Kumvetsetsa Matenda A shuga Awiri

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro za mtundu wa 2 shuga
• Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2
• Chithandizo cha matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2
• Mankhwala amtundu wa 2 shuga
• Zakudya zamtundu wa 2 shuga
• Zakudya ndi zakumwa zoti mupewe
• Zakudya zoti musankhe
• Mfundo yofunika
• Zowopsa za mtundu wa 2 shuga
• Kulandila mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga
• Malangizo a momwe mungapewere matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2
• Zakudya
• Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi
• Kusamalira kunenepa
• Mfundo yofunika
• Zovuta zomwe zimakhudzana ndi matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2
• Matenda osokoneza bongo
• Matenda a hyperglycemia
• Zovuta panthawi yoyembekezera komanso pambuyo pathupi
• Mfundo yofunika
• Type 2 shuga mwa ana
• Ziwerengero za mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga
• Kusamalira mtundu wa 2 shuga

Mu Meyi 2020, adalimbikitsa kuti ena opanga metformin awonjezere kutulutsa ena mwa mapiritsi awo kumsika waku US. Izi ndichifukwa choti mulingo wosavomerezeka wa khansa yotenga khansa (wothandizira khansa) udapezeka m'mapiritsi ena a metformin. Ngati mukumwa mankhwalawa, itanani woyang'anira zaumoyo wanu. Adzakulangizani ngati mupitiliza kumwa mankhwala anu kapena ngati mukufuna mankhwala atsopano.

Matenda ashuga ndi matenda osachiritsika momwe shuga, kapena shuga, imakhazikika m'magazi anu. Mahomoni a insulini amathandiza kusuntha shuga m'magazi anu kupita m'maselo anu, kumene amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mphamvu.

Mu mtundu wa 2 shuga, maselo amthupi lanu sangathe kuyankha insulini monga momwe amayenera. M'magawo amtsogolo a matendawa, thupi lanu mwina silimatulutsa insulin yokwanira.

Matenda osadukiza amtundu wa 2 amatha kupangitsa kuti magazi azikhala ndi shuga wambiri, zomwe zimayambitsa zizindikilo zingapo ndipo zimatha kubweretsa zovuta zina.

Zizindikiro za mtundu wa 2 shuga

Mu mtundu wa 2 shuga, thupi lanu silitha kugwiritsa ntchito insulini bwino kuti libweretse shuga m'maselo anu. Izi zimapangitsa thupi lanu kudalira magwero ena amagetsi m'matumba anu, minofu yanu, ndi ziwalo zanu. Izi ndizomwe zimachitika zomwe zingayambitse zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana.

Mtundu wa shuga 2 ukhoza kuyamba pang'onopang'ono. Zizindikiro zake zimakhala zofatsa komanso zosavuta kuzitsutsa poyamba. Zizindikiro zoyambirira zimatha kuphatikiza:

• njala yosalekeza
• kusowa mphamvu
• kutopa
• kuonda
• ludzu lokwanira
• kukodza pafupipafupi
• pakamwa pouma
• khungu loyabwa
• kusawona bwino

Matendawa akamakula, zizindikirazo zimakhala zowopsa komanso zowopsa.

Ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi anu kwakhala kwanthawi yayitali, zizindikilozo zimatha kuphatikiza:

• matenda a yisiti
• kudula pang'onopang'ono kapena zilonda
• zigamba zakuda pakhungu lanu, matenda omwe amadziwika kuti acanthosis nigricans
• kupweteka phazi
• kumva kufooka kumapeto kwanu, kapena matenda amitsempha

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro ziwiri kapena zingapo, muyenera kukaonana ndi dokotala. Popanda chithandizo, matenda ashuga amatha kupha munthu. Dziwani zisonyezo zina za mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2

Insulini ndimadzi omwe amapezeka mwachilengedwe. Mphuno zanu zimatulutsa ndikumamasula mukamadya. Insulini imathandizira kunyamula shuga kuchokera m'magazi anu kupita m'maselo mthupi lanu lonse, momwe amagwiritsira ntchito mphamvu.

Ngati muli ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri, thupi lanu limagonjetsedwa ndi insulin. Thupi lanu siligwiritsanso ntchito mahomoni mwaluso. Izi zimapangitsa kuti kapamba wanu azigwira ntchito molimbika kuti apange insulin yambiri.

Popita nthawi, izi zitha kuwononga maselo m'matumba anu. Pomaliza, kapamba wanu sangathe kutulutsa insulin.

Ngati simutulutsa insulini yokwanira kapena ngati thupi lanu siligwiritsa ntchito bwino, shuga imakhazikika m'magazi anu. Izi zimasiya maselo amthupi lanu akumva njala ya mphamvu. Madokotala sakudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa izi.

Zitha kukhala zokhudzana ndi kusokonekera kwa maselo m'matumba kapenanso kuwonetsa maselo ndikuwongolera. Kwa anthu ena, chiwindi chimatulutsa shuga wambiri. Pakhoza kukhala chibadwa chomwe chingayambitse matenda amtundu wa 2.

Pali zowonekeratu kuti chibadwa chimapangitsa kunenepa kwambiri, komwe kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha insulin kukana komanso matenda ashuga. Pakhoza kukhalanso choyambitsa chilengedwe.

Zowonjezera, ndizophatikiza pazinthu zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda amtundu wa 2. Dziwani zambiri pazomwe zimayambitsa matenda ashuga.

Chithandizo cha matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2

Mutha kusamalira matenda amtundu wa 2. Dokotala wanu angakuuzeni kuchuluka kwa magazi omwe muyenera kuwunika m'magazi anu. Cholinga ndikukhala munthawi inayake.

Tsatirani malangizo awa kuti muchepetse matenda amtundu wa 2:

• Phatikizani zakudya zokhala ndi michere yambiri komanso chakudya chamagulu azakudya zanu. Kudya zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, ndi mbewu zonse kumathandiza kuti magazi azisungunuka m'magazi.
• Idyani pafupipafupi
• Idyani pokhapokha mutakhuta.
• Chepetsani kulemera kwanu ndikuti mtima wanu ukhale wathanzi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti musachepetse chakudya, maswiti, ndi mafuta azinyama.
• Pezani pafupifupi theka la ola la masewera olimbitsa thupi tsiku lililonse kuti muthandize mtima wanu kukhala wathanzi. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumathandizanso kuchepetsa magazi m'magazi.

Dokotala wanu akufotokozera momwe mungazindikire zizindikiro zoyambirira za shuga wamagazi zomwe ndizokwera kwambiri kapena zochepa kwambiri komanso zoyenera kuchita pazochitika zilizonse. Adzakuthandizaninso kudziwa kuti ndi zakudya ziti zomwe zili zathanzi komanso zomwe sizili.

Sikuti aliyense amene ali ndi matenda a shuga amtundu wa 2 amafunika kugwiritsa ntchito insulin. Ngati mukutero, ndichifukwa chakuti kapamba wanu sakupanga insulini yokwanira yokha. Ndikofunikira kuti mutenge insulini monga momwe mwalangizira. Palinso mankhwala ena omwe mungathandizenso.

Mankhwala amtundu wa 2 shuga

Nthawi zina, kusintha kwa moyo kumakwanira kuti mtundu wachiwiri wa matendawa uwayang'anire. Ngati sichoncho, pali mankhwala angapo omwe angathandize. Ena mwa mankhwalawa ndi awa:

• metformin, yomwe imatha kutsitsa magazi m'magazi anu ndikuwongolera momwe thupi lanu limayankhira insulini - ndi mankhwala omwe amakonda kwa anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amtundu wachiwiri
• sulfonylureas, omwe ndi mankhwala akumwa omwe amathandiza thupi lanu kupanga insulin yambiri
• meglitinides, omwe amachita mwachangu, mankhwala akanthawi kochepa omwe amachititsa kuti kapamba wanu atulutse insulini yambiri
• thiazolidinediones, zomwe zimapangitsa thupi lanu kumvetsetsa insulin
• dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, omwe ndi mankhwala ofatsa omwe amathandiza kuchepetsa magazi m'magazi
• glucagon ngati peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, yomwe imachedwetsa chimbudzi ndikuwonjezera magazi m'magazi
• sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, yomwe imathandiza kuti impso zisabwezeretsenso shuga m'magazi ndikuwatumizira mkodzo wanu

Aliyense wa mankhwalawa amatha kuyambitsa mavuto. Zingatenge nthawi kuti mupeze mankhwala abwino kapena kuphatikiza mankhwala ochizira matenda anu ashuga.

Ngati kuthamanga kwa magazi kapena mafuta m'thupi lanu ndi vuto, mungafunikire mankhwala kuti muthane ndi zosowazo.

Ngati thupi lanu silingathe kupanga insulin yokwanira, mungafunike mankhwala a insulin. Mutha kungofunika jakisoni wautali womwe mungatenge usiku, kapena mungafunike kumwa insulin kangapo patsiku. Phunzirani za mankhwala ena omwe angakuthandizeni kuthana ndi matenda ashuga.

Zakudya zamtundu wa 2 shuga

Zakudya ndi chida chofunikira kwambiri kuti mtima wanu ukhale wathanzi komanso magazi m'magazi anu azikhala otetezeka komanso athanzi. Sichiyenera kukhala chovuta kapena chosasangalatsa.

Zakudya zomwe anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri amadya ndizofanana ndi zomwe aliyense ayenera kutsatira. Zimatengera zinthu zingapo zofunika:

• Idyani chakudya ndi zokhwasula-khwasula panthawi yake.
• Sankhani zakudya zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimakhala ndi michere yambiri komanso mafuta ochepa.
• Samalani kuti musadye mopitirira muyeso.
• Werengani zolemba za chakudya pafupi.

Zakudya ndi zakumwa zoti mupewe

Pali zakudya ndi zakumwa zina zomwe muyenera kuchepetsa kapena kuzipewa kwathunthu. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• zakudya zolemetsa mafuta odzaza kapena opitilira muyeso
• nyama zanyama, monga ng'ombe kapena chiwindi
• nyama zosinthidwa
• nkhono
• margarine ndi kufupikitsa
• zinthu zophika monga mkate woyera, bagels
• zokhwasula-khwasula
• zakumwa zotsekemera, kuphatikizapo timadziti ta zipatso
• mkaka wa mafuta ambiri
• pasitala kapena mpunga woyera

Timalimbikitsanso kudya zakudya zamchere ndi zakudya zokazinga. Onani mndandanda wazakudya ndi zakumwa zina kuti mupewe ngati muli ndi matenda ashuga.

Zakudya zoti musankhe

Zakudya zabwino zitha kukupatsani fiber. Zosankhazo ndi monga:

• zipatso zonse
• masamba osakhula
• nyemba, monga nyemba
• mbewu zonse monga oats kapena quinoa
• mbatata

Chakudya chokhala ndi omega-3 fatty acids wathanzi chimaphatikizapo:

• nsomba
• sardines
• Salimoni
• nsomba ya makerele
• nsomba yam'nyanja yamchere
• kodula
• mbewu za fulakesi

Mutha kupeza mafuta a monounsaturated and polyunsaturated kuchokera kuzakudya zingapo, kuphatikiza:

• mafuta, monga mafuta a maolivi, mafuta a canola, ndi mafuta a chiponde
• mtedza, monga amondi, pecans, ndi walnuts
• mapeyala

Ngakhale zosankha izi zamafuta athanzi ndizabwino kwa inu, zilinso ndi ma calories ambiri. Kudziletsa ndikofunika. Kusankha mkaka wopanda mafuta kumathandizanso kuti muzidya mafuta. Dziwani zakudya zambiri zodwala matenda ashuga, kuyambira sinamoni mpaka ma shirataki.

Mfundo yofunika

Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za zakudya zanu komanso zolinga zanu. Pamodzi, mutha kupanga dongosolo lazakudya lomwe limakoma kwambiri ndikugwirizana ndi zosowa zanu pamoyo. Onani kuwerengera kwa carb ndi zakudya za Mediterranean, komanso njira zina, apa.

Zowopsa za mtundu wa 2 shuga

Sitingamvetsetse zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga amtundu wachiwiri, koma tikudziwa kuti zinthu zina zimatha kukuika pachiwopsezo chachikulu.

Zina mwazinthu zomwe simungathe kuzilamulira:

• Chiwopsezo chanu chimakhala chachikulu ngati muli ndi mchimwene, mlongo, kapena kholo yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2.
• Mutha kukhala ndi matenda a shuga amtundu wachiwiri msinkhu uliwonse, koma chiopsezo chanu chimakula mukamakula. Chiwopsezo chanu chimakhala chachikulu kwambiri mukafika zaka 45.
• Anthu aku Africa-America, Puerto Rico-America, Asia-America, Pacific Islanders, ndi Native American (Amwenye aku America ndi Alaska Natives) ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu kuposa aku Caucasus.
• Azimayi omwe ali ndi vuto lotchedwa polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu.

Mutha kusintha izi:

• Kukhala wonenepa kwambiri kumatanthauza kuti muli ndi minofu yambiri yamafuta, yomwe imapangitsa kuti maselo anu azitha kulimbana ndi insulini. Mafuta owonjezera m'mimba amakulitsa chiopsezo chanu kuposa mafuta owonjezera m'chiuno ndi ntchafu.
• Chiwopsezo chanu chimawonjezeka ngati mumangokhala. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi kumagwiritsa ntchito shuga ndipo kumathandiza maselo anu kuyankha bwino ku insulin.
• Kudya zakudya zopanda pake zambiri kapena kudya kwambiri kumawononga magazi anu m'magazi.

Mulinso pachiwopsezo chachikulu ngati mwadwala matenda ashuga kapena ma prediabetes, zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga. Phunzirani zambiri pazomwe zingapangitse kuti mukhale ndi matenda ashuga.

Kulandila mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga

Kaya muli ndi prediabetes kapena ayi, muyenera kupita kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za matenda ashuga. Dokotala wanu amatha kudziwa zambiri kuchokera kumagazi. Kuyezetsa matenda kungaphatikizepo izi:

• Mayeso a Hemoglobin A1C. Kuyesaku kumayeza kuchuluka kwa magazi m'magazi kwa miyezi iwiri kapena itatu yapitayo. Simufunikanso kusala kudya kukayezetsa, ndipo adotolo angakudziwitseni kutengera zotsatira. Amatchedwanso kuti glycosylated hemoglobin test.
• Kusala kuyezetsa magazi m'magazi. Mayesowa amayesa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'madzi anu am'magazi. Mungafunike kusala kudya kwa maola asanu ndi atatu musanakhale nawo.
• Mayeso olekerera pakamwa. Pakuyesa uku, magazi anu amakoka katatu: kale, ola limodzi, komanso maola awiri mutamwa mowa. Zotsatira zoyeserera zikuwonetsa momwe thupi lanu limagwirira ntchito shuga musanamwe kapena mutamwa.

Ngati muli ndi matenda ashuga, adokotala amakupatsani zambiri zamomwe mungathetsere matendawa, kuphatikiza:

• momwe mungayang'anire misinkhu ya shuga wamagazi panokha
• malangizo odyera
• malingaliro olimbitsa thupi
• zambiri zamankhwala omwe mukufuna

Muyenera kukaonana ndi katswiri wazamaphunziro yemwe amathandizira kuchiza matenda ashuga. Muyenera kuti mukachezere dokotala nthawi zambiri poyamba kuti muwonetsetse kuti mapulani anu akugwira ntchito.

Ngati mulibe kale endocrinologist, chida cha Healthline FindCare chingakuthandizeni kupeza dokotala mdera lanu.

Kuzindikira msanga ndikofunikira pakuwongolera bwino matenda ashuga. Pezani zambiri za momwe matenda a shuga amtundu wachiwiri amapezeka.

Malangizo a momwe mungapewere matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2

Simungapewe matenda a shuga amtundu wa 2 nthawi zonse. Palibe chomwe mungachite pokhudzana ndi chibadwa chanu, mtundu wanu, kapena zaka zanu.

Komabe, kusintha pang'ono kwa moyo kungathandize kuchepetsa kapena kulepheretsa kuyambika kwa matenda amtundu wa 2, ngakhale muli ndi matenda ashuga monga ma prediabetes.

Zakudya

Zakudya zanu ziyenera kuchepetsa shuga ndi chakudya choyengedwa bwino ndikuyika m'malo mwa mbewu zotsika za glycemic, chakudya, ndi fiber. Nyama yotsamira, nkhuku, kapena nsomba zimapereka mapuloteni. Mufunanso omega-3 fatty acids wathanzi kuchokera ku mitundu ina ya nsomba, mafuta a monounsaturated, ndi mafuta a polyunsaturated. Zakudya za mkaka ziyenera kukhala ndi mafuta ochepa.

Sizinthu zomwe mumadya zokha, komanso kuchuluka kwa zomwe mumadya ndizofunika. Muyenera kusamala za kukula kwa magawo ndikuyesera kudya chakudya nthawi yofananira tsiku lililonse.

Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi

Mtundu wa 2 shuga umalumikizidwa ndi kusachita kanthu. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwa mphindi 30 tsiku lililonse kumatha kukhala ndi thanzi labwino. Yesetsani kuwonjezera kuyenda kwina tsiku lonse, nanunso.

Kusamalira kunenepa

Mutha kukhala ndi matenda amtundu wachiwiri ngati muli onenepa kwambiri. Kudya chakudya chopatsa thanzi, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi tsiku lililonse kuyenera kukuthandizani kuti muchepetse thupi. Ngati zosinthazi sizikugwira ntchito, dokotala wanu atha kupanga malingaliro kuti muchepetse thupi bwinobwino.

Mfundo yofunika

Kusintha kumeneku pakudya, masewera olimbitsa thupi, komanso kuwongolera zolemera zimagwirira ntchito limodzi kuti zithandizire kuti magazi azisungika m'magazi anu tsiku lonse. Dziwani momwe curcumin, vitamini D, komanso khofi zingakuthandizeninso kupewa matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2.

Zovuta zomwe zimakhudzana ndi matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2

Kwa anthu ambiri, lembani matenda ashuga amtundu wachiwiri akhoza kuthandizidwa bwino. Ngati sichisamalidwa bwino, imatha kukhudza pafupifupi ziwalo zanu zonse ndipo zimabweretsa zovuta zina, kuphatikizapo:

• mavuto a khungu, monga matenda a bakiteriya kapena mafangasi
• kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha, kapena matenda amitsempha, omwe angayambitse kutaya mtima kapena kufooka komanso kumenyedwa kumapeto kwanu komanso mavuto am'mimba, monga kusanza, kutsegula m'mimba, ndi kudzimbidwa
• kusayenda bwino kwa mapazi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mapazi anu azitha kuchira mukadulidwa kapena mutadwala komanso zingayambitse chilonda ndikutha phazi kapena mwendo
• vuto lakumva
• kuwonongeka kwa diso, kapena kupindika m'maso, ndi kuwonongeka kwa diso, zomwe zimatha kuyambitsa kuwonongeka kwa maso, glaucoma, ndi khungu
• matenda amtima monga kuthamanga kwa magazi, kuchepa kwa mitsempha, angina, matenda amtima, ndi sitiroko

Matenda osokoneza bongo

Hypoglycemia imatha kuchitika shuga wanu wamagazi akatsika. Zizindikirozi zimatha kuphatikizira kunjenjemera, chizungulire, komanso kuvutika kuyankhula. Mutha kuthetsa izi mukakhala ndi chakudya kapena chakumwa "chofulumira", monga msuzi wa zipatso, chakumwa choledzeretsa, kapena maswiti olimba.

Matenda a hyperglycemia

Hyperglycemia imatha kuchitika shuga wa magazi atakhala wokwera. Amadziwika ndi kukodza pafupipafupi komanso kuwonjezeka ludzu. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kungathandize kuchepetsa magazi m'magazi.

Zovuta panthawi yoyembekezera komanso pambuyo pathupi

Ngati muli ndi matenda ashuga muli ndi pakati, muyenera kuyang'anira matenda anu mosamala. Matenda ashuga omwe samayendetsedwa bwino amatha:

• kusokoneza mimba, kubereka, ndi kubereka
• kuvulaza ziwalo zomwe mwana wanu akukula
• zimapangitsa mwana wanu kunenepa kwambiri

Zingathandizenso kuti mwana wanu akhale ndi chiopsezo chodwala matenda ashuga m'moyo wawo.

Mfundo yofunika

Matenda ashuga amayambitsidwa ndi zovuta zingapo.

Amayi omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amakhala ndi mwayi wowiranso mtima pambuyo pa woyambawo. Kuopsa kwawo kwa kulephera kwa mtima ndi kowirikiza kanayi kuposa azimayi omwe alibe matenda ashuga. Amuna omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amakhala ndi mwayi wopitilira kuwonongeka kwa erectile (ED) nthawi 3.5.

Kuwonongeka kwa impso ndi impso kulephera zimakhudza amayi ndi abambo omwe ali ndi matendawa. Tengani izi kuti muchepetse kuwonongeka kwa impso ndi zovuta zina za matenda ashuga.

Type 2 shuga mwa ana

Mtundu wa 2 shuga mwa ana ndi vuto lomwe likukula.Malinga ndi American Diabetes Association (ADA), anthu aku 193,000 aku America osakwana zaka 20 ali ndi mtundu 1 kapena mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga. Kafukufuku wina adawonetsa kuti kuchuluka kwa matenda amtundu wachiwiri muubwana kwawonjezeka kufika pafupifupi 5,000 milandu yatsopano pachaka. Kafukufuku wina adawonetsa kuwonjezeka kwakukulu, makamaka m'mitundu ing'onoing'ono komanso mafuko.

Zifukwa za izi ndizovuta, koma zoopsa za mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga ndi izi:

• kukhala wonenepa kwambiri, kapena kukhala ndi cholozera cha thupi pamwamba pa 85th percentile
• kukhala ndi kulemera kwakubadwa kwa mapaundi 9 kapena kupitilira apo
• kubadwa kwa mayi yemwe anali ndi matenda a shuga ali ndi pakati
• kukhala ndi wachibale wapafupi yemwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amtundu wa 2
• kukhala moyo wongokhala
• kukhala African-American, Puerto Rico American, Asia-American, Native American, kapena Pacific Islander

Zizindikiro za mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga mwa ana ndizofanana ndi za akulu. Zikuphatikizapo:

• ludzu kwambiri kapena njala
• kuchuluka kukodza
• zilonda zomwe zimachedwa kuchira
• matenda pafupipafupi
• kutopa
• kusawona bwino
• madera akhungu lakuda

Onani dokotala wa mwana wanu nthawi yomweyo ngati ali ndi zizindikirozi.

Mu 2018, ADA idalimbikitsa kuti ana onse onenepa kwambiri komanso omwe ali ndi zoopsa zowopsa za matenda a shuga ayesedwe ngati ali ndi matenda a shuga kapena mtundu wa 2. Matenda ashuga osachiritsidwa atha kubweretsa zovuta zowopsa komanso zowopsa.

Kuyezetsa magazi mosasamala kumatha kuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa magazi m'magazi. Chiyeso cha hemoglobin A1C chitha kupereka zambiri zokhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa magazi m'magazi kwa miyezi ingapo. Mwana wanu angafunikirenso kuyesa magazi kusala magazi.

Ngati mwana wanu amapezeka kuti ali ndi matenda ashuga, ndiye kuti dokotala wawo adzafunika kudziwa ngati ndi mtundu wa 1 kapena mtundu wachiwiri asanakupatseni chithandizo chamankhwala.

Mutha kuthandiza kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha mwana wanu pomulimbikitsa kuti azidya bwino komanso azichita masewera olimbitsa thupi tsiku lililonse. Pezani zambiri za mtundu wa 2 shuga, momwe zimakhudzira ana, komanso momwe zikuchulukira m'gululi kotero kuti sadziwikanso kuti matenda ashuga oyambitsidwa ndi achikulire.

Ziwerengero za mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga

Ripoti lipoti ziwerengero zotsatirazi zokhudzana ndi matenda ashuga ku United States:

• Oposa 30 miliyoni ali ndi matenda ashuga. Ndipafupifupi 10 peresenti ya anthu.
• M'modzi mwa anthu anayi sadziwa kuti ali ndi matenda ashuga.
• Matenda a shuga amakhudza akulu 84.1 miliyoni, ndipo 90% mwa iwo sadziwa.
• Anthu achikulire omwe si achi Puerto Rico, Achispanishi, komanso Achimereka aku America ayenera kukhala ndi matenda ashuga monga achikulire omwe si Azungu.

ADA ikupereka ziwerengero zotsatirazi:

• Mu 2017, matenda ashuga adawononga United States $ 327 biliyoni pamankhwala azachipatala mwachindunji ndikuchepetsa zokolola.
• Ndalama zomwe amawononga kuchipatala kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ndizokwera pafupifupi nthawi 2.3 kuposa momwe angakhalire ngati alibe matenda ashuga.
• Matenda ashuga ndi omwe amachititsa kuti anthu azifa kwambiri ku United States, mwina ngati oyambitsa imfa kapena omwe amachititsa kuti anthu azifa.

Malipoti awa ndi ziwerengero zotsatirazi:

• Kukula kwa 2014 padziko lonse kwa matenda ashuga kunali 8.5% kwa akulu.
• Mu 1980, ndi 4.7 peresenti yokha ya akulu padziko lonse lapansi omwe anali ndi matenda ashuga.
• Matenda ashuga adapha pafupifupi 1.6 miliyoni padziko lonse lapansi mu 2016.
• Matenda ashuga amakhala opitilira katatu chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima ndi sitiroko mwa akulu.
• Matenda ashuga nawonso amayambitsa impso kulephera.

Matenda a shuga amapezeka ponseponse. Zimakhudza miyoyo ya anthu pafupifupi theka la biliyoni padziko lonse lapansi. Onani ma infographics omwe amawunikira ziwerengero zina za matenda ashuga zomwe muyenera kudziwa.

Kusamalira mtundu wa 2 shuga

Kusamalira matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri kumafunikira mgwirizano. Muyenera kugwira ntchito limodzi ndi dokotala wanu, koma zotsatira zake zambiri zimadalira zochita zanu.

Dokotala wanu angafune kuyesa magazi nthawi ndi nthawi kuti adziwe kuchuluka kwa magazi m'magazi anu. Izi zidzakuthandizani kudziwa momwe mukuyendetsera matendawa. Ngati mumamwa mankhwala, mayesowa athandiza kudziwa momwe ikugwirira ntchito.

Chifukwa matenda ashuga amawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda amtima, dokotala wanu amayang'ananso kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kuchuluka kwama cholesterol m'mwazi.

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zamatenda amtima, mungafunike kuyesedwa kwina. Mayesowa atha kuphatikizira electrocardiogram (ECG kapena EKG) kapena kuyesa kupsinjika kwa mtima.

Tsatirani malangizo awa kuti muthane ndi matenda anu ashuga:

• Muzidya zakudya zopatsa thanzi zomwe zimaphatikizapo ndiwo zamasamba zopanda wowuma, zomanga thupi, mapuloteni owonda, ndi mafuta osakwanira. Pewani mafuta, shuga, ndi chakudya chosavuta.
• Pezani ndikukhalabe ndi thanzi labwino.
• Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi tsiku lililonse.
• Tengani mankhwala anu onse monga mukufunira.
• Gwiritsani ntchito njira yowunika kunyumba kuti muyese kuchuluka kwa magazi m'magazi anu mukapita kukaonana ndi dokotala. Dokotala wanu angakuuzeni kuti muyenera kuchita kangati komanso zomwe muyenera kukwaniritsa.

Kungakhalenso kothandiza kuti banja lanu lidziwe zambiri. Aphunzitseni za zidziwitso zakuwonekera kwa magazi m'magazi omwe ndi okwera kwambiri kapena otsika kwambiri kuti athe kuthandizira pakagwa mwadzidzidzi.

Ngati aliyense m'nyumba mwanu amatsatira zakudya zabwino ndikuchita nawo masewera olimbitsa thupi, nonse mudzapindula. Onani mapulogalamuwa omwe angakuthandizeni kukhala ndi moyo wabwino ndi matenda ashuga.

Werengani nkhaniyi m'Chisipanishi.