Chizindikiro Chakumwa Kwanu Kungakhale Vuto

Zamkati

• Nchiyani Chimayambitsa Vuto lakumwa?
• Zoyenera Kuchita Ngati Mukuganiza Kuti Muli Ndi Vuto Lakumwa
• Onaninso za

Usiku wina mu Disembala, Michael F. adazindikira kuti kumwa kwake kwachuluka kwambiri. "Kumayambiriro kwa mliriwu zinali ngati zosangalatsa," akuti Maonekedwe. "Zinamveka ngati msasa kunja." Koma popita nthawi, Michael (yemwe adapempha kuti asinthidwe dzina lake kuti asatchulidwe) adayamba kumwa mowa wambiri, koyambirira komanso koyambirira kwa tsikulo.

Michael sali yekha. M'modzi mwa anthu asanu ndi atatu aku America ali ndi vuto lakumwa JAMA Psychiatry. Ndipo kafukufuku wawonetsa kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa kumwa komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo mu mliri wa COVID-19. Nielsen data yogulitsa ndi ogula idanenanso kuti kuchuluka kwa 54% pakugulitsa mowa mdziko muno sabata yatha ya Marichi 2020, komanso kuwonjezeka kwa 262% pakugulitsa mowa pa intaneti poyerekeza ndi 2019. Mu Epulo 2020, World Health Organisation idachenjeza kuti chiwonjezeko Kumwa mowa kumatha kukulitsa mavuto azaumoyo, kuphatikizapo "matenda osiyanasiyana opatsirana komanso osapatsirana komanso matenda amisala, omwe amatha kupangitsa munthu kukhala pachiwopsezo cha COVID-19."

Akatswiri azamisala omwe amakhazikika pa zakumwa zoledzeretsa ndi zakumwa zoledzeretsa ati pali zifukwa zosiyanasiyana zomwe zingapangitse kuti munthu ayambe kumwa kwambiri. Ndipo mliri wa COVID-19, mwatsoka, wapereka ambiri a iwo.

"Moyo wa anthu wasokonekera. Anthu akugona kwambiri. Akuyamba kuda nkhawa kwambiri, ndipo pali chinthu china chodzipangira chokha ndi izi ndi mowa," akutero Sean X. Luo, MD, Ph.D., katswiri wazamisala ku New York. "Anthu amamwa mowa kwambiri kuti amve bwino, agone bwino, ndi zina zotero. Ndipo chifukwa chakuti zinthu zina zomwe zingapangitse moyo wathanzi - zosangalatsa, zochitika zamagulu - sizilipo, anthu akugwiritsa ntchito mowa kuti apeze kukhutira mwamsanga." (Zokhudzana: Momwe Kudalira Kuchita Masewera Olimbitsa Thupi Kunandithandiza Kusiya Kumwa Moyenera)

Ngati muli m’gulu la anthu amene ayamba kumwa mowa kwambiri pa nthawi ya mliriwu, mwina mungakhale mukudabwa ngati zafika povuta kumwa. Nazi zomwe muyenera kudziwa.

Nchiyani Chimayambitsa Vuto lakumwa?

"Kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa" si kuchipatala, koma "vuto la kumwa mowa" ndi, akutero Dr. Luo. ("Kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa" ndi mawu omwe amatchulidwapo, komanso "kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa," komanso "kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa.") "Kuledzera" kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokoza kutha kwa vuto lakumwa mowa, pomwe munthu sangathe kulamulira kulakalaka kumwa mowa, ngakhale mutakumana ndi zotsatirapo zoipa.

Dr. Luo anati: “Matenda omwa mowa amatanthauzidwa ngati kumwa mowa komwe kumalepheretsa anthu kugwira ntchito m’madera osiyanasiyana. "Sizikutanthauza kuti mumamwa mowa wochuluka motani kapena umamwa kangati. Komabe, nthawi zambiri kupitirira nthawi inayake kuchuluka kwa mowa kumatha kutsimikizira vuto." Mwanjira ina, wina atha kumuwona ngati wamowa "wopepuka" komabe amakhala ndi vuto lakumwa mowa, pomwe wina yemwe amatha kumwa pafupipafupi koma ntchito zake sizikukhudzidwa sangatero.

Chifukwa chake m'malo mongoganizira kuchuluka kwa zomwe mumamwa, ndibwino kuti muganizire zizolowezi zingapo kuti muwone ngati mukumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso, akutero Dr. Luo. "Mukatsegula fayilo ya Kusanthula ndi Buku Lophatikiza la Mavuto Amisala, [vuto la kumwa moŵa limatanthauzidwa ndi] kusiya ndi kulolera, kumene kumawonjezera kuchuluka kwa mowa umene mumamwa,” iye akutero.” akuchira ntchito. "

Mukamamwa mowa kuyamba kusokoneza kagwiridwe kanu ka ntchito kapena ntchito, kapena mukayamba kuchita zinthu zowopsa nthawi yomweyo monga kumwa ndi kuyendetsa, ndiye chizindikiro kuti ndi vuto, akutero. Zitsanzo zina zowonjezera zakusowa kwa mowa ndi monga kufuna kumwa mowa kwambiri osaganizira china chilichonse, kupitiriza kumwa ngakhale kuti zimakhudza ubale wanu ndi okondedwa, kapena kukumana ndi zizindikilo zakusiya monga kusowa tulo, kupumula, nseru, thukuta, mtima wothamanga, kapena nkhawa mukamamwa, malinga ndi National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism.

Dr. Luo akunena kuti ngati muli ndi "maganizo ndi matenda" omwe angakulitsidwe ndi zizoloŵezi zanu zakumwa (monga matenda a shuga) "kapena ngati kumwa kumayambitsa kuvutika maganizo kwambiri ndi nkhawa komabe mukupitirizabe kumwa, izi ndi umboni wakuti mowa. likukhala vuto."

Zoyenera Kuchita Ngati Mukuganiza Kuti Muli Ndi Vuto Lakumwa

Mosiyana ndi zomwe anthu ambiri amaganiza za kumwa mowa, anthu ambiri angathe achepetse kumwa kwawo kapena asiye okha, akutero Mark Edison, MD, Ph.D., katswiri wa zamaganizo ndi mowa.” Mmodzi mwa akulu 12 aliwonse, panthaŵi iliyonse, amamwa mopambanitsa m’dziko lino,” akutero Dr. Edison. "Chaka chotsatira, ambiri a iwo samakhalanso ndi vuto la mowa."

Kafukufuku wina wa m’chaka cha 2005 wokhudza anthu amene ankamwa mowa mwauchidakwa anapeza kuti 25 peresenti yokha ya anthu amene ankamwa mowa mwauchidakwa ndi imene idakali m’gulu la anthu amene ankamwa mowa kwambiri patatha chaka chimodzi, ngakhale kuti 25 peresenti yokha ya omwe analandira chithandizo ndi yomwe inalandira chithandizo. Kafukufuku wotsatira wa 2013 adapezanso kuti ambiri omwe adachira ku chidakwa sanapeze chithandizo chamtundu uliwonse kapena kutenga nawo mbali pazigawo khumi ndi ziwiri. Inapeza mayanjano pakati pa kuchira ndi zinthu monga kukhala mbali ya gulu lachipembedzo ndi kukhala wokwatira posachedwapa kapena wopuma pantchito. (Zokhudzana: Kodi Ubwino Wosamwa Mowa Ndi Chiyani?)

“Pali nthano zambiri [za kumwa mowa],” akutero Dr. Edison. "Nthano imodzi ndiyakuti muyenera kufikira 'mwala' musanasinthe. Izi sizigwirizana ndi kafukufuku." Nthano ina ndiyakuti muyenera kukhala oledzeretsa kuti musamwe mowa. M'malo mwake, chifukwa chotheka kuti munthu atha kusiya kusuta, kusiya kumwa mowa nthawi zambiri kumakhala bwino kusiya "kuzizira."

Ngati mukuwona kuti kumwa kwanu kwayamba kukhala vuto, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe mungachite pakali pano kuti zikuthandizeni kuchepetsa kumwa mowa mwanzeru komanso moyenera. Dr. Edison akuwonetsa kuti anthu azichezera tsamba la NIAAA, lomwe limapereka chidziwitso pazinthu zonse kuchokera momwe mungadziwire ngati kumwa kwanu kuli kovuta pamapepala olumikizirana ndi ma calculator kuti akuthandizireni kuti musinthe.

SmartRecovery.org, gulu laulere, lothandizira anzawo kwa anthu omwe akufuna kuchepetsa kumwa kwawo kapena kusiyiratu, ndi njira ina yothandiza kwa iwo omwe akufuna kusintha, akutero Dr. Edison. (Zogwirizana: Momwe Mungalekere Kumwa Mowa Popanda Kumva Ngati Pariah)

“Simungakonde kukhala m’gulu [lothandiza anzanu] poyamba, ndipo muyenera kuyesa magulu atatu musanasankhe kupitiriza,” akutero Dr. Edison. (Izi zikupatsani mwayi wopeza njira yamisonkhano yomwe imakusangalatsani kwambiri.) "Koma mudzalandira chilimbikitso kuchokera kwa mamembala amgulu. Mupeza mayankho pomvera anthu ena akuyesetsa kudzithandiza. Mudzamva nkhani ngati zanu . Tsopano, mudzamvanso nkhani zokhumudwitsa kwambiri, koma mudzakumbutsidwa kuti simuli nokha.

Kuyanjana ndi gulu lothandizana ndi anzanu kungakupangitseni kuti muzimva kuthandizidwa pakuyesetsa kuchira vuto lakumwa mowa, ndikuchepetsa kulakalaka mowa, kudziimba mlandu, kapena manyazi, malinga ndi nkhani ya Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala Molakwika ndi Kutsitsimutsa. Nkhaniyi imanena kuti nthawi zambiri, kuthandizidwa ndi anzawo sikubwezeretsa chithandizo ndi katswiri wazachipatala, popeza otsogolera alibe maphunziro okwanira "othetsera matenda amisala kapena zoopsa." Muyenera kukumana ndi katswiri wazamankhwala omwe angalimbikitsenso kulowa nawo gulu lothandizira anzawo. (Yokhudzana: Momwe Mungapezere Katswiri Wabwino Kwambiri Kwa Inu)

Akatswiri ambiri azamisala omwe ali ndi vuto la kuledzera akupereka upangiri kudzera pa Zoom, ndipo ena atha kutsegula maofesi awo kuti apereke upangiri wamunthu payekha, atero Dr. Luo. "Kuphatikiza apo, pali mankhwala ochiritsira kwambiri omwe [odwala] amatha kupatulidwa kuchokera komwe amakhala kapena ngati akufunikiranso kumwa mowa ndipo sizabwino kuchitira odwala kunja," (kwa anthu omwe akhala kumwa mowa wochuluka n’kuyamba kuona zizindikiro zoopsa zosiya kusuta monga kuyerekezera zinthu m’maganizo kapena kukomoka), akufotokoza motero Dr. Luo. "Chifukwa chake mutha kupita kukalandira chithandizo cha odwala omwe ali m'malo awa, omwenso ali otseguka ngakhale mliriwu." Ngati mukuganiza kuti muli ndi vuto lakumwa mowa, NIAAA imalimbikitsa kuti mukayesedwe ndi othandizira kapena adotolo kuti mudziwe njira yomwe mungakonde.

Ngati muyang'ana zomwe mwamwa pa nthawi ya mliri wa COVID-19 ndikukayikira kuti muli ndi vuto, nthawi zonse zimakhala zopindulitsa kupeza upangiri kwa katswiri wogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso kulankhula ndi achibale odalirika, mabwenzi, ndi/kapena. okondedwa awo kuti athandizidwe.

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