Kodi chithandizo cha khansa yapakhungu ndi chotani

Zamkati

• 1. Khansa ya khansa ya pakhungu
• 2. Khansa yopanda khansa ya khansa
• Zizindikiro zakusintha ndikuipiraipira

Chithandizo cha khansa yapakhungu chikuyenera kuwonetsedwa ndi oncologist kapena dermatologist ndipo chikuyenera kuyambitsidwa mwachangu, kuti chiwonjezere mwayi wakuchira. Chifukwa chake, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti nthawi zonse tizindikire zosintha pakhungu, zomwe zitha kuwonetsa mawonekedwe a khansa.

Kutengera mtundu wa khansa, mtundu wa khansa, kukula ndi mkhalidwe wa munthu, mitundu ingapo yamankhwala ingalimbikitsidwe:

1. Khansa ya khansa ya pakhungu

Khansa yapakhungu yamtundu wa khansa ya khansa imadziwika ndikupezeka kwa malo amodzi kapena angapo akuda pakhungu lomwe limakula pakapita nthawi ndipo mawonekedwe ake asintha. Pofuna kuchiza khansa yoyipa yamtunduwu, nthawi zonse kumakhala kofunika kulandira radiotherapy ndi chemotherapy mukatha opaleshoni, chifukwa khansa yamtunduwu imakula kwambiri ndipo imatha kukhudza ziwalo zina mwachangu.

Chithandizo choyambirira cha khansa ya khansa chimachitika pochotsa khansa pachilonda kenako chemotherapy kapena radiotherapy itha kuchitidwa, malinga ndi zomwe dokotala ananena. Mu chemotherapy, mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito molunjika pamitsempha kuti athetse ma cell a khansa omwe sanachotsedwe pakuchita opaleshoni. Pankhani ya radiotherapy, ma X-ray amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakhungu kuti athetse zotupa zomwe zatsala.

Njira ina yothandizira khansa yapakhungu ya khansa ya khansa ya khansa ya khansa ya khansa ya khansa ya khansa ya khansa ya khansa ya khansa ya khansa ya khansa ya khansa ya khansa yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi dokotala ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, monga Vemurafenib, Nivolumab kapena Ipilimumab, omwe amathandiza kulimbitsa chitetezo cha mthupi kuti athe kuthana ndi maselo ambiri a khansa.

Melanoma ndiye khansa yapakhungu yoopsa kwambiri, chifukwa chake, sizotheka nthawi zonse kupeza mankhwala, makamaka ngati chotupacho chimadziwika kwambiri. Komabe, mukazindikira koyambirira, chithandizo chitha kukhala chothandiza kwambiri. Ngakhale chithandizo sichikupezeka, chithandizo ndikwanira kuti muchepetse zizindikilo ndikuwonjezera chiyembekezo cha moyo wa odwala.

2. Khansa yopanda khansa ya khansa

Khansa yapakhungu yamtundu wa melanoma imatha kuzindikirika ngati chotupa chaching'ono kapena chotupa pakhungu lofiira, lofiira kapena pinki, lomwe limakula msanga ndikupanga kondomu, ndipo limatha kutsagana ndi kutulutsa katulutsidwe ndi kuyabwa. Khansa yapakhungu yomwe siifa khansa ya khansa nthawi yayitali ndimaselo oyambira komanso osavuta kuchiritsa.

Chithandizo cha khansa yamtunduwu chimachitika, nthawi zambiri, kokha ndi maopareshoni omwe, kutengera momwe munthuyo alili, gawo lazidziwitso za khansa ndi mtundu, adotolo atha kuwonetsa:

• Mohs opaleshoni yaying'ono: imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pa khansa yapakhungu pankhope, chifukwa imapangidwa kuti ichotse khungu locheperako kuti ichotse ma cell onse a khansa. Mwanjira imeneyi ndizotheka kupewa kuchotsa minofu yambiri yathanzi ndikusiya zipsera zakuya kwambiri;
• Opaleshoni yochotsa mosavuta: ndi mtundu wa opareshoni womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, momwe zilonda zonse zoyambitsidwa ndi khansa ndi zina mwazinyama zathanzi zimachotsedwa;
• Njira zamagetsi: Chotupacho chimachotsedwa ndiyeno mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuletsa kutuluka kwa magazi ndikuchotsa maselo ena a khansa omwe mwina adatsalira pakhungu;
• Kuchiza opaleshoni: imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati carcinoma in situ, momwe chotupacho chimafotokozedwera bwino, ndipo ndizotheka kuyiziziritsa mpaka maselo owopsa atachotsedwa.

Komabe, ngati khansara ili patali kwambiri, mwina pangafunikirebe kulandira mankhwala a chemotherapy kapena mankhwala a radiation kwa milungu ingapo kuti athetse khungu la khansa lomwe silinachotsedwe pa opaleshoniyi.

Zizindikiro zakusintha ndikuipiraipira

Kuchepa kwa zilonda komanso kusapezeka kwa zilonda zatsopano zikusonyeza kuti mankhwalawa anali othandiza, chifukwa chake, ndiye kuti chizindikiro cha kusintha kwa khansa, chofala kwambiri nthawi yomwe khansa imadziwika ndikuchiritsidwa koyambirira. Dziwani momwe mungadziwire zizindikiro za khansa yapakhungu.

Kumbali ina, ngati chithandizo sichinayambike munthawi yake kapena chafika patali kwambiri, zizindikiro zakukulira zimawonekera mosavuta, kuthekera kwa zotupa zatsopano pakhungu, kupweteka pamalopo ndi kutopa kwambiri, mwachitsanzo.