Momwe Matenda A shuga Amakhudzira Akazi: Zizindikiro, Zowopsa, ndi Zambiri

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro za matenda a shuga mwa amayi
• 1. Ukazi ndi yisiti matenda opatsirana yisiti ndi thrush ukazi
• 2. Matenda a mkodzo
• 3. Kulephera kwachiwerewere kwazimayi
• 4. Matenda ovuta a Polycystic
• Zizindikiro mwa amayi ndi abambo
• Mimba ndi mtundu 1 ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga
• Matenda a shuga
• Zowopsa za matenda ashuga mwa amayi
• Chithandizo
• Mankhwala
• Zosintha m'moyo
• Njira zina
• Zovuta
• Chiwonetsero

Matenda a shuga mwa amayi

Matenda ashuga ndi gulu la matenda amadzimadzi omwe munthu amakhala ndi shuga wambiri chifukwa chakuchepetsa kapena kupanga insulin. Matenda ashuga amatha kukhudza anthu amisinkhu iliyonse, mtundu uliwonse, kapena chiwerewere. Zitha kukhudza anthu okhala ndi moyo wamtundu uliwonse.

Pakati pa 1971 ndi 2000, kuchuluka kwaimfa kwa amuna omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga kunatsika, malinga ndi kafukufuku ku Annals of Internal Medicine. Kuchepa kumeneku kumawonetsa kupita patsogolo kwa chithandizo cha matenda ashuga.

Koma kafukufukuyu akuwonetsanso kuchuluka kwa imfa ya azimayi omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga sikunasinthe. Kuphatikiza apo, kusiyana kwamiyeso yakufa pakati pa azimayi omwe anali ndi matenda ashuga ndi omwe sanachulukepo.

Chiwerengero chaimfa chinali chachikulu pakati pa azimayi, koma pakhala kusintha kosiyanasiyana kwa magawidwe amtundu wa 2 shuga omwe akuwonetsa milingo yayikulu mwa amuna.

Zomwe apezazi zikutsindika momwe matenda a shuga amakhudzira amayi ndi abambo mosiyanasiyana. Zifukwa zake zinali izi:

• Amayi nthawi zambiri samalandira chithandizo chankhanza pamitengo ya mtima ndi mikhalidwe yokhudzana ndi matenda ashuga.
• Zina mwa zovuta za matenda ashuga mwa amayi ndizovuta kuzipeza.
• Amayi nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi matenda amitima yosiyanasiyana kusiyana ndi amuna.
• Mahomoni ndi kutupa amachita mosiyana mwa akazi.

Kuchokera mu 2015 anapeza kuti ku United States akazi 11.7 miliyoni ndi amuna 11.3 miliyoni anapezeka ndi matenda a shuga.

Malipoti apadziko lonse lapansi ochokera ku 2014 ndi boma akuti pali anthu pafupifupi 422 miliyoni omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, kuchokera pa 108 miliyoni omwe adanenedwa mu 1980.

Zizindikiro za matenda a shuga mwa amayi

Ngati ndinu mayi yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, mutha kukhala ndi zizindikilo zambiri zofananira ndi abambo. Komabe, zizindikilo zina ndizapadera kwa akazi. Kumvetsetsa zambiri pazizindikirozi kudzakuthandizani kuzindikira matenda ashuga ndikupeza chithandizo msanga.

Zizindikiro zodziwika kwa akazi ndi izi:

1. Ukazi ndi yisiti matenda opatsirana yisiti ndi thrush ukazi

Kukula kwakukulu kwa yisiti chifukwa cha Kandida bowa amatha kuyambitsa matenda a yisiti ukazi, matenda a yisiti am'kamwa, komanso thrush ukazi. Matendawa amapezeka kwa amayi.

Matenda akamayamba m'thupi, zizindikiro zimaphatikizapo:

• kuyabwa
• kupweteka
• ukazi kumaliseche
• kugonana kowawa

Matenda a yisiti pakamwa nthawi zambiri amayambitsa chovala choyera lilime komanso mkamwa. Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumayambitsa kukula kwa bowa.

2. Matenda a mkodzo

Kuopsa kwa matenda opatsirana m'mitsempha (UTI) ndi kwakukulu kwa amayi omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Ma UTI amakula mabakiteriya akamalowa mumkodzo. Matendawa amatha kuyambitsa:

• pokodza kwambiri
• kuyaka
• mkodzo wamagazi kapena wamitambo

Pali chiopsezo chotenga matenda a impso ngati izi sizikuchiritsidwa.

UTIs ndiofala kwa azimayi omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga makamaka chifukwa cha chitetezo chamthupi chomwe chimasokonekera chifukwa cha hyperglycemia.

3. Kulephera kwachiwerewere kwazimayi

Matenda a shuga amayamba ngati shuga wambiri wamagazi awononga ulusi wamitsempha. Izi zitha kuyambitsa kumangika ndi kutaya kumverera m'malo osiyanasiyana a thupi, kuphatikiza:

• manja
• mapazi
• miyendo

Matendawa amathanso kukhudza kumaliseche ndikuchepetsa chidwi chogonana cha mayi.

4. Matenda ovuta a Polycystic

Vutoli limachitika munthu akatulutsa mahomoni achimuna ochulukirapo ndipo amakonda kukhala ndi PCOS. Zizindikiro za matenda a polycystic ovary (PCOS) ndi awa:

• nthawi zosasintha
• kunenepa
• ziphuphu
• kukhumudwa
• osabereka

PCOS ingayambitsenso mtundu wa insulin kukana womwe umapangitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga wamagazi ndikuwonjezera chiopsezo chokhala ndi matenda ashuga.

Zizindikiro mwa amayi ndi abambo

Amuna ndi akazi atha kukhala ndi izi: matenda ashuga osadziwika:

• kuchuluka kwa ludzu ndi njala
• kukodza pafupipafupi
• kuonda kapena kupindula popanda chifukwa chomveka
• kutopa
• kusawona bwino
• mabala omwe amachira pang'onopang'ono
• nseru
• matenda akhungu
• zigamba za khungu lakuda m'malo amthupi omwe amatuluka
• kupsa mtima
• mpweya wokhala ndi fungo lokoma, lobala zipatso, kapena la acetone
• Kuchepetsa kumva m'manja kapena m'miyendo

Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amtundu wa 2 alibe zizindikiro zowonekera.

Mimba ndi mtundu 1 ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga

Amayi ena omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amadzifunsa ngati ali ndi pakati. Nkhani yabwino ndiyakuti mutha kukhala ndi pakati pathupi mutapezeka kuti muli ndi mtundu 1 kapena mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga. Koma ndikofunikira kusamalira matenda anu musanakhale komanso panthawi yoyembekezera kuti mupewe zovuta.

Ngati mukukonzekera kutenga pakati, ndibwino kuti magazi anu azikhala ndi magazi pafupi kwambiri ndi chandamale musanatenge mimba. Magulu anu omwe ali ndi pakati atha kukhala osiyana ndi omwe mulibe pakati.

Ngati muli ndi matenda ashuga ndipo muli ndi pakati kapena mukufuna kukhala ndi pakati, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za njira zabwino zothanirana ndi thanzi lanu komanso la mwana wanu. Mwachitsanzo, kuchuluka kwa magazi m'magazi anu komanso thanzi lanu lonse zimayenera kutsatiridwa musanakhale ndi pakati.

Mukakhala ndi pakati, magazi m'magazi ndi ketoni zimadutsa mu placenta kupita kwa mwana. Ana amafuna mphamvu kuchokera ku shuga monga inu mumachitira. Koma makanda ali pachiwopsezo chazolephera kubadwa ngati milingo yanu ya glucose ndiyokwera kwambiri. Kusamutsa shuga wambiri m'magazi kwa ana osabadwa kumawaika pachiwopsezo cha zinthu monga:

• kuwonongeka kwazidziwitso
• Kuchedwa kwachitukuko
• kuthamanga kwa magazi

Matenda a shuga

Matenda a shuga ndi azimayi apakati komanso osiyana ndi mtundu 1 ndi matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2. Gestational shuga imapezeka pafupifupi 9.2 peresenti ya mimba.

Mahomoni otenga mimba amasokoneza momwe insulin imagwirira ntchito. Izi zimapangitsa kuti thupi lizipanga zambiri. Koma kwa amayi ena, ichi sichabe insulini yokwanira, ndipo amayamba matenda ashuga obereka.

Gestational shuga nthawi zambiri imayamba pambuyo pake. Amayi ambiri, matenda ashuga omwe amatenga msanga amatha pambuyo pathupi. Ngati mwakhala mukudwala matenda ashuga obereka, matenda anu ashuga amtundu wa 2 amakula. Dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni kuyezetsa matenda a shuga ndi ma prediabetes zaka zingapo zilizonse.

Zowopsa za matenda ashuga mwa amayi

Malinga ndi Office on Women's Health (OWH) ku U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, muli pachiwopsezo cha matenda ashuga amtundu wachiwiri ngati:

• ndi akulu kuposa 45
• onenepa kwambiri kapena onenepa kwambiri
• khalani ndi mbiri ya banja la matenda ashuga (kholo kapena m'bale)
• ndi African-American, Native American, Native Alaskan, Hispanic, Asia-American, kapena Native Hawaiian
• ndakhala ndi mwana wobadwa wolemera mapaundi opitilira 9
• ndakhala ndikudwala matenda ashuga
• khalani ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi
• khalani ndi cholesterol yambiri
• kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi osachepera katatu pamlungu
• ali ndi zovuta zina zokhudzana ndi mavuto omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi insulin, monga PCOS
• kukhala ndi mbiri yamatenda amtima kapena stroke

Chithandizo

Magawo onse amoyo, matupi azimayi amapereka zopinga pakuwongolera matenda ashuga ndi shuga m'magazi. Zovuta zitha kuchitika chifukwa:

• Ena mapiritsi olera imatha kuwonjezera magazi m'magazi. Kuti mukhale ndi mulingo woyenera wamagazi, funsani dokotala kuti musinthe mapiritsi oletsa kubereka.
• Glucose m'thupi lanu imatha kuyambitsa matenda a yisiti. Izi ndichifukwa choti glucose imathamanga kukula kwa bowa. Pali mankhwala owonjezera pa-kauntala ndi mankhwala ochizira matenda a yisiti. Mutha kupewa matenda a yisiti poyang'anira bwino shuga wanu wamagazi. Tengani insulini monga mwalembedwera, muzichita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi, muchepetse kudya kwa carb, sankhani zakudya zamagulu ochepa, ndikuwunika shuga wanu wamagazi.

Mutha kuchitapo kanthu popewa kapena kuchedwetsa matenda ashuga, kupewa zovuta, ndikuwongolera zizindikilo.

Mankhwala

Pali mankhwala omwe mungamwe kuti muchepetse zizindikilo ndi zovuta za matenda ashuga. Mitundu yatsopano yamankhwala a shuga ilipo, koma mankhwala omwe amapezeka poyambira ndi awa:

• mankhwala a insulin kwa anthu onse omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba
• metformin (Glucophage), yomwe imachepetsa shuga m'magazi

Zosintha m'moyo

Kusintha kwa moyo kumatha kuthandizira kuthana ndi matenda ashuga. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndikukhalabe ndi thanzi labwino
• kupewa kusuta ndudu
• kudya chakudya choyang'ana zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, ndi mbewu zonse
• kuwunika shuga wanu wamagazi

Njira zina

Amayi omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amatha kuyesa njira zosiyanasiyana kuti athetse matenda awo. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• kutenga zowonjezera monga chromium kapena magnesium
• kudya zambiri broccoli, buckwheat, sage, nandolo, ndi fenugreek mbewu
• kumwa mankhwala owonjezera

Kumbukirani kukaonana ndi dokotala musanayese njira zatsopano. Ngakhale atakhala achilengedwe, amatha kusokoneza chithandizo chamakono kapena mankhwala.

Zovuta

Mavuto osiyanasiyana amayamba chifukwa cha matenda ashuga. Zina mwa zovuta zomwe amayi omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ayenera kudziwa ndi monga:

• Mavuto akudya. Kafukufuku wina akuwonetsa kuti mavuto azakudya amapezeka kwambiri mwa amayi omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga.
• Matenda a mtima. Amayi ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amtundu wa 2 amakhala ndi matenda amtima akawapeza (ngakhale atsikana).
• Mavuto akhungu. Izi zimaphatikizapo matenda a bakiteriya kapena mafangasi.
• Kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha. Izi zitha kubweretsa zopweteka, kufalikira kwa ziwalo, kapena kutaya mtima m'miyendo yomwe yakhudzidwa.
• Kuwonongeka kwa diso. Chizindikiro ichi chingayambitse khungu.
• Kuwonongeka kwa phazi. Ngati sanalandire chithandizo mwachangu, izi zitha kupangitsa kuti adulidwe.

Chiwonetsero

Palibe mankhwala a matenda ashuga. Mukapezeka kuti muli ndi matendawa, mutha kusamalira zizindikiro zanu zokha.

Zomwe zidapezeka kuti azimayi omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga ali pachiwopsezo chofa 40% chifukwa cha matendawa.

Kafukufukuyu adapezanso kuti omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba amakhala ndi ziyembekezo zochepa za moyo kuposa anthu onse. Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amtundu wa 1 amatha kuwona kutalika kwa moyo wawo kutsika zaka 20, ndipo omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga achiwiri amatha kuwona kuti atsika ndi zaka 10.

Mankhwala osiyanasiyana, kusintha kwa moyo, ndi njira zina zothandizira zitha kuthandizira kuthana ndi zizolowezi komanso kukhala ndi thanzi labwino. Funsani dokotala musanayambe mankhwala atsopano, ngakhale mukuganiza kuti ali otetezeka.

Werengani nkhaniyi m'Chisipanishi.