Momwe mungadziwire myopia ndi zomwe muyenera kuchita kuti muchiritse

Zamkati

• Momwe mungadziwire
• Madigiri a Myopia
• Zomwe zimayambitsa
• Myopia mwa ana
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Myopia ndi vuto la masomphenya lomwe limayambitsa zovuta kuwona zinthu zakutali, zomwe zimayambitsa kusawona bwino. Kusintha uku kumachitika diso likakhala lalikulu kuposa labwinobwino, ndikupangitsa kuti pakhale cholakwika pakuwonetseranso kwa chithunzi chomwe chatengedwa ndi diso, ndiye kuti, chithunzi chomwe chimapangidwa chimasokonekera.

Myopia ili ndi cholowa ndipo, mwambiri, digiriyo imakulira mpaka itakhazikika pafupi ndi zaka 30, mosasamala kanthu kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka magalasi kapena magalasi olumikizirana, omwe amangolondola masomphenya osasangalatsa ndipo samachiritsa myopia.

Myopia imachiritsidwa, nthawi zambiri, kudzera pakuchita ma laser omwe amatha kukonza digirii kwathunthu, koma cholinga chachikulu cha njirayi ndikuchepetsa kudalira pakukonzekera, mwina ndi magalasi kapena magalasi olumikizirana.

Myopia ndi astigmatism ndi matenda omwe atha kupezeka mwa wodwala yemweyo, ndipo amatha kuwongoleredwa limodzi, ndi mandala apadera amilandu iyi, kaya ndi magalasi kapena magalasi olumikizirana. Mosiyana ndi myopia, astigmatism imayambitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe osagwirizana a cornea, omwe amapanga zithunzi zosasinthika. Mvetsetsani bwino mu: Astigmatism.

Momwe mungadziwire

Zizindikiro zoyamba za myopia nthawi zambiri zimawoneka pakati pa zaka za 8 ndi 12, ndipo zimatha kuwonjezeka paunyamata, thupi likamakula msanga. Zizindikiro zazikulu ndi monga:

• Kusakhoza kuwona patali kwambiri;
• Mutu pafupipafupi;
• Kupweteka kosalekeza m'maso;
• Theka tsekani maso anu kuti muwone bwino;
• Lembani ndi nkhope yanu pafupi kwambiri ndi gome;
• Zovuta kusukulu kuti awerenge pa bolodi;
• Osangowona zikwangwani za pamsewu patali;
• Kutopa kwambiri mutayendetsa, kuwerenga kapena kuchita masewera, mwachitsanzo.

Pamaso pazizindikirozi, ndikofunikira kufunsa dokotala wa maso kuti akuunikire mwatsatanetsatane ndikuwona kusintha kwamasomphenya komwe kumalepheretsa kuwona. Onani kusiyana pakati pamavuto akulu owonera pakusiyana pakati pa myopia, hyperopia ndi astigmatism.

Madigiri a Myopia

Myopia amasiyanitsidwa ndi madigiri, oyesedwa mu diopter, omwe amawunika zovuta zomwe munthu amayenera kuwona kutali. Chifukwa chake, kukwezeka kwa digiriyo, kumawonjezera zovuta zowonera.

Ikakhala mpaka madigiri atatu, myopia imawerengedwa kuti ndiyofatsa, ikakhala pakati pa 3 ndi 6 degrees, imawerengedwa kuti ndiyabwino, koma ikakhala pamwambapa 6 degrees, ndi myopia yayikulu.

Zomwe zimayambitsa

Myopia imachitika diso likakulirapo kuposa momwe liyenera kukhalira, lomwe limayambitsa vuto pakasinthasintha kwa kuwala, popeza zithunzizo zimatha kumangoyang'aniridwa kutsogolo kwa diso, m'malo mwa diso lenileni.

Chifukwa chake, zinthu zakutali zimasokonekera, pomwe zinthu zapafupi zimawoneka zabwinobwino. N'zotheka kugawa myopia malinga ndi mitundu iyi:

• Axial myopia: imachitika pakakhala kuti diso lalitali kwambiri, lalitali kuposa kutalika kwachilendo. Nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa myopia wapamwamba;
• Kupindika myopia: ndimafupipafupi kwambiri, ndipo kumachitika chifukwa chakukula kokhotakhota kwa diso kapena mandala, komwe kumatulutsa zithunzi za zinthu zisanafike pamalo oyenera pa diso;
• Congenital myopia: imachitika mwana akabadwa ndimasinthidwe am'maso, ndikupangitsa kuchuluka kwa myopia komwe kumatsalira m'moyo wonse;
• Myopia yachiwiri: itha kuphatikizidwa ndi zolakwika zina, monga nyukiliya cataract, yomwe imapangitsa kuchepa kwa mandala, pambuyo povulala kapena kuchitidwa opaleshoni ya khungu, mwachitsanzo.

Diso likakhala laling'ono kuposa labwinobwino, pakhoza kukhala chisokonezo china cha masomphenya, chotchedwa hyperopia, momwe zithunzi zimapangidwira pambuyo pa diso. Mvetsetsani momwe zimawonekera komanso momwe mungachiritse matenda a hyperopia.

Myopia mwa ana

Myopia mwa ana aang'ono, osakwana zaka 8, zitha kukhala zovuta kuzipeza chifukwa samadandaula, chifukwa ndiyo njira yokhayo yowonera kuti akudziwa komanso, "dziko" lawo lili pafupi kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, ana ayenera kupita kukakumana ndi dotolo wa maso, makamaka, asanayambe sukulu ya kusukulu, makamaka makolo akakhala ndi myopia.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Mankhwala a myopia amatha kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito magalasi kapena magalasi olumikizirana omwe amathandizira kuyang'ana kuwala, ndikuyika chithunzicho pa diso la diso.

Komabe, njira ina ndiyo opaleshoni ya myopia zomwe zimatha kuchitika, nthawi zambiri, digiriyo ikakhazikika ndipo wodwalayo wazaka zopitilira 21. Opaleshoniyi imagwiritsa ntchito laser yomwe imatha kupanga mandala achilengedwe kuti izitha kuyika zithunzizo pamalo oyenera, kuchepetsa kufunika kwa wodwala kuvala magalasi.

Onani zambiri zothandiza za opaleshoni ya myopia.