Chilichonse Chimene Muyenera Kudziwa Zokhudza Khansa Ya m'mawere Yambiri

Zamkati

• Mitundu ya khansa ya m'mawere ndi iti?
• Kodi khansa ya m'mawere yambiri imapezeka bwanji?
• Amachizidwa bwanji?
• Kodi zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri zamankhwala ndi ziti?
• Maganizo ake ndi otani?
• Ndi mitundu yanji yothandizira yomwe ilipo?

Kodi khansa ya m'mawere yambiri ndi yotani?

Zambiri khansa ya m'mawere imachitika pakakhala zotupa ziwiri kapena zingapo m'mawere omwewo. Zotupa zonse zimayambira mu chotupa chimodzi choyambirira. Zotupazo zilinso mu quadrant yomweyo - kapena gawo - la bere.

Zambiri Khansa ya m'mawere ndi khansa yofananira. Pafupifupi chotupa chimayamba, koma mosiyanasiyana m'mawere anayi.

Kulikonse kuchokera pa 6 mpaka 60 peresenti ya zotupa za m'mawere ndizambiri kapena zingapo, kutengera momwe amafotokozedwera ndikudziwika.

Zotupa zambiri zimatha kukhala zosafunikira kapena zowononga.

• Zosasokoneza Khansa imakhala m'malo amkaka kapena zopanga mkaka (lobules) za m'mawere.
• Zowononga Khansa imatha kumera m'magawo ena a m'mawere ndikufalikira kuzinthu zina.

Pitirizani kuwerenga kuti mudziwe zambiri za mitundu ya khansa ya m'mawere yomwe ingakhale ndi khansa ya m'mawere yambiri, mankhwala omwe angakhale nawo, ndi zina zambiri.

Mitundu ya khansa ya m'mawere ndi iti?

Pali mitundu ingapo ya khansa ya m'mawere, ndipo imadalira mtundu wamaselo omwe khansa imakula.

Khansa zambiri za m'mawere ndi ma carcinomas. Izi zikutanthauza kuti amayamba m'maselo am'minyewa oyenda mabere. Adenocarcinoma ndi mtundu wa carcinoma womwe umakula kuchokera kumayendedwe amkaka kapena lobules.

Khansa ya m'mawere imagawidwa m'magulu awa:

• Ductal carcinoma mu situ (DCIS) imayamba mkati mwa ngalande zamkaka. Amatchedwa osalowera chifukwa sanafalikire kunja kwa ngalandezi. Komabe, kukhala ndi khansara kumatha kuwonjezera chiopsezo chanu cha khansa ya m'mawere. DCIS ndiye khansa ya m'mawere yofala kwambiri. Amapanga 25 peresenti ya khansa yonse ya m'mawere yomwe imapezeka ku United States.
• Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) imakhalanso yosavomerezeka. Maselo achilendo amayamba mu tiziwalo timene timatulutsa mkaka m'mawere. LCIS ​​ikhoza kuonjezera chiopsezo chotenga khansa ya m'mawere mtsogolo. LCIS ​​ndi yosawerengeka, imangowonetsa 0,5 mpaka 4% ya ma biopsies onse osakhala ndi khansa.
• Kuukira kwa ductal carcinoma (IDC) ndi khansa yodziwika kwambiri ya m'mawere, yomwe imayambitsa pafupifupi 80 peresenti ya khansa iyi. IDC imayamba m'maselo omwe amayenda ngalande zamkaka. Itha kumera mpaka m'mawere onse, komanso kumagawo ena amthupi.
• Kuukira lobular carcinoma (ILC) imayambika m'makanda ndipo imatha kufalikira mbali zina za thupi. Pafupifupi 10 peresenti ya khansa yonse ya m'mawere ndi ILC.
• Khansa ya m'mawere yotupa ndi mawonekedwe osowa omwe amafalikira mwamphamvu. Pakati pa 1 ndi 5 peresenti ya khansa ya m'mawere ndi iyi.
• Matenda a Paget a mabere ndi khansa yosawerengeka yomwe imayambira ngalande zamkaka koma imafalikira mpaka ku nipple. Pafupifupi 1 mpaka 3 peresenti ya khansa ya m'mawere ndi iyi.
• Ziphuphu zotupa amatenga dzina lawo pamtundu wofanana ndi masamba momwe maselo a khansa amakulira. Zotupa izi ndizochepa. Ambiri alibe khansa, koma zilonda ndizotheka. Zotupa za Phyllode zimapanga zosakwana 1 peresenti ya khansa ya m'mawere.
• Angiosarcoma imayamba m'maselo omwe amakhala ndi zotengera zamagazi kapena zamitsempha. Ochepera kuposa khansa ya m'mawere ndi mtundu uwu.

Kodi khansa ya m'mawere yambiri imapezeka bwanji?

Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito mayeso angapo osiyanasiyana kuti adziwe khansa ya m'mawere.

Izi zikuphatikiza:

• Matenda oyesa mawere. Dokotala wanu amamva mabere anu ndi ma lymph node paziphuphu zilizonse kapena zosintha zina zachilendo.
• Mammogram. Kuyesaku kumagwiritsa ntchito X-ray kuti izindikire kusintha kwa mabere ndi khungu la khansa. Zaka zomwe muyenera kuyamba kuyesedwa, komanso kuchuluka kwake, zimadalira chiwopsezo cha khansa ya m'mawere. Ngati muli ndi mammogram yachilendo, dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni kukhala ndi mayeso amodzi kapena angapo pansipa.
• Kujambula kwa maginito (MRI). Kuyesaku kumagwiritsa ntchito maginito amphamvu ndi mafunde a wailesi kuti apange zithunzi zamkati mwa bere. Ndizolondola kwambiri potola khansa ya m'mawere yambirimbiri kuposa mammography ndi ultrasound.
• Ultrasound. Kuyesaku kumagwiritsa ntchito mafunde omveka kuti ayang'ane misa kapena zosintha zina m'mabere anu.
• Chisokonezo. Iyi ndi njira yokhayo yomwe dokotala wanu angadziwire kuti muli ndi khansa. Dokotala wanu adzagwiritsa ntchito singano kuchotsa pang'ono pathupi lanu. Biopsy ingathenso kutengedwa ndi sentinel lymph node - lymph lymph node yomwe maselo a khansa amatha kufalikira koyamba kuchokera ku chotupacho. Chitsanzocho chimatumizidwa ku labu, komwe kumayang'aniridwa ndi khansa.

Kutengera izi ndi zina zoyesa, dokotala wanu adzayambitsa khansa yanu. Staging akuwonetsa kukula kwa khansara, kaya yafalikira, ndipo ngati ndi choncho, mpaka pati. Zingathandize dokotala kukonzekera chithandizo chanu.

Mu khansa yambiri, chotupa chilichonse chimayezedwa mosiyana. Matendawa amapangidwa kutengera kukula kwa chotupa chachikulu. Akatswiri ena akuti njirayi siyolondola chifukwa silingaganizire kuchuluka kwa zotupa m'mabere. Komabe, umu ndi momwe khansa ya m'mawere imakhalira nthawi zambiri.

Amachizidwa bwanji?

Chithandizo chanu chimadalira gawo la khansa yanu. Ngati khansara ili koyambirira - kutanthauza kuti zotupazo zimangokhala mu kotala limodzi la opaleshoni yopulumutsa m'mawere (lumpectomy) ndiyotheka. Njirayi imachotsa khansa yambiri momwe ingathere, ndikusunga minofu ya m'mawere mozungulira.

Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, mupeza radiation kuti iphe ma cell aliwonse a khansa omwe akanatha kutsalira. Chemotherapy ndi njira ina pambuyo pa opaleshoni.

Zotupa zazikulu kapena khansa zomwe zafalikira zingafune mastectomy - opaleshoni kuchotsa bere lonse. Matenda am'mimba amathanso kuchotsedwa panthawi ya opaleshoniyi.

Kodi zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri zamankhwala ndi ziti?

Ngakhale chithandizo cha khansa ya m'mawere chingakuthandizeni kuti mupulumuke, atha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo.

Zotsatira zoyipa zochitidwa opaleshoni yoteteza m'mawere ndi monga:

• kupweteka kwa bere
• zipsera
• kutupa mu bere kapena mkono (lymphedema)
• kusintha mawonekedwe a bere
• magazi
• matenda

Zotsatira za ma radiation ndi monga:

• kufiira, kuyabwa, khungu, ndi kukwiya kwa khungu
• kutopa
• kutupa pachifuwa

Maganizo ake ndi otani?

Khansa ya m'mawere yamafuta ambiri imatha kuposa zotupa zokha zomwe zimafalikira kumatenda am'mimba. Komabe, kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti kupulumuka kwa zaka 5 sikusiyana ndi zotupa zingapo kuposa zotupa m'modzi.

Maganizo anu samadalira kuchuluka kwa zotupa zomwe muli nazo pachifuwa chimodzi, komanso kukula kwa zotupa zanu komanso ngati zafalikira. Ponseponse, zaka 5 zomwe zimapulumuka khansa yomwe imangokhala pachifuwa ndi 99%. Ngati khansara yafalikira ku ma lymph node m'derali, zaka 5 zapulumuka ndi 85 peresenti.

Ndi mitundu yanji yothandizira yomwe ilipo?

Ngati mwapezeka kuti muli ndi khansa ya m'mawere yamagulu angapo, mutha kukhala ndi mafunso ambiri pazonse kuchokera pazomwe mungasankhe kuchipatala mpaka momwe zingadzipezere ndalama. Dokotala wanu ndi gulu lanu lonse lazachipatala atha kukhala magwero abwino achidziwitso.

Muthanso kupeza zambiri ndi magulu othandizira mdera lanu kudzera m'mabungwe a khansa monga awa:

• American Cancer Society
• Chikhalidwe cha Khansa ya M'mawere
• Susan G. Komen