Panhypopituitarism: ndi chiyani, zizindikiro ndi momwe mankhwala amathandizira

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira
• Zomwe zingayambitse

Panhypopituitarism ndi matenda osowa omwe amafanana ndi kuchepa kapena kusowa kwa mahomoni angapo chifukwa chakusintha kwa minyewa, yomwe ndi gland yomwe ili muubongo yomwe imayang'anira kuwongolera tiziwalo tina tambiri mthupi, motero, kumabweretsa Kupanga mahomoni ofunikira kuti thupi liziyenda bwino.

Kuperewera kwa mahomoni kumatha kubweretsa kuwonekera kwa zizindikilo zingapo, monga kuchepa thupi, kusintha kwa msambo, kuchepa kutalika, kutopa kwambiri komanso mavuto aberekero, mwachitsanzo. Chifukwa chake, njira yayikulu yochepetsera zizindikiritso za panhypopituitarism ndi kudzera m'malo mwa mahomoni, zomwe ziyenera kuchitidwa molingana ndi malangizo a endocrinologist.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Zizindikiro za panhipopituitarismo zimadalira momwe mahomoni samapangidwira kapena amapangidwa mozungulira, monga:

• Kuchepetsa thupi chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro;
• Kutaya njala;
• Kutopa kwambiri;
• Khalidwe limasintha;
• Zovuta kukhala ndi pakati komanso kusamba kwa msambo, chifukwa chakuchepa kwa mahomoni achikazi;
• Kuchepetsa kutulutsa mkaka mwa amayi;
• Kuchepetsa msinkhu ndikuchedwa kutha msinkhu mwa ana, chifukwa kupanga hormone yakukula (GH) kumawonongeka;
• Kutaya ndevu komanso mavuto okhudzana ndi chonde mwa amuna, chifukwa chakuchepa kwa testosterone ndipo, chifukwa chake, kukula kwa umuna.

Kuchokera pazizindikiro zomwe munthu amafufuza komanso mayesedwe a labotale omwe amayesa kuyeza mahomoni m'magazi, endocrinologist amatha kumaliza matendawa ndikuwonetsa mankhwala omwe munthuyo ayenera kumwa.

Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la panhypopituitarism amatha kukhala ndi matenda a shuga insipidus, omwe amachitika chifukwa chakuchepa kwa ma antidiuretic hormone (ADH), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi azikhala ndi magazi ambiri chifukwa chotsika kwamadzi, kuphatikiza kusowa kwa madzi m'thupi komanso ludzu kwambiri. Dziwani zambiri za matenda a shuga insipidus.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Mankhwalawa amachitika molingana ndi malangizo a endocrinologist ndipo amachitika kudzera m'malo mwa mahomoni pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Momwe khungu la pituitary limayang'anira kupanga mahomoni angapo, kungakhale kofunikira kuti munthu alowe m'malo mwake:

• ACTH, yotchedwanso adrenocorticotrophic hormone kapena corticotrophin, yomwe imapangidwa ndi pituitary gland ndipo imathandizira kupanga cortisol, yomwe ndi mahomoni omwe amachititsa kuti anthu asamapanikizike komanso kuloleza kusintha kwa thupi kuzinthu zatsopano. Mvetsetsani kuti cortisol ndi chiyani;
• TSH, yotchedwanso hormone yotulutsa chithokomiro, yomwe imapangidwa ndimatumbo a pituitary ndipo imathandizira kuchititsa chithokomiro kutulutsa mahomoni T3 ndi T4, omwe amagwira ntchito yayikulu mu metabolism;
• LH, yotchedwa luteinizing hormone, yomwe imalimbikitsa kupanga testosterone mwa amuna ndi progesterone mwa akazi, ndi FSH, yotchedwa follicle yotakasira mahomoni, yomwe imalola kuwongolera kupanga umuna ndi kusasitsa dzira. Chifukwa chake, pakachepetsa kutulutsa kwa mahomoni amenewa chifukwa cha zovuta zamatenda am'mimba, mwachitsanzo, kuchepa kwachonde kwa amuna ndi akazi kuphatikiza pakutha kwa tsitsi ndikuwongolera kusamba, mwachitsanzo. Dziwani zambiri za hormone FSH;
• GH, yotchedwa kukula kwa hormone kapena somatotropin, imapangidwa ndimatumbo a pituitary ndipo imathandizira kukula kwa ana ndi achinyamata, kuwonjezera pakuthandizira pakugwiritsa ntchito kagayidwe kachakudya ka thupi.

Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa cha kusintha kwamalingaliro chifukwa cha kusintha kwa mahomoni, adotolo amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa nkhawa komanso nkhawa za nkhawa kuti muchepetse zizindikilo zokhudzana ndi kusinthasintha kwadzidzidzi.

Dokotala angalimbikitsenso kuti m'malo mwa calcium ndi potaziyamu, omwe ndi mchere wofunikira pazinthu zosiyanasiyana zamagetsi mthupi, popeza kusintha kwa mahomoni kumapangitsa kuchepa kwa mchere m'magazi.

Zomwe zingayambitse

Chifukwa chofala kwambiri cha panhypopituitarism ndi chotupa m'matenda am'mimba, omwe, kutengera gawo la chotupacho, angafunikire kuchotsedwa kwa khungu la pituitary. Komabe, sikuti nthawi zonse pakhala chotupa m'matumbo a pituitary chomwe chimatanthawuza kuti munthuyo amadwala matenda a panhypopituitarism, omwe amangochitika pokhapokha ngati chovalacho chikuyenera kuchotsedwa.

Kuphatikiza apo, panhypopituitarism imatha kuchitika chifukwa cha matenda omwe amakhudza ubongo, monga meningitis, mwachitsanzo, matenda a Simmonds, omwe ndi matenda obadwa nawo, kapena mwina chifukwa cha zotsatira za radiation.