Chidziwitso

Hemochromatosis ndimkhalidwe wokhala ndi chitsulo chochuluka mthupi. Amatchedwanso chitsulo chambiri.

Hemochromatosis itha kukhala matenda amtundu wopatsirana kudzera m'mabanja.

• Anthu omwe ali ndi mtundu uwu amatenga chitsulo chochulukirapo kudzera m'matumbo awo. Iron imamangirira mthupi. Chiwindi, mtima, kapamba ndi ziwalo zofala komwe chitsulo chimamangirirapo.
• Ilipo pakubadwa, koma mwina singapezeke kwazaka zambiri.

Hemochromatosis ikhozanso kuchitika chifukwa cha:

• Matenda ena amwazi, monga thalassemia kapena anemias ena. Kuikidwa magazi kochuluka pakapita nthawi kumatha kubweretsa chitsulo.
• Kumwa mowa kwa nthawi yayitali ndi zina zathanzi.

Matendawa amakhudza amuna ambiri kuposa akazi. Zimakhala zofala kwa azungu ochokera kumwera kwa Europe.

Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikizira izi:

• Kupweteka m'mimba
• Kutopa, kusowa mphamvu, kufooka
• Mdima wakuda wakuda (womwe nthawi zambiri umatchedwa bronzing)
• Ululu wophatikizana
• Kutaya tsitsi
• Kutaya chilakolako chogonana
• Kuchepetsa thupi

Wothandizira zaumoyo adzayesa. Izi zitha kuwonetsa kutupa kwa chiwindi ndi ndulu, komanso kusintha kwa khungu.

Kuyezetsa magazi kungathandize kuti matendawa adziwe. Mayeso atha kuphatikiza:

• Mulingo wa Ferritin
• Mlingo wachitsulo
• Peresenti ya kusintha kwa machulukidwe (okwera)
• Kuyesedwa kwachibadwa

Mayesero ena atha kuphatikizira:

• Mlingo wa shuga wamagazi (shuga)
• Alpha fetoprotein
• Echocardiogram kuti muwone momwe mtima ukugwirira ntchito
• Electrocardiogram (ECG) kuti muwone momwe magetsi amagwirira ntchito pamtima
• Kujambula mayeso monga CT scan, MRI, ndi ultrasound
• Kuyesa kwa chiwindi

Vutoli likhoza kutsimikiziridwa ndi kuyezetsa chiwindi kapena kuyesa majini. Ngati vuto lobadwa nalo latsimikiziridwa, kuyesa magazi ena atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti mudziwe ngati abale ena ali pachiwopsezo chazitsulo zochulukirapo.

Cholinga cha chithandizo ndikuchotsa chitsulo chowonjezera m'thupi ndikuchiza chiwonongeko chilichonse.

Njira yotchedwa phlebotomy ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yochotsera chitsulo m'thupi:

• Magazi theka la magazi amachotsedwa mthupi sabata iliyonse mpaka malo ogulitsira ayironi atha. Izi zitha kutenga miyezi yambiri kuti muchite.
• Pambuyo pake, njirayi imatha kuchitika pafupipafupi kuti musunge chitsulo chosungika.

Chifukwa chomwe njirayi imafunikira zimatengera zizindikiritso zanu ndi kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ndi serum ferritin komanso kuchuluka kwa chitsulo chomwe mumadya.

Mavuto ena azaumoyo monga matenda ashuga, kuchepa kwa testosterone mwa amuna, nyamakazi, kulephera kwa chiwindi, komanso kulephera kwa mtima kumathandizidwa.

Ngati mutapezeka kuti muli ndi hemochromatosis, omwe amakupatsani angakulimbikitseni zakudya kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa chitsulo kudzera munjira yanu yogaya chakudya. Wopezayo angakulimbikitseni izi:

• Musamwe mowa, makamaka ngati chiwindi chawonongeka.
• Musamamwe mapiritsi azitsulo kapena mavitamini okhala ndi ayironi.
• Musagwiritse ntchito chophikira chitsulo.
• Chepetsani zakudya zolimbitsidwa ndi chitsulo, monga 100% yachitsulo cham'mawa chokhazikika.

Kusachiritsidwa, kuchuluka kwachitsulo kumatha kubweretsa kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi.

Chitsulo chowonjezeranso chimatha kumangika m'malo ena amthupi, kuphatikiza chithokomiro, machende, kapamba, khungu la pituitary, mtima, kapena mafupa. Chithandizo choyambirira chitha kuthandiza kupewa zovuta monga matenda a chiwindi, matenda amtima, nyamakazi kapena matenda ashuga.

Momwe mumakhalira bwino zimatengera kuchuluka kwa ziwalo. Zowonongeka zina zimatha kusinthidwa hemochromatosis ikazindikira msanga ndikuchitiridwa nkhanza ndi phlebotomy.

Zovuta zimaphatikizapo:

• Chiwindi matenda enaake
• Kulephera kwa chiwindi
• Khansa ya chiwindi

Matendawa atha kukulitsa:

• Nyamakazi
• Matenda a shuga
• Mavuto amtima
• Kuchulukitsa chiwopsezo cha matenda ena a bakiteriya
• Mayeso a atrophy
• Mtundu wa khungu umasintha

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati zizindikiro za hemochromatosis zikuyamba.

Funsani nthawi yokumana ndi omwe amakupatsani (kuti akuwunikireni) ngati wachibale wanu wapezeka ndi hemochromatosis.

Kuwonetsa achibale omwe ali ndi hemochromatosis amatha kuzindikira matendawa mwachangu kuti azitha kulandira chithandizo chisanachitike kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo kwa abale ena omwe akhudzidwa.

Chitsulo chimadzaza; Kuika magazi - hemochromatosis

• Matenda a hepatomegaly

Bacon BR, Fleming RE. Chidziwitso. Mu: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, olemba. Sleisenger ndi Fordtran's Mimba ndi Matenda a Chiwindi: Pathophysiology / Diagnosis / Management. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: mutu 75.

Brittenham GM. Zovuta za iron homeostasis: kusowa kwachitsulo komanso kuchuluka kwambiri. Mu: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, olemba. Hematology: Mfundo Zoyambira ndi Zochita. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: mutu 36.