Mvetsetsani chifukwa chake opaleshoni ya pulasitiki ikhoza kukhala yowopsa

Zamkati

• 7 zovuta zazikulu za opaleshoni ya pulasitiki
• 1. Ziphuphu ndi zofiirira
• 2. Kudzikundikira madzi
• 3. Kutsegula masokiti
• 4. Kutenga matenda
• 5. Thrombosis
• 6. Zipsera zopunduka
• 7. Kuchepetsa chidwi
• Zotsatira zazikulu za anesthesia
• Kuopsa kwa anesthesia wamba
• Kuopsa kwa matenda opatsirana kapena kupweteka kwa msana
• Kuopsa kwa mankhwala oletsa ululu am'deralo
• Ndani angakumane ndi zovuta?
• Momwe mungachepetse kuopsa kwa opaleshoni ya pulasitiki

Kuchita opaleshoni yapulasitiki kumatha kukhala koopsa chifukwa zovuta zina zimatha kuchitika, monga matenda, thrombosis kapena kutuluka kwa ulusi. Koma zovuta izi zimachitika kawirikawiri mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda osachiritsika, kuchepa magazi m'thupi kapena kumwa ma anticoagulants monga Warfarin ndi Aspirin, mwachitsanzo.

Kuphatikiza apo, pamakhala mwayi wambiri wazovuta pomwe opareshoniyo amatha maola opitilira 2, ngati atachita dzanzi kapena opaleshoni yayikulu ikachitidwa, monga m'mimba yotsekemera yotsatiridwa ndi ziwalo za m'mawere ndi kulumikizidwa kwa gluteal, mwachitsanzo.

Njira yabwino yochepetsera zovuta chifukwa chakuchita opaleshoni yapulasitiki ndikuchita izi kuchipatala kapena kuchipatala, ndi dokotala wa opaleshoni wapulasitiki yemwe ndi membala wa Brazilian Society of Plastic Surgery ndikutsatira malingaliro ake onse asanachitike komanso pambuyo pa opareshoni.

7 zovuta zazikulu za opaleshoni ya pulasitiki

Zina mwaziwopsezo zazikulu za opaleshoni ya pulasitiki ndi monga:

1. Ziphuphu ndi zofiirira

Kukula kwa hematoma ndi vuto lofala kwambiri la opaleshoni ya pulasitiki, yomwe imachitika chifukwa chakuchulukana kwa magazi m'deralo, kuchititsa kutupa ndi kupweteka. Kuphatikiza apo, mawanga ofiira amathanso kuwonekera, chifukwa mitsempha yamagazi imang'ambika panthawi yochita opaleshoni.

Zovuta izi zitha kupezeka pakuchita ma pulasitiki onse, kumachitika maopaleshoni mobwerezabwereza kukonza zikope, monga blepharoplasty, facelift kapena liposuction.

Ngakhale ndizovuta wamba komanso zowopsa, nthawi zambiri amachiritsidwa mosavuta pogwiritsa ntchito ayezi kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta onunkhira monga Trombofob kapena Hirudoid, mwachitsanzo ndipo, amasowa pang'onopang'ono mpaka milungu iwiri chitachitika opaleshoni. Nawa maupangiri osavuta ovulaza.

2. Kudzikundikira madzi

Pakakhala kutupa, khungu lofiira, kupweteka komanso kusinthasintha pamalopo, vuto lotchedwa seroma litha kukhala likukula.

Pofuna kupewa izi, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito bandeji, kulimba kapena kuvala moyenera munthawi ya opareshoni, kupumula ndikugwiritsa ntchito kuda kuti muchotse madzi owonjezera. Nthawi zina, pangafunike namwino kuti atenge madziwo ndi jakisoni kuti athe kuchira.

3. Kutsegula masokiti

Kutseguka kwa zolumikizira kapena zazikulu zimatha kuyambitsa dehiscence, ndipamene m'mbali mwa minyewa yomwe idalumikizidwa imagawanika ndipo chiopsezo chokhala ndi matenda chimakhala chachikulu ndipo nthawi yakuchiritsa imakula.

Vutoli limatha kuchitika munthuyo atasunthika kwambiri pambuyo poti achite opaleshoni, osagwirizana ndi zomwe adalangiza adotolo ndipo amapezeka kwambiri pakuchita opareshoni m'mimba, monga m'mimba.

4. Kutenga matenda

Chiwopsezo chotenga kachilomboka chimapezeka kwambiri pachilondacho, koma matenda amkati amathanso kuchitika, ndikupangitsa zizindikilo monga kutupa, kupweteka, malungo ndi mafinya. Kuphatikiza apo, pankhani ya maopareshoni pomwe ma prostheses a silicone amagwiritsidwa ntchito, monga kuwonjezera mawere, kukanidwa kwa ma prosthesis kumatha kuchitika, kumabweretsa matenda omwe amayenera kuthandizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe adokotala akuwonetsa.

5. Thrombosis

Pakachitika thrombus kapena clot clot, sizachilendo kumva kutupa ndi kupweteka kwambiri m'miyendo, makamaka ng'ombe, komanso khungu lonyezimira komanso lopukutira ndipo, ngati sichichiritsidwa mwachangu, ziboda zimatha kusunthira m'mapapu omwe amayambitsa kuphatikizika kwamapapu, a zovuta, zomwe zitha kupha.

Pofuna kupewa izi, ndikofunikira kumwa mankhwala a anticoagulant, monga Enoxaparin ndikusuntha mapazi ndi miyendo yanu ngakhale mutagona, kupumula. Onani njira zina zomwe zingathandize kupewa thrombosis ya miyendo.

6. Zipsera zopunduka

Maonekedwe a zipsera zakuda, zopunduka komanso zopaka mafuta amatha kuchitika pambuyo pakuchitidwa opaleshoni yamapulasitiki koma amakhala ofala kwambiri pachilondacho. Kuphatikiza apo, zotupa zimatha kupanganso pansi pa khungu zomwe zimayambitsidwa chifukwa chopanga cholimba m'deralo, chomwe chimakoka khungu.

Nthawi zina, mabala obwezeretsanso amatha kuwonekera, ndipamene khungu limakokera mkati ndikupanga bowo m'deralo. Njira zabwino zochiritsira zipsera zopunduka ndizogwiritsa ntchito zokongoletsa ma physiotherapy kapena kukhala ndi opaleshoni yatsopano ya pulasitiki kuti athetse bala.

7. Kuchepetsa chidwi

Kutayika kwakumverera m'dera loyendetsedwa komanso pamwamba pachilondacho, kumatha kuchitika chifukwa cha kutupa kwa dera, koma chidwi ichi chichepa pakapita nthawi.

Kuphatikiza pa zovuta zisanu ndi ziwirizi za opaleshoni ya pulasitiki, necrosis imatha kuchitika, yomwe ndi kufa kwa minofu chifukwa chosowa magazi ndi mpweya komanso kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo, komabe zovuta izi ndizosowa kwambiri ndipo zimakhudzana ndi kusadziwa kwa dotolo wa pulasitiki.

Zotsatira zazikulu za anesthesia

Maopaleshoni onse apulasitiki amachitidwa pansi pa oesthesia kuti aletse zowawa ndikulola adotolo kuti achite izi moyenera. Koma anesthesia amathanso kuyambitsa zovuta zina.

• Kuopsa kwa anesthesia wamba

Zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha anesthesia wamba, ndipamene wodwala amamwa mankhwala kuti agone mokwanira ndikupuma mothandizidwa ndi zida, monga nseru ndi kusanza, kusunga kwamikodzo, kuthamanga kwa magazi, chizungulire, kutopa, kugona kwambiri, kunjenjemera ndi mutu. Nthawi zovuta kwambiri, kupuma movutikira, infarction kapena ngakhale kufa kumatha kuchitika, koma izi ndizochepa.

Pofuna kuthana ndi zovuta zomwe zingayambitse ochititsa dzanzi, namwino nthawi zambiri amapereka mankhwala kuti athetse kusanza ndikuchepetsa ululu, kuyika catheter ya chikhodzodzo kuti athandize kukodza popanda vuto, koma ndikofunikanso kugona ndi kupumula.

• Kuopsa kwa matenda opatsirana kapena kupweteka kwa msana

Epidural anesthesia yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kumsana kumabweretsa kutayika kwam'mimba, m'chiuno ndi miyendo kumapangitsa kuti munthu akhale maso. Zotsatira zake zimaphatikizapo kuchepetsa kukhudzidwa kwa miyendo kwakanthawi, komwe kumawonjezera ngozi yakugwa ndi kuwotcha. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchepa kwamphamvu komanso kupweteka kwakumbuyo kumatha kupezeka pamalo olumirako.

• Kuopsa kwa mankhwala oletsa ululu am'deralo

Anesthesia yakomweko ndi yomwe imayambitsa zovuta zochepa, komabe, imatha kuyambitsa kutupa, kuchepa kwachisoni ndi kuphwanya komwe jekeseni idapatsidwa.

Ndani angakumane ndi zovuta?

Anthu onse amatha kukhala ndi zovuta nthawi kapena pambuyo pa opaleshoni ya pulasitiki, koma odwala omwe atha kukhala ndi mavuto ndi awa:

• Zaka zoposa zaka 60;
• Matenda osachiritsika, monga matenda oopsa, matenda ashuga kapena kubanika kugona;
• Chitetezo chofooka, monga HIV +, khansa kapena hepatitis;
• Anthu omwe amamwa ma anticoagulants kapena amakhala ndi mavuto monga mitsempha ya varicose, thrombosis, kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi kapena kuvuta kwa kutseka kapena kuchiritsa;
• BMI yoposa 29 komanso kuchuluka kwamafuta am'mimba.

Kuphatikiza apo, omwe amasuta kapena omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo amakhalanso ndi zovuta ndipo, akakhala ndi zovuta m'maopaleshoni ena, chiopsezo chimakhala chachikulu.

Momwe mungachepetse kuopsa kwa opaleshoni ya pulasitiki

Pofuna kupewa zovuta panthawi yochita opareshoni kapena munthawi ya postoperative ndikofunikira musanachite opaleshoni:

• Chitani mayeso azachipatala monga kuyesa kwathunthu kwa magazi ndi electrocardiogram. Onani mayeso akulu omwe muyenera kuchita.
• Kuchepetsa ndudu amene amasuta kapena kusiya kusuta osachepera 1 mwezi asanachite opareshoni, kuti apewe kuphatikizika kwamapapu;
• Pewani kumwa mapiritsi Mwezi umodzi musanachite opareshoni, makamaka ngati opareshoniyo atenga maola opitilira 4, pali zina zazitali, kuti muchepetse chiopsezo cha thrombosis;
• Lekani kumwa mankhwala, monga aspirin pa malangizo a dokotala kupewa mavuto;
• Kutenga maantibayotiki Asanachite opaleshoni, pachipatala.

Pofuna kuchepetsa zoopsazi munthu ayenera kusankha nthawi zonse kusankha dotolo wa pulasitiki yemwe waphunzitsidwa komanso wodalirika ndikusankha chipatala kapena chipatala chodziwika bwino.