Kodi kuyamba msambo ndi chiyani, zomwe zimayambitsa ndi zomwe zimayambitsa

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro za kusamba koyambirira
• Zomwe zimayambitsa msambo
• Mayeso ofunikira
• Chithandizo cha msambo woyambirira

Kutha msinkhu kumafanana ndi msambo woyamba wa atsikana, womwe nthawi zambiri umachitika msinkhu, wazaka zapakati pa 9 ndi 15, koma zomwe zimatha kusiyanasiyana malinga ndi moyo, mahomoni, kupezeka kwa kunenepa kwambiri komanso mbiri yakusamba kwa azimayi amtundu womwewo. Amadziwika kuti:

• Kutha msinkhu: ikawoneka asanakwanitse zaka 8,
• Kutha msinkhu: ikawoneka atakwanitsa zaka 14.

Oposa theka la atsikana aku Brazil amakhala ndi nthawi yawo yoyamba kufikira atakwanitsa zaka 13, ndipo azaka 14 zakubadwa kuposa 90% ya atsikana omwe ali kale kusamba.Komabe, msungwanayo akasamba asanakwanitse zaka 8, makolo ayenera kupita ndi mtsikanayo kwa dokotala wa ana kuti akafufuze zomwe zikuchitika, chifukwa pakhoza kukhala matenda omwe akukhudzidwa.

Zizindikiro za kusamba koyambirira

Zizindikiro zoyamba kusamba ndi mawonekedwe, asanakwanitse zaka 8, a:

• Ukazi ukazi;
• Kutupa pang'ono kwa thupi;
• Tsitsi la pubic;
• Kukulitsa mawere;
• Kuchuluka m'chiuno;
• Zowawa m'mimba ndi
• Zizindikiro zamaganizidwe, monga kukhumudwa, kukwiya kapena kukhudzidwa mtima.

Mtsikanayo amathanso kuzindikira kutulutsa kwachizungu kapena chachikasu kumaliseche miyezi ingapo asanakwane.

Zomwe zimayambitsa msambo

Msambo woyamba wabwera kale komanso m'mbuyomu. Zaka za m'ma 1970 zisanafike, msambo woyamba unali pakati pa zaka 16-17, koma posachedwapa atsikana adasamba kale kwambiri, kuyambira zaka 9 m'maiko angapo, ndipo zomwe zimayambitsa sizimveka bwino nthawi zonse. Zina mwazomwe zimayambitsa kusamba koyambirira kwambiri ndi izi:

• Palibe chifukwa chomveka (80% yamilandu);
• Kufatsa kwa mwana kunenepa kwambiri;
• Pali kukayikira kupezeka kwa pulasitiki wokhala ndi bisphenol A kuyambira pomwe adabadwa;
• Kuvulala kwamanjenje apakati, monga meninjaitisi, encephalitis, chotupa cha ubongo kapena ziwalo, mwachitsanzo;
• Pambuyo cheza mu chapakati mantha dongosolo;
• Matenda a McCune-Albright;
• Zotupa zamchiberekero monga follicular cysts kapena neoplasia;
• Zotupa za adrenal zotulutsa estrogen;
• Ovuta kwambiri hypothyroidism.

Kuphatikiza apo, mtsikanayo akagwidwa ndi mahomoni a estrogen adakali aang'ono, mwayi wofika msambo ukhoza kukulirakulira. Nthawi zina zomwe msungwanayo amatha kupezeka ndi ma estrogens zimaphatikizapo kumwa mapiritsi oletsa kubereka ndi mayi nthawi yapakati komanso / kapena kuyamwitsa, ndikugwiritsa ntchito mafutawo kupatula milomo yaying'ono, mwachitsanzo.

Mayeso ofunikira

Mtsikanayo akasamba msinkhu asanakwanitse zaka 8, dokotala wa ana akhoza kukayikira kusintha kulikonse paumoyo wake, ndipo pachifukwa ichi amayesa thupi la mtsikanayo powona kukula kwa mabere, tsitsi m'khwapa ndi m'mabako. Kuphatikiza apo, adotolo amatha kuyitanitsa mayeso monga LH, estrogen, TSH ndi T4, zaka za mafupa, m'chiuno ndi adrenal ultrasound.

Nthawi yanu yoyamba ikafika musanakwanitse zaka 6, mutha kuyitanitsa mayeso monga kujambula kwa maginito amkati mwa mitsempha kuti muwone zosintha zazikulu zomwe zingayambitse msambo posachedwa.

Chithandizo cha msambo woyambirira

Zotsatira zoyambira msambo ndizovuta zamaganizidwe ndi machitidwe; chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha kuzunzidwa; wamfupi ngati wamkulu; chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha kunenepa kwambiri, matenda oopsa, mtundu wa 2 shuga, matenda amtima, sitiroko ndi mitundu ina ya khansa, monga khansa ya m'mawere, chifukwa chodziwika msanga ndi hormone estrogen.

Chifukwa chake, dokotala wa ana atha kulangiza kuti makolo akuyenera kulandira chithandizo, kumuchepetsa msambo msungwanayo mpaka atakwanitsa zaka 12, kugwiritsa ntchito jakisoni wamwezi uliwonse kapena wa kotala kamodzi wa timadzi timene timapangitsa kutha msinkhu. Msambo woyamba ukabwera msanga kwambiri ndipo umayambitsidwa ndi matenda ena, ayenera kuthandizidwa, ndipo msambowo umasowa, kubwerera pamene mankhwala ayimitsidwa.