Zotsatira zoyipa za General Anesthesia: Zomwe Muyenera Kuyembekezera

Zamkati

• Kodi zotsatira zoyipa zazifupi ndizotheka?
• Ndi zotsatira zanji zoyipa zomwe zingachitike?
• Nchiyani chimakulitsa chiopsezo chanu chazotsatira zoyipa?
• Kodi ndizotheka kudzuka nthawi ya opaleshoni?
• Chifukwa chiyani mankhwala oletsa ululu amagwiritsidwa ntchito mopitilira njira zina?
• Mfundo yofunika

Kodi anesthesia amagwiritsidwa ntchito liti, ndipo ndi otetezeka?

Mankhwala oletsa ululu ambiri ndi otetezeka kwambiri. Ngakhale mutakhala ndi mavuto azaumoyo, mutha kulekerera anesthesia popanda zovuta.

Koma ndi mankhwala aliwonse kapena njira zamankhwala, mutha kukhala ndi zovuta zina. Nazi zomwe muyenera kuyembekezera.

Kodi zotsatira zoyipa zazifupi ndizotheka?

Zotsatira zoyipa zambiri za anesthesia zimachitika mukangomaliza kumene opaleshoni ndipo sizikhala kwakanthawi. Mukamaliza opaleshoni ndipo mankhwala oletsa ululu atayimitsidwa, mudzauka pang'onopang'ono m'chipinda chogwiritsira ntchito kapena chipinda chothandizira. Mwinamwake mudzamva groggy ndi kusokonezeka pang'ono.

Mwinanso mungakhale ndi zotsatirapo zofala izi:

• Nseru ndi kusanza. Izi zimachitika nthawi yomweyo, koma anthu ena amatha kudwala tsiku limodzi kapena awiri. Mankhwala oletsa kunyansidwa angathandize.
• Pakamwa pouma. Mutha kumva kuti mwauma mukadzuka. Malingana ngati simusisidwa kwambiri, kumwa madzi kumatha kusamalira pakamwa panu pouma.
• Zilonda zapakhosi kapena zopweteka. Thupi lomwe limayikidwa pakhosi panu kuti likuthandizeni kupuma panthawi yochita opaleshoni lingakusiyeni ndi zilonda zapakhosi litachotsedwa.
• Kuzizira ndikunjenjemera. Zimakhala zofala kuti kutentha kwa thupi lanu kumatsika nthawi yonse ya anesthesia. Madokotala ndi anamwino anu adzaonetsetsa kuti kutentha kwanu sikugwa kwambiri panthawi yochita opareshoni, koma mutha kudzuka mukugwedezeka ndikumva kuzizira. Kuzizira kwanu kumatha kukhala kwakanthawi kwa maola angapo.
• Kusokonezeka komanso kuganiza mozama. Mukangoyamba kuwuka kuchokera ku anesthesia, mumatha kusokonezeka, kugona, komanso kuchita thukuta. Izi zimangokhala kwa maola ochepa, koma kwa anthu ena - makamaka achikulire - chisokonezo chimatha masiku kapena milungu.
• Kupweteka kwa minofu. Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti muchepetse minofu yanu pochita opaleshoni amatha kupweteketsa mtima pambuyo pake.
• Kuyabwa. Ngati mankhwala osokoneza bongo (opioid) amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yomwe mwayamba kapena mutatha, mutha kuyabwa. Izi ndizotsatira zoyipa za gulu ili la mankhwala.
• Mavuto a chikhodzodzo. Mutha kukhala ndi vuto kudutsa mkodzo kwakanthawi kochepa pambuyo pa anesthesia wamba.
• Chizungulire. Mutha kukhala ndi chizungulire mukangoyimirira. Kumwa madzi ambiri kuyenera kukuthandizani kuti mukhale bwino.

Ndi zotsatira zanji zoyipa zomwe zingachitike?

Anthu ambiri samakumana ndi zovuta zilizonse.Komabe, achikulire amatha kukhala ndi zovuta zomwe zimatha masiku angapo.

Izi zingaphatikizepo:

• Kusokonezeka kwa postoperative. Anthu ena amatha kusokonezeka, kusokonezeka, kapena kukhala ndi vuto lokumbukira zinthu pambuyo pa opaleshoni. Kusokonezeka kumeneku kumatha kubwera, koma nthawi zambiri kumatha pafupifupi sabata limodzi.
• Kusokonezeka kwa chidziwitso pambuyo pa ntchito(POCD). Anthu ena atha kukhala ndi zovuta zokumbukira kapena zovuta zina zakumbuyo atachitidwa opaleshoni. Koma sizokayikitsa kuti izi ndi zotsatira za anesthesia. Zikuwoneka ngati zotsatira za opaleshoni yomwe.

Ena omwe anthu azaka zopitilira 60 atha kukhala ndi mwayi wopeza POCD.

Muthanso kukhala ndi mwayi wokhala ndi POCD ngati muli:

• anadwala sitiroko
• matenda amtima
• matenda am'mapapo
• Matenda a Alzheimer
• Matenda a Parkinson

Nchiyani chimakulitsa chiopsezo chanu chazotsatira zoyipa?

Nthawi zambiri, anesthesia ambiri amakhala otetezeka kwambiri. Ndi opaleshoni yokha yomwe imayika pachiwopsezo. Koma okalamba komanso omwe ali ndi njira zazitali amakhala pachiwopsezo cha zotsatirapo zoyipa.

Ngati muli ndi izi, onetsetsani kuti mwauza dokotala chifukwa izi zingakhudze momwe mumachitira mukamachita opaleshoni komanso pambuyo pake:

• Mbiri ya zochita chokhwima kuti mankhwala ochititsa dzanzi
• kugona tulo
• kugwidwa
• kunenepa kwambiri
• kuthamanga kwa magazi
• matenda ashuga
• matenda amtima
• matenda am'mapapo
• matenda a impso
• chifuwa cha mankhwala

Muyeneranso kudziwitsa dokotala ngati:

• kusuta
• kumwa mowa kwambiri
• tengani mankhwala ochepetsa magazi

Kodi ndizotheka kudzuka nthawi ya opaleshoni?

Nthawi zambiri, anthu amatha kudziwa zomwe zikuchitika pa opaleshoni. Akatswiri ena akuti pafupifupi munthu m'modzi mwa anthu 1,000 amadzuka koma satha kuyenda, kulankhula, kapena kuchenjeza dokotala. Olemba ena akuti izi ndizosowa kwambiri, monga kawirikawiri ku 1 mwa 15,000 kapena 1 mwa 23,000.

Izi zikachitika, munthuyo samva kuwawa kulikonse. Komabe, kuzindikira kuti ntchito ndi yogwira kumatha kupweteketsa mtima kwambiri ndipo kumatha kubweretsa mavuto amisala okhalitsa, ofanana ndi kupsinjika kwachisoni.

Ngati mukumva kuzindikira kwa opareshoni pansi pa anesthesia wamba, mwina zitha kukhala zabwino kukambirana ndi wothandizira kapena phungu za zomwe mwakumana nazo.

Chifukwa chiyani mankhwala oletsa ululu amagwiritsidwa ntchito mopitilira njira zina?

Ngati mukufuna opaleshoni, mwina simukufuna kumva zomwe zikuchitika. Kutengera mtundu wa opareshoni, izi zitha kuchitika m'njira zosiyanasiyana.

Dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni anesthesia ambiri ngati njira yanu ipita ku:

• kutenga nthawi yayitali
• zimayambitsa kutayika kwa magazi
• zimakhudza kupuma kwanu

Anesthesia wamba amakhala chikomokere cha mankhwala. Dokotala wanu amakupatsani mankhwala kuti akupangitseni kuti mukhale osazindikira kotero kuti musasunthike kapena kumva kupweteka panthawi yochita opaleshoniyi.

Njira zina zitha kuchitidwa ndi:

• mankhwala oletsa ululu am'deralo, monga mukamapeza ulusi m'dzanja lanu
• sedation, monga mukalandira colonoscopy
• mankhwala oletsa kupweteka m'deralo, monga mukamabereka mwana kuti abereke mwana

Dokotala wanu adzakuyendetsani pazomwe mungasankhe mukamakonzekera njira yanu. Atha kuyankha mafunso aliwonse omwe mungakhale nawo pazomwe zidzagwiritsidwe ntchito komanso chifukwa chiyani.

Mfundo yofunika

Ndikofunika kuti muzilankhula momasuka ndi madokotala anu pazazidziwitso zanu zonse zaumoyo. Anesthesiologist wanu amatha kuyang'anira chisamaliro chanu mosamala ndikuchiza zovuta zanu, pokhapokha mutakhala owona mtima.

Mukamalankhula ndi dotolo wanu komanso dokotala wanu asanachite izi, onetsetsani kuti mwalankhula nawo zakukhosi kwanu komanso zomwe mukuyembekezera. Muyeneranso kukambirana za:

• asanafike pochita opaleshoni
• zikhalidwe zaumoyo
• kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala
• kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Onetsetsani kuti mukutsatira malangizo anu onse - kuphatikizapo zomwe mungadye kapena simungathe kudya ndi kumwa komanso mankhwala omwe muyenera kumwa kapena osamwa. Kutsatira malangizowa kungathandize kuchepetsa zovuta zina za anesthesia wamba.