Pneumonitis: ndi chiyani, mitundu, zizindikiro ndi chithandizo

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Momwe muyenera kuchitira

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis imafanana ndi kutupa kwa mapapo chifukwa cha zovuta zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha tizilombo, fumbi kapena othandizira mankhwala, omwe amatsogolera kutsokomola, kupuma movutikira ndi malungo.

Pneumonitis imatha kugawidwa malinga ndi zomwe zimayambitsa mitundu ingapo, monga:

1. Chemical pneumonitis, chomwe chimayambitsa kupuma kwa fumbi, poizoni kapena zinthu zakhudzana ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma labala ndi zida zopangira, mwachitsanzo;
2. Matenda opatsirana a pneumonitis, zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, monga bowa chifukwa cha kupuma kwa nkhungu, kapena bakiteriya ndi protozoa;
3. Lupus pneumonitis, zomwe zimachitika chifukwa chamatenda amthupi, mtunduwu umakhala wosowa kwambiri;
4. Pneumonitis yolimbana, omwe amatchedwanso Hamman-Rich Syndrome, omwe ndi matenda osowa osadziwika omwe angayambitse kupuma.

Kuphatikiza apo, pneumonitis imatha kubwera chifukwa chopumira mpweya woipa ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono, zowononga mpweya, zotsalira nzimbe, nkhata zankhungu, balere kapena chimera choumba, nkhungu ya tchizi, chimanga cha tirigu ndi nyemba za khofi zonyansa, mwachitsanzo.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Zizindikiro zazikulu zakutupa kwamapapu ndi izi:

• Chifuwa;
• Kupuma pang'ono;
• Malungo;
• Kuchepetsa thupi popanda chifukwa chomveka;
• Kupuma kovuta;
• Kuchuluka kwa kupuma, kotchedwa tachypnea.

Kuzindikira kwa pneumonitis kumachitika kudzera pakuwunika kwachipatala, kuwonjezera pazotsatira zoyesedwa zina, monga X-ray ya m'mapapo, mayeso a labotale omwe amayesa momwe mapapu amagwirira ntchito komanso kuyeza kwa ma antibodies m'magazi. Kuphatikiza apo, biopsy yamapapu ndi bronchoscopy imatha kupemphedwa ndi dokotala kuti afotokozere kukayikira ndikumaliza matendawa. Fufuzani kuti ndi chiyani komanso momwe bronchoscopy imagwirira ntchito.

Momwe muyenera kuchitira

Chithandizo cha pneumonitis cholinga chake ndikuchepetsa kukhudzana ndi omwe amachititsa matendawa, kuwonetsedwa kuti sakupezeka pantchito nthawi zina. Pankhani ya pneumonitis yopatsirana, kugwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki, ma antifungals kapena antiparasitic wothandizila atha kuwonetsedwa malinga ndi wothandizirayo wopatula.

Nthawi zina, matendawa amachoka patangopita maola ochepa, atachoka kwa othandizira, ngakhale machiritso amangobwera patangotha ​​milungu ingapo. Zimakhala zachizolowezi kuti, ngakhale atachira matendawa, wodwalayo samapuma movutikira akamayesetsa kuchita zolimbitsa thupi, chifukwa cha pulmonary fibrosis yomwe imatha kukhazikika.

Pazovuta kwambiri, kungakhale kofunikira kuti munthuyo alandire kuchipatala kuti alandire mpweya ndi mankhwala kuti athetse vutoli.