Kwashiorkor

Kwashiorkor ndi mtundu wa kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi komwe kumachitika pakakhala kuti mulibe mapuloteni okwanira.

Kwashiorkor amapezeka kwambiri m'malo omwe muli:

• Njala
• Chakudya chochepa
• Maphunziro ochepa (anthu akamamvetsetsa momwe angadye chakudya choyenera)

Matendawa amapezeka kwambiri m'maiko osauka kwambiri. Zitha kuchitika pa:

• Chilala kapena tsoka lina lachilengedwe, kapena
• Zipolowe zandale.

Zochitika izi nthawi zambiri zimabweretsa kusowa kwa chakudya, kumayambitsa kusowa kwa zakudya m'thupi.

Kwashiorkor ndi osowa mwa ana ku United States. Pali zochitika zokha. Komabe, kafukufuku wina waboma akuwonetsa kuti pafupifupi theka la okalamba omwe amakhala m'malo osungira anthu ku United States samalandira mapuloteni okwanira pazakudya zawo.

Kwashiorkor akachitika ku United States, nthawi zambiri chimakhala chizindikiro chakuzunza ana ndi kunyalanyazidwa kwambiri.

Zizindikiro zake ndi izi:

• Kusintha kwa khungu
• Kuchepetsa minofu
• Kutsekula m'mimba
• Kulephera kunenepa ndikukula
• Kutopa
• Kusintha kwa tsitsi (kusintha mtundu kapena kapangidwe kake)
• Kuchulukanso komanso matenda owopsa chifukwa cha chitetezo chamthupi
• Kukwiya
• Mimba yayikulu yomwe imatuluka (kutuluka)
• Kulekerera kapena mphwayi
• Kutayika kwa minofu
• Ziphuphu (dermatitis)
• Shock (mochedwa siteji)
• Kutupa (edema)

Kuyezetsa thupi kumatha kuwonetsa chiwindi chokulitsa (hepatomegaly) ndi kutupa kwakukulu.

Mayeso atha kuphatikiza:

• Magazi amitsempha yamagazi
• BUNI
• Kuwerengera kwathunthu kwa magazi (CBC)
• Chilolezo cha Creatinine
• Seramu wopanga
• Seramu potaziyamu
• Mapuloteni onse
• Kupenda kwamadzi

Anthu omwe amayamba kuchira msanga amatha kuchira bwino. Cholinga ndikutenga zakudya zopatsa mphamvu komanso zomanga thupi m'zakudya zawo. Ana omwe ali ndi matendawa sangathe kufikira msinkhu wawo wonse ndikukula.

Ma calories amaperekedwa koyamba ngati ma carbohydrate, shuga osavuta, ndi mafuta. Mapuloteni amayamba pambuyo poti zina zowonjezera zopatsa mphamvu zapereka kale mphamvu. Mavitamini ndi mavitamini adzapatsidwa.

Chakudya chiyenera kuyambidwanso pang'onopang'ono popeza munthuyo wakhala wopanda chakudya chokwanira kwa nthawi yayitali. Mwadzidzidzi kudya zakudya zopatsa mphamvu kungayambitse mavuto.

Ana ambiri operewera zakudya m'thupi amatha kusalolera mkaka shuga (kusagwirizana kwa lactose). Ayenera kupatsidwa zowonjezera ndi ma enzyme lactase kuti athe kupirira mkaka.

Anthu omwe ali ndi mantha amafunikira chithandizo nthawi yomweyo kuti abwezeretse kuchuluka kwa magazi ndikusungabe kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Kulandila chithandizo mwachangu nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa zotsatira zabwino. Kuchiza kwashiorkor kumapeto kwake kumathandizira kuti mwana akhale ndi thanzi labwino. Komabe, mwanayo amatha kumangokhala ndi mavuto okhazikika amthupi komanso amisala. Ngati chithandizo sichikuperekedwa kapena chikuchedwa mochedwa, vutoli ndi loopsa.

Zovuta zingaphatikizepo:

• Coma
• Kulemala kwamuyaya kwamaganizidwe ndi thupi
• Chodabwitsa

Itanani azachipatala ngati mwana wanu ali ndi zizindikiro za kwashiorkor.

Pofuna kupewa kwashiorkor, onetsetsani kuti chakudya chanu chili ndi chakudya chokwanira, mafuta (osachepera 10% ya ma calories onse), ndi mapuloteni (12% ya mafuta onse).

Mapuloteni kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi; Mapuloteni-kalori kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi; Kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi

• Zizindikiro za Kwashiorkor

Ashworth A. Zakudya zabwino, chitetezo cha chakudya, komanso thanzi. Mu: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, olemba. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. Wolemba 21. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 57.

Manary MJ, Trehan I. Kuperewera kwa mphamvu zama protein. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 203.