Chithandizo cha khansa yapakamwa

Zamkati

• 1. Momwe opaleshoniyi imachitikira
• 2. Momwe chandamale chithandizo chimagwirira ntchito
• 3. Pamene chemotherapy ikufunika
• 4. Nthawi yomwe mumalandira radiotherapy

Chithandizo cha khansa pakamwa chitha kuchitika kudzera mu opareshoni, chemotherapy, chithandizo cha radiation kapena chithandizo chofunikira, kutengera komwe kuli chotupacho, kuopsa kwa matendawa komanso ngati khansayo yafalikira kale mbali zina za thupi.

Mwayi wochiza khansa yamtunduwu umakulirakulira mwachangu. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kudziwa zizindikilo zomwe zitha kuwonetsa khansa yapakamwa, monga:

• Zilonda kapena kuzizira pakamwa zomwe sizichiritsa;
• Mawanga oyera kapena ofiira mkamwa;
• Kutuluka kwa malirime m'khosi.

Akapezeka, dokotala kapena dokotala ayenera kufunsidwa kuti adziwe vuto lomwe lingayambitse zizindikilozo ndikuyamba chithandizo mwachangu. Milandu ya khansa mkamwa imapezeka pafupipafupi kwa anthu omwe ali ndi mbiri yakubadwa kwa matendawa, kugwiritsa ntchito ndudu kapena machitidwe obwerezabwereza ogonana mkamwa mosadziteteza ndi anzawo angapo.

Phunzirani zina mwazizindikiro ndi momwe mungadziwire khansa yamkamwa

1. Momwe opaleshoniyi imachitikira

Kuchita opaleshoni ya khansa yapakamwa kumafuna kuchotsa chotupacho kuti chisakulire kukula, kapena kufalikira ku ziwalo zina. Nthawi zambiri, chotupacho chimakhala chaching'ono, chifukwa chake, kumangofunika kuchotsa chidutswa cha chingamu, komabe, pali njira zingapo zochotsera khansa, kutengera komwe kuli chotupacho:

• Glossectomy: Amakhala ndi kuchotsedwa kwa gawo kapena lilime lonse, khansa ikapezeka mthupi lino;
• Makhalidwe Abwino: zimachitika ndikuchotsa zonse kapena gawo la chibwano cha fupa, chomwe chimachitika pomwe chotupacho chimayamba mu fupa la nsagwada;
• Kuthamangitsidwa: khansa ikayamba kutuluka pakamwa, m'pofunika kuchotsa fupa pachibwano;
• Laryngectomy: Amakhala ndi kuchotsedwa kwa kholingo khansa ikakhala m'chiwalo ichi kapena ikafalikira pamenepo.

Nthawi zambiri, atachita opareshoni, pamafunika kumanganso dera lomwe lakhudzidwa kuti ntchito zake zizikhala bwino komanso zokongoletsa, pogwiritsa ntchito, minofu kapena mafupa ochokera mbali zina za thupi. Kuchira kuchokera ku opaleshoni kumasiyanasiyana malinga ndi munthu, koma zimatha kutenga chaka chimodzi.

Ngakhale ndizosowa, zovuta zina zoyambitsidwa ndi khansa yapakamwa zimaphatikizaponso zovuta kuyankhula, kumeza kapena kupuma ndikusintha zodzikongoletsera kumaso, kutengera malo omwe adalandira.

2. Momwe chandamale chithandizo chimagwirira ntchito

Chithandizo chomwe akuyembekeza chimagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala othandizira chitetezo cha mthupi kuti chizindikiritse ndikumenya ma cell a khansa, osakhudza kwenikweni maselo amthupi.

Njira yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa ndi Cetuximab, yomwe imalepheretsa kukula kwa maselo a khansa ndikuwalepheretsa kufalikira mthupi. Mankhwalawa amatha kuphatikizidwa ndi radiotherapy kapena chemotherapy, kuti awonjezere mwayi wochiritsidwa.

Zotsatira zoyipa za chithandizo cha khansa yapakamwa pakakhala zovuta, kupuma movutikira, kuthamanga kwa magazi, ziphuphu, malungo kapena kutsegula m'mimba, mwachitsanzo.

3. Pamene chemotherapy ikufunika

Chemotherapy nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito asanachite opaleshoni kuti muchepetse kukula kwa chotupacho, kapena pambuyo pake, kuti muchepetse maselo omaliza a khansa. Komabe, itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati pali ma metastases, kuyesa kuwachotsa ndikuwongolera chithandizo ndi njira zina.

Chithandizo chamtunduwu chitha kuchitidwa ndikumwa mapiritsi, kunyumba, kapena mankhwala omwe adayikidwa mwachindunji mumtsinje, mchipatala. Mankhwalawa, monga Cisplatin, 5-FU, Carboplatin kapena Docetaxel, ali ndi ntchito yochotsa maselo onse omwe akukula mwachangu kwambiri, chifukwa chake, kuphatikiza pa khansa amathanso kulimbana ndi maselo amtsitsi ndi misomali, mwachitsanzo.

Chifukwa chake, zovuta zoyipa kwambiri za chemotherapy ndi monga:

• Kutaya tsitsi;
• Kutupa pakamwa;
• Kutaya njala;
• Nseru kapena kusanza;
• Kutsekula m'mimba;
• Kuchulukitsa kuthekera kwa matenda;
• Kumva minofu ndi kupweteka.

Kukula kwa zovuta zimadalira mankhwala omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kuchuluka kwake, koma nthawi zambiri amatha patangopita masiku ochepa mutalandira chithandizo.

4. Nthawi yomwe mumalandira radiotherapy

Radiotherapy ya khansa yam'kamwa imafanana ndi chemotherapy, koma imagwiritsa ntchito radiation kuti iwononge kapena ichepetse kukula kwa maselo onse mkamwa, ndipo itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito payokha kapena kuphatikizidwa ndi chemotherapy kapena mankhwala omwe akufuna.

Mankhwala a radiation mu khansa yapakamwa ndi oropharyngeal imagwiritsidwa ntchito kunja, pogwiritsa ntchito makina omwe amatulutsa ma radiation pakamwa, ndipo amayenera kuchitidwa kasanu pamlungu kwa milungu ingapo kapena miyezi ingapo.

Mwa kuwononga maselo angapo mkamwa, chithandizochi chimatha kuyaka pakhungu pomwe ma radiation amagwiritsidwa ntchito, kuuma, kutaya kulawa, kufiira komanso kuyabwa pakhosi kapena mawonekedwe azilonda mkamwa, mwachitsanzo.