Fupa losweka

Ngati fupa limakakamizidwa kwambiri kuposa momwe limayimilira, limagawanika kapena kuthyoka. Kupuma kwamtundu uliwonse kumatchedwa kusweka. Ngati fupa losweka liboola khungu, limatchedwa kuti kuphulika kotseguka (kuphulika kwapakati).

Kuphulika kwa nkhawa ndikuthyola fupa komwe kumayamba chifukwa champhamvu mobwerezabwereza kapena kwanthawi yayitali yolimbana ndi fupa. Kupanikizika mobwerezabwereza kumafooketsa fupa mpaka pamapeto pake limasweka.

Zimakhala zovuta kunena gawo lomwe lachoka pakuthyoka fupa. Komabe, zonsezi ndizadzidzidzi, ndipo njira zoyambirira zothandizira ndizofanana.

Izi ndi zomwe zimayambitsa mafupa osweka:

• Igwa kuchokera kutalika
• Zowopsa
• Ngozi zamagalimoto
• Nkhonya zachindunji
• Kuzunza ana
• Mphamvu zobwerezabwereza, monga zomwe zimachitika chifukwa chothamanga, zimatha kupangitsa kupindika kwa phazi, akakolo, tibia, kapena chiuno

Zizindikiro za fupa losweka ndizo:

• Chiwalo chowoneka ngati chosakhalapo kapena chosemphana ndi chiwalo kapena cholumikizira
• Kutupa, mikwingwirima, kapena kutuluka magazi
• Kupweteka kwambiri
• Dzanzi ndi kumva kulasalasa
• Khungu losweka ndi fupa lotuluka
• Kuyenda pang'ono kapena kulephera kusuntha chiwalo

Njira zoyamba zothandizira ndizo:

1. Onani momwe munthuyo akuyendera komanso kupuma. Ngati ndi kotheka, itanani 911 ndikuyamba kupulumutsa kupuma, CPR, kapena kuwongolera magazi.
2. Khalani chete ndi wodekha.
3. Pendani munthuyo bwinobwino kuti aone ngati wavulala.
4. Nthawi zambiri, ngati chithandizo chamankhwala chikuyankhidwa mwachangu, lolani ogwira ntchito pachipatala kuti achitepo kanthu.
5. Ngati khungu lathyoledwa, liyenera kuthandizidwa nthawi yomweyo kuti muteteze matenda. Itanani thandizo ladzidzidzi nthawi yomweyo. MUSAPUME pa bala kapena kulifufuza. Yesetsani kuphimba chilondacho kuti mupewe kuipitsidwa. Phimbani ndi mavalidwe osabala ngati alipo. Musayese kupanga mzere wovulala pokhapokha mutaphunzitsidwa zamankhwala kutero.
6. Ngati kuli kotheka, sungani fupa losweka ndi chopopera kapena gulaye. Zidutswa zomwe zingakhalepo ndizophatikizira nyuzipepala yoluka kapena matabwa. Sungani malowo pamwamba ndi pansi pa fupa lovulala.
7. Ikani mapaketi oundana kuti muchepetse kupweteka komanso kutupa. Kukweza chiwalo kungathandizenso kuchepetsa kutupa.
8. Chitani zinthu zotetezera mantha. Mangani munthuyo pansi, kwezani mapazi ake pafupifupi masentimita 30 pamwamba pamutu, ndikuphimba munthuyo ndi malaya kapena bulangeti. Komabe, MUSAMAYENDE munthuyo ngati akuganiza kuti wavulala mutu, khosi, kapena msana.

ONANI MIYALO YA MAGAZI

Fufuzani kayendedwe ka magazi ka munthuyo. Onetsetsani mwamphamvu pakhungu kupitirira malo osweka. (Mwachitsanzo, ngati kuthyoka kuli mwendo, kanikizani phazi). Iyenera poyamba kukhala yoyera kenako "pinki" pafupifupi masekondi awiri. Zizindikiro zomwe zimafalikira sizikwanira zimaphatikizapo khungu loyera kapena labuluu, dzanzi kapena kulira, komanso kutaya mtima.

Ngati magazi akuyenda movutikira ndipo ogwira ntchito ophunzitsidwa bwino sapezeka msanga, yesetsani kulowetsa mwendowo pamalo opumira. Izi zimachepetsa kutupa, kupweteka, komanso kuwonongeka kwa minofu chifukwa chosowa magazi.

Kuchiza Magazi

Ikani nsalu youma yoyera pachilondapo kuti muvale.

Kutuluka magazi kukupitilirabe, pezani kukakamiza komwe kumatuluka magazi. Musagwiritse ntchito tchuthi chakumapeto kuti muchepetse magazi pokhapokha ngati ali pangozi. Minofu imatha kupulumuka kwakanthawi kochepa kamodzi kokha pakagwiritsidwe ntchito kaulendo.

• Musamusunthire munthu pokhapokha fupa losweka litakhazikika.
• MUSAMAYENDE munthu wovulala mchiuno, m'chiuno, kapena mwendo wapamwamba pokhapokha zikafunika. Ngati mukuyenera kumusuntha munthuyo, mukokereni kumalo otetezeka ndi zovala zake (monga paphewa la malaya, lamba, kapena miyendo ya pant).
• Musasunthe munthu amene angavulaze msana.
• MUSAYESE kuwongola fupa kapena kusintha malo ake pokhapokha ngati magazi aziyenda bwino ndipo kulibe anthu ophunzitsidwa ndi zamankhwala omwe ali pafupi.
• MUSAYESERE kuyikanso munthu amene mukumuganizira kuti wavulala msana.
• MUSAYESE kuthekera kwa fupa kusuntha.

Itanani 911 ngati:

• Munthuyu sakuyankha kapena akutaya chidziwitso.
• Pali fupa lokayikira lomwe lidasweka kumutu, m'khosi, kapena kumbuyo.
• Pali fupa loti limasweka m'chiuno, m'chiuno, kapena mwendo wapamwamba.
• Simungathe kulepheretsa kuvulaza komweko panokha.
• Pali magazi ambiri.
• Dera lomwe lili pansi pa cholumikizira lovulalalo ndi lotumbululuka, kuzizira, chipwirikiti, kapena buluu.
• Pali fupa lomwe limatuluka pakhungu.

Ngakhale mafupa ena osweka sangakhale achipatala, amafunikirabe chithandizo chamankhwala. Imbani foni kwa omwe amakuthandizani kuti mudziwe komwe ndi kuti muwonekere.

Ngati mwana wamng'ono akukana kuyika kulemera pamkono kapena mwendo pambuyo pangozi, sangasunthire mkono kapena mwendo, kapena mutha kuwona kupunduka, ndikuganiza kuti mwanayo wathyoka fupa ndikupeza chithandizo chamankhwala.

Chitani izi kuti muchepetse kusweka kwa fupa:

• Valani zida zodzitchinjiriza kwinaku mukutsetsereka, kukwera njinga, kutchinga, ndikuchita nawo masewera olumikizana nawo. Izi zikuphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito chisoti, ziyangoyango za chikombole, mapadi a mawondo, alonda amanja, ndi zikhomo.
• Pangani nyumba yabwino ya ana ang'ono. Ikani chitseko pamakwerero ndipo muzitseka mawindo.
• Phunzitsani ana momwe angakhalire otetezeka ndikudziyang'anira pawokha.
• Yang'anirani ana mosamala. Palibe cholowa m'malo mwa kuyang'anira, ngakhale chilengedwe kapena mkhalidwe zikuwoneka kuti ndi zotetezeka.
• Pewani kugwa posayimirira pamipando, pamwamba, kapena zinthu zina zosakhazikika. Chotsani zoponya ndi zingwe zamagetsi kuchokera pansi. Gwiritsani ntchito ma handrails pamakwerero kapena pamipando yopanda masewera m'malo osambira. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka kwa okalamba.

Bone - wosweka; Kupasuka; Kupsinjika kwa nkhawa; Kuphulika kwa mafupa

• Kukonzanso kwa akazi kuphulika - kutulutsa
• M'chiuno wovulala - kumaliseche

• X-ray
• Mitundu yophulika (1)
• Kupasuka, mkono - x-ray
• Kuchita
• Kukonzanso kwa mafupa - mndandanda
• Mitundu yophulika (2)
• Chipangizo chakunja chokonzekera
• Kutyoka pamapale okula
• Zipangizo zamkati zokonzera

Geiderman JM, Katz D. Mfundo zazikuluzikulu zovulala mafupa. Mu: Makoma RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: mutu 42.

[Adasankhidwa] Kim C, Kaar SG. Nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi zophulika zamankhwala. Mu: Miller MD, Thompson SR, olemba. DeLee Drez & Miller's Orthopedic Sports Medicine. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: mutu 10.

Whittle AP. Mfundo zazikuluzikulu za chithandizo chamankhwala. Mu: Azar FM, Beaty JH, Canale ST, eds. Opaleshoni ya Campbell. Wolemba 13. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: mutu 53.