Mycoplasma Chibayo

Zamkati

• Nchiyani chimayambitsa mycoplasma chibayo?
• Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chokhala ndi chibayo cha mycoplasma?
• Zizindikiro za chibayo cha mycoplasma ndi ziti?
• Kodi mycoplasma chibayo chimapezeka bwanji?
• Kodi njira zamankhwala zothandizira mycoplasma chibayo ndi ziti?
• Maantibayotiki
• Corticosteroids
• Mankhwala osokoneza bongo
• Kodi ndingapewe bwanji chibayo cha mycoplasma?
• Kodi mycoplasma pneumonia imakhudza bwanji ana?
• Kodi zovuta za mycoplasma chibayo ndi ziti?
• Kodi chiyembekezo chanthawi yayitali ndichotani?

Kodi mycoplasma chibayo ndi chiyani?

Mycoplasma pneumonia (MP) ndi matenda opatsirana opatsirana omwe amafalikira mosavuta kudzera pakhudzana ndi madzi am'mapuma. Zitha kuyambitsa miliri.

MP amadziwika kuti ndi chibayo chachilendo ndipo nthawi zina amatchedwa "chibayo choyenda." Imafalikira mwachangu m'malo okhala anthu ambiri, monga masukulu, masukulu aku koleji, ndi malo osungira anthu okalamba. Munthu wodwala akakhosomola kapena kuyetsemula, chinyezi chomwe chili ndi mabakiteriya a MP chimatulutsidwa mlengalenga. Anthu omwe alibe matendawa m'malo awo amatha kupuma mabakiteriya mosavuta.

zomwe anthu amakula mdera lawo (kunja kwa chipatala) zimayambitsidwa ndi Mycoplasma pneumoniae mabakiteriya. Mabakiteriya amatha kuyambitsa tracheobronchitis (chimfine pachifuwa), zilonda zapakhosi, matenda am'makutu komanso chibayo.

Chifuwa chowuma ndicho chizindikiro chofala kwambiri cha matenda. Matenda osachiritsidwa kapena ovuta amatha kukhudza ubongo, mtima, dongosolo lamanjenje, khungu, ndi impso ndikupangitsa kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi. Nthawi zambiri, MP amapha.

Kupeza matenda msanga kumakhala kovuta chifukwa pali zizindikiro zochepa zachilendo. Pamene MP ikupita, kuyerekezera ndi kuyesa kwa labotale kumatha kuzizindikira. Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki kuchiza MP. Mungafunike maantibayotiki obaya ngati mankhwala am'kamwa sagwira ntchito kapena ngati chibayo ndi cholimba.

Zizindikiro za MP ndizosiyana ndi zomwe chibayo chimachitika chifukwa cha mabakiteriya wamba, monga Mzere ndipo Haemophilus. Odwala nthawi zambiri samapuma movutikira, kutentha thupi kwambiri, ndi chifuwa chopatsa zipatso ndi MP. Nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi malungo otsika kwambiri, chifuwa chouma, kupuma pang'ono makamaka mwamphamvu, komanso kutopa.

Nchiyani chimayambitsa mycoplasma chibayo?

Pulogalamu ya Mycoplasma chibayo bakiteriya ndi chimodzi mwazomwe zimadziwika kwambiri ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Pali mitundu yoposa 200 yodziwika. Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda opuma chifukwa cha Mycoplasma pneumoniae osakula chibayo. Mukalowa m'thupi, bakiteriya imatha kudziphatika m'mapapu anu ndikuchulukirachulukira mpaka matenda atayamba. Matenda ambiri a mycoplasma chibayo ndi ochepa.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chokhala ndi chibayo cha mycoplasma?

Mwa achikulire ambiri athanzi, chitetezo cha mthupi chimatha kulimbana ndi MP isanakule kukhala matenda. Omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu ndi awa:

• achikulire
• anthu omwe ali ndi matenda omwe amalepheretsa chitetezo cha mthupi, monga HIV, kapena omwe ali ndi ma steroids osatha, immunotherapy, kapena chemotherapy
• anthu omwe ali ndi matenda am'mapapo
• anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a zenga
• ana ochepera zaka 5

Zizindikiro za chibayo cha mycoplasma ndi ziti?

MP atengere matenda opatsirana opuma kapena chimfine m'malo mongopuma kapena chibayo. Apanso, zizindikirozi nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi izi:

• chifuwa chowuma
• kutentha thupi
• kuchepa
• kupuma pang'ono

Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amatha kukhala owopsa ndikuwononga mtima kapena dongosolo lamanjenje. Zitsanzo za zovuta izi ndi izi:

• nyamakazi, momwe mafupa amatupa
• pericarditis, kutupa kwa pericardium komwe kumazungulira mtima
• Matenda a Guillain-Barré, matenda amitsempha omwe angayambitse ziwalo ndi kufa
• encephalitis, kutupa koopsa kwa ubongo
• impso kulephera
• kuchepa magazi m'thupi
• mikhalidwe yosowa komanso yoopsa pakhungu monga matenda a Stevens-Johnson ndi poizoni epidermal necrolysis
• mavuto osowa khutu monga bullous myringitis

Kodi mycoplasma chibayo chimapezeka bwanji?

MP nthawi zambiri imayamba popanda zisonyezo zowonekera pakadutsa milungu itatu kapena itatu ikuwonekera. Kuzindikira koyambirira kumakhala kovuta chifukwa thupi silimaulula nthawi yomweyo matenda.

Monga tanenera kale, matendawa amatha kuwonekera kunja kwa mapapo anu. Izi zikachitika, zizindikilo za matendawa zingaphatikizepo kutha kwa maselo ofiira, kutupa khungu, komanso kulumikizana. Kuyesedwa kwachipatala kumatha kuwonetsa umboni wa kachilombo ka MP patatha masiku atatu kapena asanu ndi awiri kuchokera pomwe zoyamba kuwonekera.

Pofuna kudziwa, dokotala wanu amagwiritsa ntchito stethoscope kuti amvetsere phokoso lililonse popuma kwanu. X-ray yapachifuwa ndi CT scan zingathandizenso dokotala kuti adziwe. Dokotala wanu akhoza kuyitanitsa kuyezetsa magazi kuti atsimikizire matendawa.

Kodi njira zamankhwala zothandizira mycoplasma chibayo ndi ziti?

Maantibayotiki

Maantibayotiki ndiye njira yoyamba yothandizira MP. Ana amalandira maantibayotiki osiyanasiyana kuposa achikulire kuti ateteze zovuta zowopsa.

Macrolides, kusankha koyamba kwa maantibayotiki kwa ana, ndi awa:

• erythromycin
• chithuchithu
• alireza
• azithromycin

Maantibayotiki omwe amaperekedwa kwa akulu ndi awa:

• kutuloji
• kutchfuneralhome
• quinolones, monga levofloxacin ndi moxifloxacin

Corticosteroids

Nthawi zina maantibayotiki paokha samakwanira ndipo muyenera kulandira mankhwala a corticosteroids kuti muchepetse kutupa. Zitsanzo za corticosteroids ngati izi:

• chibadul
• methylprednisolone

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Ngati muli ndi MP wamphamvu, mungafunike "mankhwala ena opatsirana mthupi" kuphatikiza ma corticosteroids, monga intravenous immunoglobulin kapena IVIG.

Kodi ndingapewe bwanji chibayo cha mycoplasma?

Chiwopsezo chotenga mamembala a MP chimakwera m'miyezi yakugwa ndi yozizira. Malo oyandikana kapena okhala ndi anthu ambiri zimapangitsa kuti kachilomboka kaperekedwe kuchokera kwa munthu kupita kwa munthu.

Kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chotenga kachilombo, yesani izi:

• Kugona maola asanu ndi limodzi kapena asanu ndi atatu usiku uliwonse.
• Idyani chakudya choyenera.
• Pewani anthu omwe ali ndi zizindikiro za MP.
• Sambani m'manja musanadye kapena mutatha kucheza ndi anthu omwe ali ndi kachilomboka.

Kodi mycoplasma pneumonia imakhudza bwanji ana?

Mwambiri, ana amatenga matenda mosavuta kuposa achikulire. Izi zimakulitsidwa ndikuti nthawi zambiri amakhala atazunguliridwa ndi magulu akulu a ana ena, mwina opatsirana. Chifukwa cha izi, atha kukhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha MP kuposa achikulire. Pitani kwa mwana wanu kwa dokotala mukawona izi:

• malungo otsika otsika
• chimfine kapena chimfine ngati zizindikiro zomwe zimapitilira masiku 7-10
• chifuwa chowuma chokhazikika
• kupuma kwinaku akupuma
• ali ndi kutopa kapena samamva bwino ndipo sizikhala bwino
• chifuwa kapena kupweteka m'mimba
• kusanza

Kuti adziwe mwana wanu, dokotala akhoza kuchita chimodzi kapena zingapo zotsatirazi:

• mverani kupuma kwa mwana wanu
• tengani chifuwa cha X-ray
• tengani chikhalidwe cha bakiteriya pamphuno kapena pakhosi
• kuyitanitsa kuyezetsa magazi

Mwana wanu akapezeka, dokotala wawo amatha kukupatsani mankhwala opha tizilombo kwa masiku 7-10 kuti athetse matendawa. Maantibayotiki ofala kwambiri kwa ana ndi ma macrolides, koma adotolo amathanso kupatsa cyclines kapena quinolones.

Kunyumba, onetsetsani kuti mwana wanu sagawana mbale kapena makapu kuti asafalitse matenda. Auzeni kuti amwe madzi ambiri. Gwiritsani ntchito pedi yotenthetsera pochiza zowawa zilizonse pachifuwa zomwe amamva.

Matenda a MP a mwana wanu amatha pambuyo pa milungu iwiri. Komabe, matenda ena amatha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kuti achiritse.

Kodi zovuta za mycoplasma chibayo ndi ziti?

Nthawi zina, matenda a MP amatha kukhala owopsa. Ngati muli ndi mphumu, MP imatha kukulitsa zizindikilo zanu. MP amathanso kukhala chibayo choopsa kwambiri.

MP yanthawi yayitali kapena yosawerengeka ndiyosowa koma imatha kuwononga mapapo mpaka kalekale, monga akuchitira mbewa. Nthawi zambiri, MP wosachiritsidwa amatha kupha. Kaonaneni ndi dokotala nthawi yomweyo ngati mukumva zizindikiro zilizonse, makamaka ngati zitatha milungu iwiri.

Kodi chiyembekezo chanthawi yayitali ndichotani?

M. pneumoniae malinga ndi Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Anthu ambiri amapanga ma antibodies kwa MP atadwala kwambiri. Ma antibodies amawateteza kuti asatenge kachilomboka. Odwala omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka, monga omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV komanso omwe amalandira mankhwala osachiritsika, ma immunomodulators, kapena chemotherapy, atha kukhala ndi vuto lolimbana ndi matenda a MP ndipo amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga kachilombo m'tsogolo.

Kwa ena, zizindikilo ziyenera kutha pakadutsa sabata limodzi kapena awiri atalandira chithandizo. Chifuwa chimatha, koma nthawi zambiri chimakhala chokhazikika pakatha milungu inayi kapena isanu ndi umodzi. Onani dokotala wanu ngati mupitilizabe kukhala ndi zizindikilo zoopsa kapena ngati matendawa akusokoneza moyo wanu watsiku ndi tsiku. Mungafunike kupeza chithandizo chamankhwala kapena matenda ena azinthu zina zilizonse zomwe mwina zidayambitsidwa ndi matenda anu a MP.