Kodi thoracentesis ndi chiyani, ndichiyani ndipo chimachitidwa motani?

Zamkati

• Ndi chiyani
• Momwe zimachitikira
• Zovuta zotheka
• Zotsutsana

Thoracentesis ndi njira yochitidwa ndi dokotala kuti achotse madzimadzi pamalo opembedzera, omwe ndi gawo pakati pa nembanemba yomwe imakwirira mapapo ndi nthiti. Madzimadziwa amatengedwa ndikutumizidwa ku labotale kuti akazindikire matenda aliwonse, koma amathandizanso kuthana ndi zisonyezo, monga kupuma movutikira komanso kupweteka pachifuwa, komwe kumachitika chifukwa chakuchulukana kwamadzi m'malo opembedzera.

Nthawi zambiri, ndimachitidwe achangu ndipo sichifuna nthawi yambiri kuti achire, koma nthawi zina kufiira, kupweteka komanso kutuluka kwa zakumwa kumatha kuchitika komwe singano idalowetsedwa, ndipo ndikofunikira kudziwitsa adotolo.

Ndi chiyani

Thoracentesis, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti drainage drainage, imawonetsedwa kuti ichepetse zizindikiro monga kupweteka mukamapuma kapena kupuma pang'ono chifukwa cha vuto lamapapu. Komabe, njirayi imatha kuwunikidwanso kuti ifufuze zomwe zimapangitsa madzi kukhala m'malo opembedzera.

Kusungunuka kwamadzimadzi kunja kwa mapapo kumatchedwa pleural effusion ndipo kumachitika chifukwa cha matenda ena, monga:

• Kulephera kwa mtima;
• Matenda a ma virus, bacteria kapena bowa;
• Khansa ya m'mapapo;
• Magazi kuundana m'mapapu;
• Zokhudza lupus erythematosus;
• Chifuwa chachikulu;
• Chibayo chachikulu;
• Zomwe zimachitika ndi mankhwala.

Dokotala wamba kapena pulmonologist amatha kuzindikira kupindika kwapadera kudzera pamayeso monga X-rays, computed tomography kapena ultrasound ndipo atha kuwonetsa momwe thoracentesis imagwirira ntchito pazifukwa zina, monga biopsy of the pleura.

Momwe zimachitikira

Thoracentesis ndi njira yochitidwira kuchipatala kapena kuchipatala ndi dokotala, pulmonologist kapena dotolo wamkulu. Pakadali pano, kugwiritsa ntchito ultrasound kumawonetsedwa panthawi ya thoracentesis, chifukwa mwanjira imeneyi adotolo amadziwa komwe madzi amadzipezera, koma m'malo omwe kugwiritsa ntchito ultrasound sikupezeka, adotolo amatsogoleredwa ndi mayeso azithunzi omwe adachitika kale njirayi, monga X-ray kapena tomography.

Thoracentesis nthawi zambiri imachitika mphindi 10 mpaka 15, koma zimatha kutenga nthawi yayitali ngati pali madzi ambiri m'malo opembedzera. Njira zake ndi izi:

1. Chotsani zodzikongoletsera ndi zinthu zina ndipo muvale zovala zachipatala ndikutsegula kumbuyo;
2. Zipangizo zidzaikidwa kuti ziyeza kugunda kwa mtima ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, komanso oyamwitsa azitha kuyika chubu champhongo kapena chigoba kuti zitsimikizire mpweya wambiri m'mapapu;
3. Kukhala pansi kapena kugona m'mphepete mwa machira ndi mikono yanu mutakweza m'mwamba, chifukwa malowa amathandiza adotolo kuzindikira malo omwe ali pakati pa nthiti, ndipomwe adzaikemo singano;
4. Khungu limatsukidwa ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo komanso mankhwala oletsa dzanzi amagwiritsidwa ntchito pomwe dokotala adzapyoza ndi singano;
5. Anesthesia itayamba kugwira ntchito pamalopo, adokotala amalowetsa singano ndikuchotsa madziwo pang'onopang'ono;
6. Madzi akachotsedwa, singano imachotsedwa ndikuikapo kavalidwe.

Ndondomekoyo ikangomaliza, mtundu wamadzi amatumizidwa ku labotale ndipo X-ray imatha kuchitidwa kuti dokotala awone mapapo.

Kuchuluka kwa madzimadzi otayika panthawiyi kumadalira matendawa, ndipo nthawi zina, adokotala amatha kuyika chubu kuti atulutse madzi ambiri, otchedwa kuda. Phunzirani zambiri pazakudya ndi chisamaliro chofunikira.

Ndondomeko isanathe, pali zizindikiro zakutuluka magazi kapena kutuluka kwa madzi. Ngati palibe izi, dokotala adzakutulutsani kunyumba, komabe m'pofunika kuchenjeza ngati malungo ali pamwamba pa 38 ° C, kufiira pamalo pomwe singano idalowetsedwa, ngati pali magazi kapena madzi, kufupika kwa kupuma kapena kupweteka pachifuwa.

Nthawi zambiri, palibe zoletsa pazakudya kunyumba ndipo adotolo amatha kufunsa kuti zochitika zina zakuthupi ziziyimitsidwa.

Zovuta zotheka

Thoracentesis ndi njira yotetezeka, makamaka ikamachitika mothandizidwa ndi ultrasound, koma zovuta zina zimatha kuchitika ndikusiyanasiyana malinga ndi thanzi la munthu komanso mtundu wa matenda.

Zovuta zazikulu zamtunduwu zitha kukhala kutuluka magazi, matenda, edema ya m'mapapo kapena pneumothorax. Zitha kuchitika kuwononga chiwindi kapena ndulu, koma izi ndizochepa kwambiri.

Kuphatikiza apo, pambuyo pa ndondomekoyi, kupweteka pachifuwa, chifuwa chouma komanso kumva kutha kumatha kuwoneka, motero nthawi zonse kumakhala kofunika kulumikizana ndi dokotala yemwe adachita thoracentesis.

Zotsutsana

Thoracentesis ndi njira yomwe ingachitike kwa anthu ambiri, koma nthawi zina imatha kutsutsana, monga kukhala ndi mavuto okutseka magazi kapena kutuluka magazi.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kudziwitsa adotolo kuti mukayesedwa ngati muli ndi pakati, ziwengo za lalabala kapena mankhwala oletsa ululu kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa magazi. Mmodzi ayeneranso kutsatira malingaliro omwe adokotala adapereka asanachitike, monga kusiya kumwa mankhwala, kusala kudya ndikuyesa kuyerekezera kwa thoracentesis.