo iliyonse mthupi kupatula mapapu.

Korona wamtima

Kapangidwe kamagazi amtima amatchedwa kuzungulira kwa magazi. Mawu oti "koronary" amachokera ku liwu lachilatini lotanthauza "korona." Mitsempha yomwe imalimbikitsa minofu ya mtima imazungulira mtima ngati korona.

Matenda a mtima, omwe amatchedwanso matenda amitsempha, amayamba kashiamu wokhala ndi cholesterol ndi mafuta omwe amasonkhanitsa ndikusokoneza mitsempha yomwe imadyetsa minofu ya mtima. Ngati gawo limodzi la zikwangwani izi lingaphulike, limatha kutsekereza chimodzi mwazithunzizi mwadzidzidzi ndikupangitsa kuti minofu ya mtima iyambe kufa (myocardial infarction) chifukwa imasowa mpweya ndi michere. Izi zitha kuchitika ngati magazi amatuluka m'mitsempha ya mumtima, yomwe imatha kuchitika pakangoduka chipika.