Matenda a pituitary

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Chidule

Matenda a pituitary amakhala mkatikati mwa mutu. Nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "master gland" chifukwa imayang'anira zinthu zambiri zomwe zimachitika ndimatenda ena.

Pamwambapa pituitary pali hypothalamus. Imatumiza zisonyezo zama hormonal kapena zamagetsi kwa pituitary. Izi zimatsimikizira kuti mahomoni amachokera kuti.

Mwachitsanzo, hypothalamus imatha kutumiza hormone yotchedwa GHRH, kapena hormone yakukula yotulutsa timadzi. Izi zitha kupangitsa kuti pituitary atuluke kukula kwa hormone, yomwe imakhudza kukula kwa minofu ndi mafupa.

Kodi izi ndi zofunika bwanji? Kusapeza zokwanira muubwana kumatha kuyambitsa kuchepa kwa pituitary. Kupeza zochulukirapo kumatha kuyambitsa vuto lomwe limatchedwa gigantism. Thupi lomwe lakhwima kale, mahomoni okula kwambiri amatha kuyambitsa acromegaly. Ndi vutoli, mawonekedwe a nkhope amakhala olimba komanso oyenera; mawu amakhala ozama; ndipo kukula kwa dzanja, phazi, ndi chigaza kukulira.

Lamulo losiyanasiyana la mahomoni kuchokera ku hypothalamus lingayambitse kutulutsa kwa chithokomiro chotulutsa timadzi kapena TSH.TSH imapangitsa chithokomiro kutulutsa mahomoni awiri otchedwa T3 ndi T4 omwe amalimbikitsa kagayidwe kake m'maselo ena mthupi lonse.

Pituitary amathanso kutulutsa hormone yotchedwa antidiuretic hormone, kapena ADH. Amapangidwa mu hypothalamus ndikusungidwa mu pituitary. ADH imakhudza kupanga mkodzo. Ikatulutsidwa, impso zimatenga madzi ambiri omwe amadutsamo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mkodzo wochepa umapangidwa.

Mowa umalepheretsa kutulutsa ADH, chifukwa chake kumwa zakumwa zoledzeretsa kumatulutsa mkodzo wambiri.

Matenda a pituitary amatulutsa mahomoni ena omwe amawongolera magwiridwe antchito ena amthupi.

Mwachitsanzo, mahomoni olimbikitsa ma follicle, kapena FSH, ndi luteinizing hormone, kapena LH, ndi mahomoni omwe amakhudza thumba losunga mazira ndi mazira mwa akazi. Mwa amuna, zimakhudza ma testes ndi umuna.

Prolactin ndi hormone yomwe imakhudza minofu ya m'mawere kwa amayi oyamwitsa.

ACTH kapena adrenocorticotrophic hormone imapangitsa kuti adrenal gland ipange zinthu zofunika monga steroids.

Kukula, kutha msinkhu, dazi, ngakhale kumva ngati njala ndi ludzu, ndi zina mwazinthu zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi dongosolo la endocrine.

• Matenda a Pituitary
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