Matenda a mkaka-alkali

Matenda a mkaka-alkali ndimkhalidwe womwe mumakhala calcium yambiri mthupi (hypercalcemia). Izi zimapangitsa kusintha kwa asidi / kuchepa kwa thupi kupita ku alkaline (metabolic alkalosis). Zotsatira zake, pakhoza kukhala kuchepa kwa ntchito ya impso.

Matenda a mkaka-alkali nthawi zambiri amayamba chifukwa chotenga calcium zowonjezera zowonjezera, nthawi zambiri ngati calcium carbonate. Calcium carbonate ndi yowonjezera calcium. Nthawi zambiri amatengedwa kuti ateteze kapena kuchiza kufooka kwa mafupa (kufooka kwa mafupa). Calcium carbonate ndichinthu chophatikizira chomwe chimapezeka mu maantacid (monga Tums).

Mulingo wambiri wa vitamini D m'thupi, monga kumwa mankhwala owonjezera, umatha kukulitsa matenda amkaka-alkali.

Kalasi yomwe imasungidwa mu impso ndi minofu ina imatha kupezeka mu matenda a mkaka-alkali.

Poyambirira, vutoli nthawi zambiri silikhala ndi zisonyezo (asymptomatic). Zizindikiro zikachitika, zimatha kuphatikiza:

• Kubwerera, pakati pa thupi, ndi kupweteka kwakumbuyo m'dera la impso (zokhudzana ndi miyala ya impso)
• Kusokonezeka, khalidwe lachilendo
• Kudzimbidwa
• Matenda okhumudwa
• Kukodza kwambiri
• Kutopa
• Kugunda kwamtima kosafunikira (arrhythmia)
• Nseru kapena kusanza
• Mavuto ena omwe amabwera chifukwa cha kulephera kwa impso

Mavitamini a calcium mkati mwa impso (nephrocalcinosis) amatha kuwoneka pa:

• X-ray
• Kujambula kwa CT
• Ultrasound

Mayesero ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti apeze matenda angaphatikizepo:

• Magulu a Electrolyte kuti aone kuchuluka kwa mchere m'thupi
• Electrocardiogram (ECG) kuti muwone momwe magetsi amagwirira ntchito pamtima
• Electroencephalogram (EEG) kuyeza zamagetsi zamaubongo
• Mlingo wa kusefera kwa Glomerular (GFR) kuti muwone momwe impso zikugwirira ntchito
• Mulingo wama calcium

Pazovuta kwambiri, chithandizo chimaphatikizapo kupatsa madzi kudzera mumitsempha (mwa IV). Kupanda kutero, chithandizo chimaphatikizapo kumwa zakumwa pamodzi ndi kuchepetsa kapena kuletsa zowonjezera calcium ndi maantacid okhala ndi calcium. Vitamini D zowonjezera zimafunikanso kuchepetsedwa kapena kuyimitsidwa.

Vutoli nthawi zambiri limasinthidwa ngati ntchito ya impso ikhala yachilendo. Matenda ataliatali atha kubweretsa kufooka kwa impso komwe kumafuna dialysis.

Mavuto omwe amapezeka kwambiri ndi awa:

• Calcium imayikidwa m'matumba (calcinosis)
• Impso kulephera
• Miyala ya impso

Lumikizanani ndi omwe amakuthandizani ngati:

• Mumatenga calcium zowonjezera zowonjezera kapena mumagwiritsa ntchito maantacid okhala ndi calcium, monga Tums. Mungafunike kufufuzidwa ngati muli ndi matenda a mkaka-alkali.
• Muli ndi zizindikilo zilizonse zomwe zingawonetse vuto la impso.

Ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito ma antiacid okhala ndi calcium nthawi zambiri, uzani omwe amakupatsani zovuta zam'mimba. Ngati mukuyesetsa kupewa kufooka kwa mafupa, musatenge calcium yopitilira 1.2 magalamu (1200 milligram) pokhapokha mutalangizidwa ndi omwe amakupatsani.

Matenda a calcium-alkali; Matenda a Cope; Matenda a Burnett; Hypercalcemia; Matenda a calcium metabolism

Wotsutsa FR, Demay MB, Kronenberg HM. Mahomoni ndi zovuta zama metabolism amchere. Mu: Melmed S, Auchus RJ, Goldfine AB, Koenig RJ, Rosen CJ, olemba. Buku la Williams la Endocrinology. Wolemba 14th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 29.

DuBose TD. Kagayidwe kachakudya alkalosis. Mu: Gilbert SJ, Weiner DE, olemba., Eds. National Impso Foundation Primer pa Matenda a Impso. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: mutu 14.