Kuledzeretsa: mitundu, zizindikiro ndi chithandizo

Zamkati

• Mitundu ya poyizoni
• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Choyamba thandizo poyizoni
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Kuledzeretsa ndizizindikiro zomwe zimadza chifukwa chokhala ndi mankhwala owopsa mthupi, monga mankhwala owonjezera, kulumidwa ndi nyama zakupha, zitsulo zolemera monga lead ndi mercury, kapena kupezeka kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo komanso mankhwala ophera tizilombo.

Kuledzeretsa ndi mtundu wa poyizoni, chifukwa chake, kumatha kuyambitsa magwiridwe antchito am'deralo, monga kufiira komanso kupweteka pakhungu, kapena machitidwe ena wamba, monga kusanza, malungo, thukuta kwambiri, kupweteka, kukomoka komanso, ngakhale ngozi yakufa. Chifukwa chake, pamaso pazizindikiro zomwe zingayambitse kukayikiridwa ndi vutoli, ndikofunikira kwambiri kupita kuchipinda chadzidzidzi mwachangu, kuti chithandizocho chichitike, ndikuchotsa m'mimba, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena mankhwala dokotala.

Mitundu ya poyizoni

Pali mitundu iwiri yayikulu ya poyizoni, monga:

• Kuledzeretsa kwapadera: zimachitika pamene mankhwala oledzeretsa ali m'chilengedwe, amatha kuipitsa kudzera pakumeza, kulumikizana ndi khungu kapena kupumira mlengalenga. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, monga anti-depressants, analgesics, anticonvulsants kapena anxiolytics, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kuluma nyama zakupha, monga njoka kapena chinkhanira, kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso kapena kupuma mankhwala, mwachitsanzo;
• Kuledzera kwamkati: amayamba chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zinthu zoyipa zomwe thupi limatulutsa, monga urea, koma zomwe zimachotsedwa chifukwa cha chiwindi ndi kusefa kudzera mu impso, ndipo zimatha kusungidwa pamene ziwalozi zikusowa.

Kuphatikiza apo, kuledzera kumatha kukhala kovuta, ngati kuyambitsa zizindikiritso atangolumikizana ndi chinthucho, kapena kwanthawi yayitali, pomwe zizindikilo zake zimamveka pambuyo pochulukitsa chinthucho mthupi, chodyedwa kwanthawi yayitali, monga zimachitikira Kuledzera ndi mankhwala monga Digoxin ndi Amplictil, mwachitsanzo, kapena ndi zitsulo, monga lead ndi mercury.

Gastroenteritis, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti poyizoni wazakudya, imachitika chifukwa chakupezeka kwa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, monga mavairasi ndi mabakiteriya, kapena poizoni wawo, muzakudya, makamaka ngati sizisungidwa bwino, zimayambitsa nseru, kusanza ndi kutsekula m'mimba. Kuti mudziwe zambiri za izi, onani momwe mungadziwire ndikuchiza poyizoni wazakudya.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Popeza pali mitundu ingapo ya mankhwala owopsa, pali zizindikilo zosiyanasiyana zomwe zitha kuwonetsa kuledzera, ndipo zina mwazikuluzikulu ndi izi:

• Kuthamanga kapena kuchepa kwa mtima;
• Kuwonjezera kapena kuchepa kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi;
• Kuonjezera kapena kuchepa m'mimba mwake mwa ophunzira;
• Thukuta lamphamvu;
• Kufiira kapena mabala akhungu;
• Zosintha zowoneka, monga kuzimiririka, kusakhazikika kapena kuda;
• Kupuma pang'ono;
• Kusanza;
• Kutsekula m'mimba;
• Kupweteka m'mimba;
• Kupweteka;
• Hallucination ndi delirium;
• Kusunga kwamikodzo ndi chimbudzi kapena kusadziletsa;
• Kuchedwa komanso kuvuta kupanga mayendedwe.

Chifukwa chake, mtundu, mphamvu ndi kuchuluka kwa zizolowezi zakuledzera zimasiyanasiyana kutengera mtundu wa mankhwala owopsa omwe amamwa, kuchuluka ndi thupi la munthu amene adamwa. Kuphatikiza apo, ana ndi okalamba ali ndi vuto la poizoni.

Choyamba thandizo poyizoni

Njira zoyamba zothandizira kuti munthu akaledzere ndi awa:

1. Itanani SAMU 192 nthawi yomweyo, kuti mupemphe thandizo kenako ku Anti-Poison Information Center (CIAVE), kudzera mu nambala 0800 284 4343, kuti alandire upangiri kuchokera kwa akatswiri pomwe thandizo lazachipatala lifika;
2. Chotsani mankhwala owopsa, kutsuka ndi madzi ngati lakhudzana ndi khungu, kapena kusintha chilengedwe ngati lipuma;
3. Sungani wozunzidwayo pamalo owonekera, ukakomoka;
4. Sakani zambiri pazomwe zinayambitsa poyizoni, ngati zingatheke, monga kuyang'ana bokosi lamankhwala, zotengera kapena kupezeka kwa nyama zakupha pafupi, kuti zithandizire azachipatala.

Pewani kumwa zakumwa kuti muzimwa kapena kuyambitsa kusanza, makamaka ngati mankhwala omwe amamwawo sakudziwika, amadzimadzi kapena amawononga, chifukwa izi zitha kukulitsa zovuta zomwe zimapezeka m'matumbo. Kuti mudziwe zambiri pazomwe mungachite mukaledzera kapena poyizoni, onani chithandizo choyamba cha poyizoni.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Chithandizo cha kuledzera chimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ake, ndipo amatha kuyambitsa kale mu ambulansi kapena akafika kuchipatala, ndi gulu lazachipatala, ndipo zimakhudza:

• Kuunika kwa zizindikilo zofunika, monga kuthamanga, kugunda kwa mtima ndi magazi oxygenation, ndi kukhazikika, ndi hydration kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya, mwachitsanzo, ngati kuli kofunikira;
• Dziwani zomwe zimayambitsa kuledzera, kudzera pakuwunika mbiri yazachipatala za wovutidwayo, zizindikiro zake ndikuwunika;
• Kuthetsa, yomwe cholinga chake ndi kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa thupi ndi mankhwala owopsa, kudzera mu njira monga kutsuka kwa m'mimba, kuthirira mchere kudzera mu chubu cha nasogastric, kuyendetsa makala amoto m'matumba am'mimba kuti athandize kuyamwa kwa wothandizira poizoni, kapena kutsuka m'mimba ., Ndi mankhwala ofewetsa tuvi tolimba, monga mannitol;
• Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala, ngati alipo, omwe atha kukhala achindunji pamtundu uliwonse wazinthu. Ena mwa mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi awa:

Kuphatikiza apo, kuti mupewe mtundu uliwonse wa zakumwa zoledzeretsa, ndikofunikira kulabadira zinthu zomwe zingakumane tsiku ndi tsiku, makamaka anthu omwe amagwira ntchito ndi mankhwala, monga m'mafakitole kapena m'minda, ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito Zida zoteteza ndizofunikira.

Makamaka kuyeneranso kuperekedwa kwa ana, omwe ali ndi mwayi wambiri wokumana nawo kapena kumwa mwangozi zakumwa zoledzeretsa komanso kuvutika ndi ngozi zapakhomo. Komanso, onani kuti ndi njira ziti zothandizira pakachitika ngozi zina zapakhomo.