Kuyesa kwa pap: ndi chiyani, ndi chiyani komanso zotsatira zake

Zamkati

• Ndi chiyani
• Momwe mayeso amachitikira
• Momwe mungakonzekerere
• Nthawi yoti mupange pap smear
• Pap smear ali ndi pakati
• Kumvetsetsa zotsatira

Pap smear, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti mayeso oletsa kupewa, ndi mayeso azamayi omwe amawonetsedwa azimayi kuyambira koyambirira kwa kugonana, komwe cholinga chake ndi kusintha kusintha ndi matenda m'chibelekero, monga kutupa, HPV ndi khansa.

Kuyeza uku ndikofulumira, komwe kumachitika kuofesi ya azimayi ndipo sikumapweteka, komabe mayiyo amatha kumva kusowa pang'ono kapena kukakamizidwa mkati mwa nyini pomwe dotoloyo amakanda maselo a chiberekero.

Ndi chiyani

Pap smear yachitika kuti izindikire kusintha kwa chiberekero, komwe kungaphatikizepo:

• Matenda apakhungu, monga trichomoniasis, candidiasis kapena bacterial vaginosis mwa Gardnerella vaginalis;
• Matenda opatsirana pogonana, monga mauka, chizonono, chindoko kapena HPV;
• Khansa ya pachibelekero;
• Ganizirani zaumoyo wa khomo pachibelekeropo komanso kupezeka kwa zotupa za Naboth, zomwe ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tomwe titha kupangidwa chifukwa chodzaza madzimadzi omwe amatulutsidwa ndimatenda omwe ali pachibelekero.

Pap smears amathanso kuchitidwa ndi amayi osamvera atakwanitsa zaka 21, pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zapadera komanso malinga ndi malangizo a dokotala, kuti athe kuyesa khomo lachiberekero ndikuzindikira zosintha zomwe zingachitike.

Momwe mayeso amachitikira

Kuyesedwa kwa Pap ndikosavuta, mwachangu ndipo kumachitika muofesi ya amayi. Komabe, kuti izi zitheke, ndikofunikira kuti mayi azitsatira malangizo, monga kukayezetsa kunja kwa msambo, kusakhala ndi mimbayi kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta opaka m'mimba patangotsala maola 48 kuti ayambe kuyezetsa komanso osagonana maola 48 mayeso.

Panthawi yoyezetsa magazi, mayiyo amakhala atadwala matenda azimayi ndipo chida chamankhwala chowonera khomo lachiberekero chimalowetsedwa mu ngalande ya amayi. Kenako, adotolo amagwiritsa ntchito spatula kapena burashi kuti atenge pang'ono pang'ono maselo omwe adzatumizedwe kukawayesa mu labotore. Kuphatikiza apo, zithunzi ziwiri zimapangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zomwe zimasonkhanitsidwa panthawi yoyezetsa zomwe zimatumizidwa ku labotale ya microbiology kuti zidziwitse kupezeka kwa tizilombo.

Kuyesaku sikumapweteka, komabe mutha kumva kupweteka kapena kumva kupsinjika mkati mwa chiberekero panthawi yamayeso, komabe kumverera kudzadutsa atachotsa spatula ndi chipatala.

Onani zambiri zamomwe mayeso a Pap amachitikira.

Momwe mungakonzekerere

Kukonzekera pap smear ndikosavuta ndipo kumaphatikizapo kupeŵa maubwenzi apamtima ngakhale kugwiritsa ntchito kondomu, kupewa kusamba zaukhondo komanso kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kapena njira zakulera m'masiku awiri mayeso asanachitike.

Kuphatikiza apo, mayiyu sayeneranso kusamba, chifukwa kupezeka kwa magazi kumatha kusintha zotsatira za mayeso.

Onani nthawi yomwe mayeso ena amafunika kuti awonetse chiberekero.

Nthawi yoti mupange pap smear

Kuyesedwa kwa Pap kumawonetsedwa kwa azimayi kuyambira koyambirira kogonana mpaka zaka 65, komabe amaikidwa patsogolo kwa azimayi azaka zapakati pa 25 ndi 65. Kuyesaku kuyenera kuchitika chaka chilichonse, koma ngati zotsatirazo sizikhala zaka 2 zotsatizana, mayeso amatha kuchitidwa zaka zitatu zilizonse. Malangizowa amapezeka chifukwa chakuchepa kwa khansa ya pachibelekero, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zotupa zoyambilira komanso khansa zizidziwike koyambirira ndipo chithandizo chitha kuyamba pambuyo pake.

Pankhani ya azimayi azaka zapakati pa 64 omwe sanapangepo Pap smear, malingaliro ake ndikuti mayesero awiri azichitidwa pakadutsa zaka 1 mpaka 3 pakati pa mayeso. Pankhani ya amayi omwe ali ndi zotupa zosonyeza khansa ya pachibelekero, Pap smear imachitika miyezi isanu ndi umodzi iliyonse. Khansa ya pachibelekero imayambitsidwa ndi Human Papillomavirus, HPV, yomwe imayenera kuzindikiritsidwa ndikuchiritsidwa kuti isatsalire mthupi ndikumabweretsa khansa. Phunzirani momwe mungadziwire matenda a HPV ndi momwe amathandizira.

Pap smear ali ndi pakati

Pap smears imatha kuchitika panthawi yapakati mpaka mwezi wachinayi makamaka, makamaka pochita koyamba kubadwa, ngati mayi sanachite izi posachedwa. Kuphatikiza apo, kuyesaku ndikotetezeka kwa mwana, chifukwa sikufikira mkati mwa chiberekero kapena mwana wosabadwa.

Kumvetsetsa zotsatira

Zotsatira za Pap smear zimatulutsidwa ndi labotale molingana ndi mawonekedwe am'maselo omwe amawonedwa ndi microscope, omwe atha kukhala:

• Kalasi I: khomo lachiberekero ndi labwino komanso labwino;
• Gulu II: kupezeka kwa kusintha kosasintha kwa maselo, omwe nthawi zambiri amayamba chifukwa cha kutupa kwachikazi;
• Gulu III: zikuphatikizapo NIC 1, 2 kapena 3 kapena LSIL, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti pali kusintha m'maselo a khomo lachiberekero ndipo adotolo atha kuperekanso mayeso ena kuti afufuze chomwe chikuyambitsa vutoli, lomwe lingakhale HPV;
• Kalasi IV; NIC 3 kapena HSIL, zomwe zikuwonetsa kuyambitsa kwa khansa ya pachibelekero;
• Maphunziro V: kupezeka kwa khansa ya pachibelekero.
• Zitsanzo zosakhutiritsa: zomwe adazisonkhanitsa sizinali zokwanira ndipo mayeso sangathe kuchitidwa.

Malinga ndi zotsatira zake, a gynecologist angakuuzeni ngati kuli koyenera kuti mupimenso mayeso ndi mankhwala oyenera. Pakakhala kachilombo ka HPV kapena kusintha kwa maselo, kuyezetsa kuyenera kuchitidwanso pakatha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, ndipo ngati akuganiziridwa kuti khansara iyenera kuchitika, colposcopy iyenera kuchitidwa, komwe kumafufuza mwatsatanetsatane azachipatala momwe adotolo amayendera maliseche, nyini ndi khomo pachibelekeropo. Mvetsetsani kuti colposcopy ndi chiyani komanso momwe zimachitikira.