Kodi chimayambitsa matenda a ubongo?

Zamkati

• Chidule
• Kodi chimayambitsa matenda a ubongo ndi chiyani?
• Zowonongeka za CP zimayambitsa
• Zomwe CP zimayambitsa
• Mafunso wamba pazomwe zimayambitsa CP
• Kodi achikulire angadwale ubongo?
• Kodi kugwedezeka kwa mwana kungayambitse matenda a ubongo?
• Kodi cerebral palsy chibadwa?
• Kodi kusuta panthawi yapakati kumayambitsa matenda a ubongo?
• Kodi sitiroko ingayambitse matenda a ubongo?
• Kodi ubongo umayamba kuchepa?
• Mitundu ya matenda a ziwalo
• Matenda a ubongo
• Dyskinetic matenda a ziwalo
• Hypotonic matenda a ubongo
• Ataxic matenda a ubongo
• Kusokonezeka kwa ubongo
• Zotheka kukhala zovuta pamatenda am'mimba
• Kusamalira ziwalo za ubongo
• Tengera kwina

Chidule

Cerebral palsy (CP) ndi gulu la zovuta zoyenda komanso zolumikizana zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kukula kwaubongo kapena kuwonongeka kwaubongo.

Ndiwo matenda amitsempha ofala kwambiri mwa ana ndipo amakhudza ana azaka 8, malinga ndi kafukufuku wa 2014.

Zizindikiro za CP zimasiyana mwamphamvu, koma nthawi zambiri zimabwera mzaka ziwiri zoyambirira za moyo.

Zizindikiro zodziwika za CP ndi monga:

• malingaliro osazolowereka
• minofu yolimba
• floppy kapena thunthu lolimba ndi miyendo
• mavuto kuyenda
• kukhazikika kwachilendo
• kumeza mavuto
• kusamvana kwa minofu yamaso
• kunjenjemera ndi kusuntha kosachita kufuna
• vuto ndi luso lamagalimoto
• kulephera kuphunzira

Malinga ndi Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), CP imayamba asanabadwe koma imapezekanso kuyambira ali mwana.

Vutoli silikuipiraipira pakapita nthawi, ndipo ana ambiri omwe ali ndi CP amapitiliza kukhala moyo wodziyimira pawokha. Oposa ana omwe ali ndi CP amatha kuyenda popanda thandizo, malinga ndi CDC.

M'nkhaniyi, tiwunika zomwe zimayambitsa CP. Tiyankhanso mafunso omwe mungakhale nawo okhudzana ndimatenda amtunduwu.

Kodi chimayambitsa matenda a ubongo ndi chiyani?

CP yomwe imayamba msana, mkati, kapena mkati mwa milungu 4 yakubadwa imadziwika kuti CP yobadwa.

Pafupifupi milandu ya CP ndiyobadwa, malinga ndi CDC. CP yomwe imayamba masiku opitilira 28 atabadwa amatchedwa CP.

Zowonongeka za CP zimayambitsa

Nthawi zambiri, chomwe chimayambitsa kubadwa kwa CP nthawi zambiri sichidziwika. Komabe, izi mwazinthu zotsatirazi ndizomwe zingayambitse.

• Asphyxia neonatorum. Asphyxia neonatorum ndi kusowa kwa mpweya kuubongo nthawi yobereka komanso yobereka ndipo imatha kuwononga ubongo komwe kumabweretsa CP.
• Kusintha kwa majini. Kusintha kwa majini kumatha kubweretsa kukula kwaubongo.
• Matenda nthawi yapakati. Matenda omwe amayenda kuchokera kwa mayi kupita kwa mwana wosabadwa atha kuwononga ubongo ndi CP. Mitundu yamatenda omwe amalumikizidwa ndi CP ndi monga nkhuku, chikuku cha ku Germany (rubella), ndi matenda a bakiteriya.
• Kutuluka magazi muubongo. Sitiroko ya fetus imatha kubweretsa kuwonongeka kwa ubongo ndi CP. Zilonda za fetal zimayambitsidwa ndi mitsempha yamagazi yopangidwa modabwitsa, kuundana kwa magazi, ndi zofooka za mtima.
• Kukula kwachilendo kwaubongo. Matenda, malungo, ndi zoopsa zimatha kuyambitsa kukula kwaubongo komwe kumabweretsa ku CP.

Zomwe CP zimayambitsa

CP imadziwika kuti CP yomwe imapezeka ikayamba masiku opitilira 28 atabadwa. CP yopezeka nthawi zambiri imayamba mkati mwa zaka 2 zoyambirira za moyo.

• Kusokonezeka mutu. Kuvulala kwakukulu pamutu kumatha kubweretsa kuwonongeka kwaubongo kosatha. Zomwe zimayambitsa kupwetekedwa mutu ndikuphatikizana ndimagalimoto, kugwa, komanso kumenyedwa.
• Matenda. Meningitis, encephalitis, ndi matenda ena zimatha kuwononga ubongo nthawi zonse.
• Jaundice. Jaundice yosachiritsidwa imatha kubweretsa mtundu wa kuwonongeka kwa ubongo kotchedwa. Kernicterus imatha kubweretsa kufooka kwa ubongo, mavuto amaso, komanso kumva kwakumva.

Mafunso wamba pazomwe zimayambitsa CP

Kodi achikulire angadwale ubongo?

Akuluakulu sangakhale ndi CP. Zimangobwera mzaka ziwiri zoyambirira za moyo. Komabe, achikulire ambiri amakhala ndi ziwalo zaubongo zomwe zidayamba adakali ana kapena asanabadwe.

Kodi kugwedezeka kwa mwana kungayambitse matenda a ubongo?

Matenda a khanda ogwedezeka ndi kupwetekedwa mutu komwe kumachitika mwana akagwedezeka kwambiri kapena kumenya mutu. Matenda a makanda ogwedezeka amatha kuwononga ubongo komwe kumatha kubweretsa kufooka kwa ubongo.

Kodi cerebral palsy chibadwa?

Kafukufuku sanapezebe kuti CP ndi matenda amtundu. Komabe, malinga ndi kuwunika kwa 2017, ofufuza ena amaganiza kuti mwina zotheka kuti majini ndi omwe amathandizira kukulitsa ziwalo za ubongo.

Kodi kusuta panthawi yapakati kumayambitsa matenda a ubongo?

Kusuta panthawi yapakati kumawonjezera mwayi woti mwana wosabadwayo azikula bwino.

Kukula kosazolowereka kwaubongo kumatha kuthandizira pazinthu monga ziwalo za ubongo kapena khunyu, monga tawonera mu kafukufuku wa 2017.

Kodi sitiroko ingayambitse matenda a ubongo?

Kukwapulidwa kwaubwana kumatha kubweretsa kufooka kwa ubongo mwa ana. Sitiroko ndi kutsekeka kwa magazi muubongo komwe kumatha kuwononga minofu yoyandikana nayo.

Kodi ubongo umayamba kuchepa?

Cerebral palsy siyimafooka ndipo siyimangokulira pakapita nthawi. Dongosolo loyenera lazithandizo lomwe limaphatikizapo zolimbitsa thupi komanso magawo ndi akatswiri azaumoyo atha kuthandiza ndikuwongolera zizindikilo.

Mitundu ya matenda a ziwalo

Pali mitundu inayi yovomerezeka ya CP. Ndikothekanso kukhala ndi kusakaniza kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya CP.

Matenda a ubongo

Matenda a ubongo ndi omwe amapezeka kwambiri. Pafupifupi 80 peresenti ndi CP ali ndi kusiyanaku. Kuchepa kwa ubongo kumayambitsa minofu yolimba komanso kuyenda kosunthika.

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi vutoli ali ndi mayendedwe achilendo. Anthu omwe ali ndi CP yovuta kwambiri sangathe kuyenda konse.

Dyskinetic matenda a ziwalo

Dyskinetic cerebral palsy imayambitsa ziwalo zosazolowereka komanso zosasunthika. Zingakhudzenso kusuntha kwa lilime.

Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda opatsirana m'mimba nthawi zambiri amavutika kuyenda, kulankhula, komanso kumeza. Kusuntha kwawo kumatha kukhala kochedwa komanso kokhotakhota kapena kofulumira komanso kotokota.

Hypotonic matenda a ubongo

Hypotonic cerebral palsy imapangitsa kuti minofu yanu ikhale yotakasuka kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, munthu yemwe ali ndi hypotonic CP amakhala ndi miyendo yomwe imawoneka ngati yoyera.

Ana omwe ali ndi vutoli nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi vuto lothandizira mutu wawo. Ana okulirapo atha kukhala ndi vuto polankhula, kusinkhasinkha, ndi kuyenda.

Ataxic matenda a ubongo

Ataxic cerebral palsy imayambitsa kuyenda kwa miyendo mwaufulu komwe kumabweretsa mavuto ndikuwongolera. Anthu omwe ali ndi mtundu uwu wa CP amathanso kukhala ndi vuto ndi mayendedwe abwino amgalimoto.

Kusokonezeka kwa ubongo

Anthu ena omwe ali ndi CP amatha kukhala ndi zizindikilo zingapo kuposa mtundu umodzi wa CP. Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi CP yosakanikirana amasakanikirana ndi spastic and dyskinetic CP.

Zotheka kukhala zovuta pamatenda am'mimba

CP imatha kubweretsa zovuta zingapo zakuthupi chifukwa cha zovuta zina poyenda. Anthu omwe ali ndi CP amathanso kumva kukhala osungulumwa, zomwe zingayambitse matenda amisala monga kukhumudwa kapena kuda nkhawa.

Zotsatirazi ndizo mavuto omwe angakhalepo ndi matenda a ubongo:

• ukalamba msanga
• kusowa kwa zakudya m'thupi
• kukhumudwa
• nkhawa
• matenda amtima ndi m'mapapo
• nyamakazi
• kupweteka kosalekeza
• scoliosis

Anthu omwe ali ndi CP alinso ndi mitengo yayikulu yazikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana monga:

• kuthamanga kwa magazi (matenda oopsa)
• nyamakazi
• kupweteka pamodzi
• kukwapula
• mavuto olankhula
• kumeza kuvuta
• matenda ashuga
• zikhalidwe za mtima
• kugwidwa

Kusamalira ziwalo za ubongo

CP siyowonongeka ndipo sichikuipiraipira ndi ukalamba. Zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimawongolera ndi pulogalamu yoyenera ya chithandizo.

Chithandizo chimaphatikizapo chithandizo chamankhwala, mankhwala, komanso nthawi zina opaleshoni yothandizira kuthana ndi zovuta zakusuntha. Mitundu ya mankhwala ndi awa:

• chithandizo chamankhwala
• chithandizo pantchito
• mankhwala olankhulira
• zosangalatsa
• zopumulira minofu
• jakisoni wa minofu
• opaleshoni ya mafupa
• kudula mitsempha ya mitsempha (nthawi zambiri)

Tengera kwina

Kuyamba kwa matenda aubongo mwina asanabadwe kapena ali mwana. Ndi matenda oyenera komanso chithandizo chamankhwala, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi ziwalo zaubongo amatha kukhala moyo wathunthu komanso wodziyimira pawokha.