Matenda a mtsempha wamagazi - miyendo

Matenda a mtsempha wamagazi (PAD) ndimikhalidwe yamitsempha yamagazi yomwe imapatsa miyendo ndi mapazi. Zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mitsempha ya m'miyendo. Izi zimayambitsa kuchepa kwa magazi, komwe kumatha kuvulaza mitsempha ndi ziwalo zina.

PAD imayambitsidwa ndi atherosclerosis. Vutoli limachitika pamene mafuta (zolembera) zimakhazikika pamakoma amitsempha yanu ndikuwapangitsa kuchepa. Makoma a mitsempha amakhalanso olimba ndipo sangathe kukulira (kutambasula) kuti magazi azitha kuyenda kwambiri pakufunika kutero.

Zotsatira zake, minofu ya miyendo yanu singapeze magazi okwanira komanso mpweya wabwino mukamagwira ntchito molimbika (monga nthawi yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena kuyenda). PAD ikakhala yolimba, sipangakhale magazi ndi oxygen yokwanira, ngakhale minofu ikamapuma.

PAD ndimatenda wamba. Nthawi zambiri zimakhudza amuna azaka zopitilira 50, koma azimayi amathanso kutero. Anthu ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu ngati ali ndi mbiri ya:

• Cholesterol yachilendo
• Matenda a shuga
• Matenda a mtima (matenda amitsempha yamagazi)
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi (matenda oopsa)
• Matenda a impso okhudzana ndi hemodialysis
• Kusuta
• Stroke (matenda am'magazi)

Zizindikiro zazikulu za PAD ndikumva kuwawa, kupweteka, kutopa, kuwotcha, kapena kusapeza bwino m'minyewa ya phazi lanu, ng'ombe zanu, kapena ntchafu zanu. Zizindikirozi nthawi zambiri zimawoneka poyenda kapena kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndipo zimatha mutapuma mphindi zingapo.

• Poyamba, izi zimawoneka pokhapokha mukamakwera phiri, kuyenda mwachangu, kapena kuyenda maulendo ataliatali.
• Pang`onopang`ono, zizindikirozi zimachitika msanga komanso mopanda zolimbitsa thupi.
• Miyendo kapena mapazi anu atha kumva kuti mulibe mphamvu mukamapuma. Miyendo imamvanso yabwino kukhudza, ndipo khungu limawoneka lotumbululuka.

PAD ikafika poipa, mutha kukhala ndi:

• Mphamvu
• Ululu ndi kukokana usiku
• Kupweteka kapena kumva kulira pamapazi kapena kumapazi, komwe kumatha kukhala kovuta kwambiri kotero kuti ngakhale kulemera kwa zovala kapena bedi kumakhala kowawa
• Ululu womwe umakulirakulira mukakweza miyendo yanu, ndipo umakula bwino mukakola miyendo yanu pambali pa kama
• Khungu lomwe limawoneka lakuda komanso labuluu
• Zilonda zomwe sizichira

Pakati pa mayeso, wothandizira zaumoyo atha kupeza:

• Phokoso lotsitsimula pamene stethoscope imagwiridwa ndi mtsempha wamagazi (arterial bruits)
• Kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi pamiyendo yomwe yakhudzidwa
• Mitengo yofooka kapena yopanda mwendo

PAD ikakhala yolimba kwambiri, zotsatira zake zimatha kuphatikizira izi:

• Minofu ya ng'ombe yomwe imafota (kufota kapena kuperewera)
• Kutayika tsitsi pamiyendo, kumapazi, ndi kumapazi
• Zilonda zopweteka, zopanda magazi kumapazi kapena kumapazi (nthawi zambiri zakuda) zomwe zimachedwa kuchira
• Khungu loyera kapena mtundu wabuluu m'manja kapena m'miyendo (cyanosis)
• Khungu lowala, lolimba
• Zolimba zakumaso

Kuyezetsa magazi kumatha kuwonetsa cholesterol kapena shuga wambiri.

Mayeso a PAD ndi awa:

• Angiography ya miyendo
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi kumayeza mikono ndi miyendo poyerekeza (ankle / brachial index, kapena ABI)
• Doppler ultrasound kuyesa kumapeto
• Magnetic resonance angiography kapena CT angiography

Zomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse PAD ndi monga:

• Kulimbitsa thupi ndi kupumula. Yendani kapena chitani chinthu china mpaka kupweteka ndikupatseni nthawi yopuma. Popita nthawi, kufalitsa kwanu kumatha kusintha ngati mitsempha yaying'ono, yaying'ono yamagazi. Nthawi zonse lankhulani ndi wopezayo musanayambe pulogalamu yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
• Lekani kusuta. Kusuta kumachepetsa mitsempha, kumachepetsa mphamvu ya magazi kunyamula mpweya, komanso kumawonjezera ngozi yopanga kuundana (thrombi ndi emboli).
• Samalani mapazi, makamaka ngati muli ndi matenda ashuga. Valani nsapato zoyenerana bwino. Samalani ndi mabala, zoperewera, kapena zovulala zilizonse, ndipo muwone omwe akukuthandizani nthawi yomweyo. Minofu imachira pang'onopang'ono ndipo imatha kutenga kachilomboka pakachepetsa kufalikira.
• Onetsetsani kuti kuthamanga kwa magazi kumayendetsedwa bwino.
• Ngati mukulemera kwambiri, muchepetse kunenepa.
• Ngati cholesterol yanu ili pamwamba, idyani mafuta osagwiritsa ntchito mafuta ambiri komanso mafuta ochepa.
• Onetsetsani kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi anu ngati muli ndi matenda ashuga, ndipo pitirizani kuwayang'anira.

Mankhwala angafunike kuti athetse vutoli, kuphatikizapo:

• Aspirin kapena mankhwala otchedwa clopidogrel (Plavix), omwe amachititsa kuti magazi anu asapangike m'mitsempha mwanu. Osasiya kumwa mankhwalawa musanakambirane ndi omwe akukuthandizani.
• Cilostazol, mankhwala omwe amagwiritsira ntchito kukulitsa (kutambasula) mitsempha yokhudzidwa kapena mitsempha yamilandu yoopsa kwambiri yomwe siyiyenera kuchitidwa opaleshoni.
• Mankhwala othandizira kuchepetsa cholesterol yanu.
• Kupweteka kumachepetsa.

Ngati mukumwa mankhwala a kuthamanga kwa magazi kapena matenda ashuga, tengani momwe akukulemberani.

Opaleshoni itha kuchitidwa ngati vutoli ndilolimba ndipo likukhudza luso lanu logwira ntchito kapena kuchita zina zofunika, mukumva kuwawa, kapena muli ndi zilonda kapena zilonda mwendo zomwe sizichira. Zosankha ndi izi:

• Ndondomeko yotsegulira mitsempha yamagazi yochepetsetsa kapena yotseka yomwe imapereka magazi kumapazi anu
• Kuchita opareshoni kuti mupezenso magazi mozungulira mtsempha wotsekedwa

Anthu ena omwe ali ndi PAD angafunikire kuchotsedwa mwendo (kudula).

Matenda ambiri a PAD amiyendo amatha kuwongoleredwa popanda kuchitidwa opaleshoni. Ngakhale kuti opareshoni imapereka mpumulo wabwino wazizindikiro pamavuto akulu, njira za angioplasty ndi zonunkhira zikugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mochita opareshoni pafupipafupi.

Zovuta zingaphatikizepo:

• Kuundana kwamagazi kapena kuphatikizira komwe kumatseka mitsempha yaying'ono
• Mitsempha ya Coronary
• Mphamvu
• Zilonda zotseguka (zilonda zam'minyewa m'miyendo yam'munsi)
• Imfa yamatenda (chilonda)
• Mwendo kapena phazi lomwe lakhudzidwa lingafunike kudula

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati muli ndi:

• Mwendo kapena phazi lomwe limazizira pakukhudza, lotumbululuka, buluu, kapena dzanzi
• Kupweteka pachifuwa kapena kupuma pang'ono ndikumva kupweteka kwa mwendo
• Kupweteka kwa mwendo komwe sikutha, ngakhale simukuyenda kapena kusuntha (komwe kumatchedwa kupweteka kopuma)
• Miyendo yofiira, yotentha, kapena yotupa
• Zilonda / zilonda zatsopano
• Zizindikiro za matenda (malungo, kufiira, kudwala)
• Zizindikiro za arteriosclerosis yamapeto

Palibe mayeso owunikira omwe akulimbikitsidwa kuzindikira PAD mwa odwala omwe alibe zizindikiro.

Zina mwa zoopsa za matenda a mitsempha zomwe MUNGAZISinthe ndi izi:

• Osasuta. Ngati mumasuta, siyani.
• Kulamulira cholesterol yanu kudzera mu zakudya, masewera olimbitsa thupi, komanso mankhwala.
• Kulimbana ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi kudzera mu zakudya, masewera olimbitsa thupi, komanso mankhwala, ngati kuli kofunikira.
• Kuletsa matenda ashuga kudzera pakudya, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, komanso mankhwala, ngati kuli kofunikira.
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi osachepera mphindi 30 patsiku.
• Kukhala ndi thanzi labwino mwa kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi, kudya pang'ono, ndikulowa nawo pulogalamu yochepetsera thupi, ngati mukufuna kuchepetsa thupi.
• Kuphunzira njira zabwino zothanirana ndi kupsinjika m'makalasi apadera kapena mapulogalamu, kapena zinthu monga kusinkhasinkha kapena yoga.
• Kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zakumwa zomwe mumamwa ndikumwa kamodzi patsiku kwa amayi ndi 2 patsiku kwa amuna.

Zotumphukira mtima matenda; PVD; PAD; Matenda a Arteriosclerosis; Kutsekeka kwamitsempha yamiyendo; Kulongosola; Kulimbana kwapakati; Vaso-occlusive matenda amiyendo; Kulephera kwamiyendo kwamiyendo; Kobwerezabwereza mwendo cramping; Kupweteka kwa ng'ombe ndi kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi

• Angioplasty ndi stent mayikidwe - zotumphukira mitsempha - kutulutsa
• Mankhwala osokoneza bongo - P2Y12 inhibitors
• Cholesterol ndi moyo
• Mafuta azakudya anafotokoza
• Malangizo achangu
• Kudulidwa kwamapazi - kutulutsa
• Momwe mungawerenge zolemba za chakudya
• Kudulidwa mwendo - kutulutsa
• Kudulidwa mwendo kapena phazi - kusintha kosintha
• Zakudya zaku Mediterranean
• Malire a zotumphukira zimadutsa - mwendo - kutulutsa

• Atherosclerosis wa malekezero
• Zozungulira zapambuyo mwendo - mndandanda

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