Bulimia

Bulimia ndi vuto la kudya momwe munthu amadya nthawi yayitali kwambiri (kumangodya) pomwe munthu amadzimva kuti walephera kudya. Kenako munthuyo amagwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana, monga kusanza kapena mankhwala ofewetsa tuvi tolimba (kutsuka), pofuna kunenepa.

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi bulimia amakhalanso ndi anorexia.

Amayi ambiri kuposa amuna ali ndi bulimia. Matendawa amapezeka kwambiri pakati pa atsikana ndi atsikana. Nthawi zambiri munthuyo amadziwa kuti momwe amadyera si zachilendo. Amatha kukhala ndi mantha kapena kudzimva kuti ndi wolakwa chifukwa chazomwe amachita.

Zomwe zimayambitsa bulimia sizikudziwika. Chibadwa, malingaliro, banja, gulu, kapena chikhalidwe zimatha kutenga nawo gawo. Bulimia ndiyotheka chifukwa cha zinthu zingapo.

Ndi bulimia, kudya ma binges kumatha kuchitika kangapo patsiku kwa miyezi yambiri. Nthawi zambiri munthuyo amadya chakudya chambiri chambiri, nthawi zambiri mobisa. M'magawo awa, munthuyo amadzimva kuti alibe mphamvu pakudya.

Binges zimayambitsa kudzinyansa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuyeretsa kuti muchepetse kunenepa. Kutsuka kungaphatikizepo:

• Kudzikakamiza kusanza
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ofewetsa tuvi tolimba, enemas, kapena diuretics (mapiritsi amadzi)

Kutsuka nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa mpumulo.

Anthu omwe ali ndi bulimia nthawi zambiri amakhala onenepa, koma amatha kudziona kuti ndi onenepa kwambiri. Chifukwa kulemera kwa munthu nthawi zambiri kumakhala kwabwinobwino, anthu ena sangazindikire vuto lakudya.

Zizindikiro zomwe anthu ena amatha kuwona ndi izi:

• Kuthera nthawi yochuluka mukuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi
• Mwadzidzidzi kudya chakudya chochuluka kapena kugula chakudya chochuluka chomwe chimasowa nthawi yomweyo
• Kupita ku bafa mukangomaliza kudya
• Kutaya phukusi la laxatives, mapiritsi azakudya, ma emetics (mankhwala omwe amasanza), kapena okodzetsa

Kuyezetsa mano kumatha kuwonetsa zotupa kapena chingamu (monga gingivitis). Enamel wa mano amatha kutha kapena kubowoleza chifukwa chowonekera kwambiri mu asidi m'masanzi.

Kuyezetsa thupi kumawonekeranso:

• Mitsempha yamagazi yosweka m'maso (kuchokera pamtundu wosanza)
• Pakamwa pouma
• Kuyang'ana ngati thumba kumasaya
• Ziphuphu ndi ziphuphu
• Kuchepetsa pang'ono ndi kuyimba pamwamba pamiyendo yamagulu pakudzikakamiza kusanza

Kuyezetsa magazi kumatha kuwonetsa kusamvana kwa ma electrolyte (monga potaziyamu wochepa) kapena kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi.

Anthu omwe ali ndi bulimia nthawi zambiri samapita kuchipatala, pokhapokha:

• Khalani ndi matenda a anorexia
• Khalani ndi kukhumudwa kwakukulu
• Amafuna mankhwala kuti awathandize kusiya kusamba

Nthawi zambiri, njira yodutsamo imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza bulimia. Chithandizo chimadalira kukula kwa bulimia, komanso momwe munthu amathandizira ndi mankhwala:

• Magulu othandizira akhoza kukhala othandiza ku bulimia wofatsa popanda mavuto ena azaumoyo.
• Uphungu, monga mankhwala olankhulira ndi chithandizo chamagulu ndi mankhwala oyamba a bulimia omwe samayankha magulu othandizira.
• Mankhwala omwe amathandizanso kukhumudwa, omwe amadziwika kuti serotonin-reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa bulimia. Kuphatikiza chithandizo chamankhwala ndi ma SSRIs kungathandize, ngati chithandizo chamankhwala chokha sichikugwira ntchito.

Anthu amatha kusiya mapulogalamu ngati ali ndi chiyembekezo chosatheka "kuchiritsidwa" ndi chithandizo chokha. Pulogalamu isanayambe, anthu ayenera kudziwa kuti:

• Mankhwala osiyanasiyana adzafunika kuthana ndi vutoli.
• Zimakhala zachilendo kuti bulimia ibwererenso (kubwerera), ndipo ichi sichomwe chimayambitsa kukhumudwa.
• Njirayi ndi yopweteka, ndipo munthuyo ndi banja lake adzafunika kugwira ntchito molimbika.

Kupsinjika kwa matenda kumatha kuchepetsedwa polowa nawo gulu lothandizira. Kugawana ndi ena omwe akumana ndi mavuto omwe akukumana nawo kungakuthandizeni kuti musamve nokha.

Bulimia ndi matenda okhalitsa. Anthu ambiri amakhala ndi zizindikilo zina, ngakhale atalandira chithandizo chamankhwala.

Anthu omwe ali ndi mavuto ochepa azachipatala a bulimia ndipo omwe akufuna komanso omwe angathe kuchita nawo zamankhwala ali ndi mwayi wabwino wochira.

Bulimia ikhoza kukhala yowopsa. Zingayambitse matenda aakulu pakapita nthawi. Mwachitsanzo, kusanza mobwerezabwereza kungayambitse:

• Asidi wam'mimba mummero (chubu chomwe chimasamutsa chakudya kuchokera mkamwa kupita m'mimba). Izi zitha kubweretsa kuwonongeka kosatha kwa malowa.
• Misozi m'mimba.
• Meno a mano.
• Kutupa kwa mmero.

Kusanza ndi kumwa mopitilira muyeso mankhwala opatsirana pogonana kapena mankhwala ofewetsa tuvi tosiyanasiyana kungayambitse:

• Thupi lanu lopanda madzi ndi madzi ambiri momwe liyenera kukhalira
• Kuchuluka kwa potaziyamu m'magazi, zomwe zingayambitse mavuto oopsa a mtima
• Malo olimba kapena kudzimbidwa
• Minyewa
• Kuwonongeka kwa kapamba

Itanani kuti mudzakumane ndi wothandizira zaumoyo wanu ngati inu kapena mwana wanu muli ndi vuto la kudya.

Bulimia mantha; Binge-purge machitidwe; Matenda akudya - bulimia

• M'mimba dongosolo

Msonkhano wa American Psychiatric. Kudyetsa ndi mavuto azakudya. Mu: Kusanthula ndi Buku Lophatikiza la Mavuto Amisala. 5th ed. Arlington, VA: Kusindikiza kwa Psychiatric kwa America. 2013: 329-354.

Kreipe RE, TB Yovuta. Mavuto akudya. Mu: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, olemba. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. Wolemba 21. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: mutu 41.

Tsekani J, La Via MC; American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (AACAP) Komiti Yokhudza Mavuto Abwino (CQI). Yesetsani kuwerengera ndikuwunika kwa ana ndi achinyamata omwe ali ndi vuto la kudya. J Am Acad Mwana Adolesc Psychiatry. 2015; 54 (5): 412-425.PMID: 25901778 pubed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25901778/.

Matenda a Tanofsky-Kraff M. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 206.

A Thomas JJ, Mickley DW, Derenne JL, Klibanski A, Murray HB, Eddy KT. Zovuta pakudya: kuwunika ndi kuwongolera. Mu: Stern TA, Fava M, Wilens TE, Rosenbaum JF, olemba. Chipatala cha Massachusetts General Hospital Comprehensive Clinical Psychiatry. Wachiwiri ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 37.