Zilonda zam'mimba

Ulcerative colitis ndi vuto lomwe chimango cha m'matumbo akulu (colon) ndi rectum chimatupa. Ndi mtundu wamatenda otupa (IBD). Matenda a Crohn ndi ofanana.

Zomwe zimayambitsa ulcerative colitis sizidziwika. Anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli ali ndi vuto ndi chitetezo chamthupi. Komabe, sizikudziwika ngati mavuto amthupi amayambitsa matendawa. Kupsinjika ndi zakudya zina zimatha kuyambitsa zizindikilo, koma sizimayambitsa ulcerative colitis.

Ulcerative colitis ingakhudze msinkhu uliwonse. Pali nsonga zapakati pa 15 mpaka 30 ndiyeno zaka 50 mpaka 70.

Matendawa amayamba m'mbali yammbali. Itha kukhala m'matumbo kapena kufalikira kumadera akutumbo. Komabe, matendawa samadumpha madera. Zitha kuphatikizira m'matumbo onse akulu pakapita nthawi.

Zowopsa zimaphatikizaponso mbiri ya banja la ulcerative colitis kapena matenda ena amadzimadzi okhaokha, kapena makolo achiyuda.

Zizindikiro zake zimakhala zovuta kwambiri. Amatha kuyamba pang'onopang'ono kapena mwadzidzidzi. Theka la anthu amangokhala ndi zizindikilo zofatsa. Ena amakhala ndi zovuta zowopsa zomwe zimachitika pafupipafupi. Zinthu zambiri zingayambitse kuukira.

Zizindikiro zimaphatikizapo:

• Zowawa m'mimba (m'mimba) ndi kupindika.
• Phokoso kapena kuwaza komwe kumamveka pamatumbo.
• Magazi komanso mafinya m'mipando.
• Kutsekula m'mimba, kuchokera m'magawo ochepa mpaka pafupipafupi.
• Malungo.
• Mukumva kuti muyenera kudutsa masitepe, ngakhale matumbo anu alibe kale. Zitha kuphatikizira kupsinjika, kupweteka, ndi kupweteka (tenesmus).
• Kuchepetsa thupi.

Kukula kwa ana kumatha kuchepa.

Zizindikiro zina zomwe zimachitika ndi ulcerative colitis ndi izi:

• Ululu wophatikizana ndi kutupa
• Zilonda za pakamwa (zilonda)
• Nseru ndi kusanza
• Ziphuphu zakhungu kapena zilonda

Colonoscopy yokhala ndi biopsy imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pofufuza ulcerative colitis. Colonoscopy imagwiritsidwanso ntchito kuwunikira anthu omwe ali ndi ulcerative colitis a khansa ya m'matumbo.

Mayesero ena omwe angachitike kuti athetse vutoli ndi awa:

• Enema wa Barium
• Kuwerengera kwathunthu kwa magazi (CBC)
• Mapuloteni othandizira C (CRP)
• Mlingo wa sedimentation wa erythrocyte (ESR)
• Chopondapo calprotectin kapena lactoferrin
• Ma antibody amayesedwa ndi magazi

Nthawi zina, kuyesa kwamatumbo ang'onoang'ono kumafunika kusiyanitsa pakati pa ulcerative colitis ndi matenda a Crohn, kuphatikiza:

• Kujambula kwa CT
• MRI
• Phunziro lapamwamba la endoscopy kapena kapisozi
• MR zolemba

Zolinga zamankhwala ndi:

• Sungani ziwopsezo zazikulu
• Pewani kuukira mobwerezabwereza
• Thandizani colon kuti ichiritse

Panthawi yovuta kwambiri, mungafunike kuti mukalandire chithandizo kuchipatala chifukwa chakuzunzidwa kwambiri. Dokotala wanu akhoza kukupatsani corticosteroids. Mutha kupatsidwa michere kudzera mumtsempha (IV mzere).

Zakudya ndi zakudya zabwino

Mitundu ina ya zakudya imatha kukulitsa kutsekula m'mimba komanso zizindikilo za mpweya. Vutoli limakhala lokulirapo panthawi yakudwala. Malingaliro azakudya ndi awa:

• Idyani chakudya chochepa tsiku lonse.
• Imwani madzi ambiri (imwani pang'ono patsiku).
• Pewani zakudya zamafuta ambiri (chinangwa, nyemba, mtedza, nthangala, ndi mbuluuli).
• Pewani mafuta, mafuta kapena zakudya zokazinga ndi msuzi (batala, margarine, ndi heavy cream).
• Chepetsani mkaka ngati mulibe lactose. Zogulitsa mkaka ndizochokera ku protein komanso calcium.

KUDANDAULA

Mutha kukhala ndi nkhawa, kuchita manyazi, kapenanso kukhumudwa kapena kupsinjika chifukwa chochita matumbo. Zochitika zina zovuta pamoyo wanu, monga kusuntha, kapena kutaya ntchito kapena wokondedwa zitha kuyambitsa mavuto am'mimba.

Funsani wothandizira zaumoyo wanu zaupangiri wamomwe mungathetsere kupsinjika kwanu.

MANKHWALA

Mankhwala omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuchepetsa chiopsezo ndi awa:

• 5-aminosalicylates monga mesalamine kapena sulfasalazine, omwe angathandize kuwongolera zizindikilo zolimbitsa thupi. Mitundu ina ya mankhwala amatengedwa pakamwa. Zina ziyenera kulowetsedwa mu rectum.
• Mankhwala othandizira chitetezo cha mthupi.
• Corticosteroids monga prednisone. Amatha kutengedwa pakamwa pakamayaka kapena kulowetsedwa mu rectum.
• Ma immunomodulators, mankhwala omwe amatengedwa pakamwa omwe amakhudza chitetezo chamthupi, monga azathioprine ndi 6-MP.
• Thandizo la biologic, ngati simukuyankha mankhwala ena.
• Acetaminophen (Tylenol) itha kuthandiza kuthetsa ululu pang'ono. Pewani mankhwala monga aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), kapena naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn). Izi zitha kukulitsa matenda anu.

KUGWIDWA

Opaleshoni yochotsa m'matumbo imachiza zilonda zam'mimba ndikuchotsa chiwopsezo cha khansa ya m'matumbo. Mungafunike kuchitidwa opaleshoni ngati muli ndi:

• Colitis yomwe sichiyankha kuchipatala chokwanira
• Zosintha pakatikati mwa colon zomwe zikusonyeza kuti chiwopsezo cha khansa chikuwonjezereka
• Mavuto akulu, monga kuphwanya koloni, kutuluka magazi kwambiri, kapena megacolon wa poizoni

Nthawi zambiri, colon yonse, kuphatikiza rectum, imachotsedwa. Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, mutha kukhala ndi:

• Kutsegula m'mimba mwanu kotchedwa stoma (ileostomy). Chopondapo chimatuluka kudzera pachitseko ichi.
• Njira yolumikizira matumbo ang'onoang'ono ndi anus kuti mupeze ntchito yabwinobwino.

Thandizo lachitetezo chaanthu limatha kuthandizira kupsinjika ndikuthana ndi matenda, ndipo mamembala am'magulu othandizira amathanso kukhala ndi malangizo othandizira kupeza chithandizo chabwino kwambiri ndikuthana ndi vutoli.

Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America (CCFA) ili ndi zidziwitso ndi maulalo othandizira magulu.

Zizindikiro ndizofatsa pafupifupi theka la anthu omwe ali ndi ulcerative colitis. Zizindikiro zowopsa sizingayankhe bwino mankhwala.

Mankhwala amatheka pokhapokha kuchotsa kwathunthu m'matumbo.

Kuopsa kwa khansa ya m'matumbo kumawonjezeka mzaka khumi zilizonse pambuyo poti ulcerative colitis ipezeka.

Muli ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha khansa yaying'ono yamatumbo ndi m'matumbo ngati muli ndi zilonda zam'mimba. Nthawi ina, omwe amakupatsani mwayi wanu angakulimbikitseni mayeso kuti awonetse khansa ya m'matumbo.

Zigawo zowopsa kwambiri zomwe zimabwereranso zimatha kupangitsa makoma amatumbo kukulira, ndikupangitsa kuti:

• Kuchepetsa koloni kapena kutsekeka (kofala kwambiri mu matenda a Crohn)
• Magawo akumwa magazi kwambiri
• Matenda owopsa
• Kukulira modzidzimutsa kwa m'matumbo akulu m'masiku amodzi kapena angapo (megacolon wa poizoni)
• Misozi kapena mabowo (zotsekemera) m'matumbo
• Kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, kuchepa kwamagazi

Mavuto oyamwa michere angapangitse kuti:

• Kuchepetsa mafupa (kufooka kwa mafupa)
• Mavuto okhala ndi thanzi labwino
• Kukula pang'onopang'ono ndi chitukuko mwa ana
• Kuchepa kwa magazi kapena kuchepa kwamagazi

Mavuto omwe angakhalepo ndi awa:

• Mtundu wa nyamakazi yomwe imakhudza mafupa ndi malo am'munsi mwa msana, komwe umalumikizana ndi mafupa (ankylosing spondylitis)
• Matenda a chiwindi
• Matenda ofiira, ofiira (ma nodule) pansi pa khungu, omwe amatha kusandulika zilonda pakhungu
• Zilonda kapena kutupa m'diso

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati:

• Mumakhala ndi ululu wam'mimba, magazi atsopano kapena owonjezera, malungo omwe samatha, kapena zizindikilo zina za ulcerative colitis
• Muli ndi ulcerative colitis ndipo zizindikilo zanu zimawonjezereka kapena sizikusintha ndi chithandizo
• Mumakhala ndi zizindikilo zatsopano

Palibe chodziwika chopewa vutoli.

Matenda otupa - zilonda zam'mimba; IBD - zilonda zam'mimba; Matenda; Proctitis; Zilonda zam'mimba proctitis

• Zakudya za Bland
• Kusintha thumba lanu la ostomy
• Kutsekula m'mimba - zomwe mungafunse wothandizira zaumoyo wanu - wamkulu
• Ileostomy ndi mwana wanu
• Ileostomy ndi zakudya zanu
• Ileostomy - kusamalira stoma yanu
• Ileostomy - kusintha thumba lanu
• Ileostomy - kumaliseche
• Ileostomy - zomwe mungafunse dokotala wanu
• Kutulutsa matumbo akulu - kutulutsa
• Kukhala ndi ileostomy yanu
• Zakudya zochepa
• Colectomy yathunthu kapena proctocolectomy - kutulutsa
• Mitundu ya ileostomy
• Anam`peza matenda am`matumbo - kumaliseche

• Zojambulajambula
• Dongosolo m'mimba
• Zilonda zam'mimba

Goldblum JR, Matumbo akulu. Mu: Goldblum JR, Nyali LW, McKenney JK, Myers JL, olemba. Rosai ndi Ackerman's Surgical Pathology. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: mutu 17.

Mowat C, Cole A, Windsor A, ndi al. Malangizo othandizira kusamalira matenda opatsirana mwa akulu. Chiwindi. 2011; 60 (5): 571-607. PMID: 21464096 adatulutsidwa.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21464096/.

Rubin DT, Ananthakrishnan AN, Siegel CA, Sauer BG, MD Wautali. Malangizo azachipatala a ACG: zilonda zam'mimba mwa akulu. Ndine J Gastroenterol. 2019: 114 (3): 384-413. PMID: 30840605 pubed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30840605/.

Ungaro R, Mehandru S, Allen PB, Peyrin-Biroulet L, Colombel JF. Zilonda zam'mimba. Lancet. 2017; 389 (10080): 1756-1770. (Adasankhidwa) PMID: 27914657 pubed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27914657/.