Opaleshoni yochepetsa thupi ndi ana

Kunenepa kwambiri kwa ana ndi achinyamata ndi vuto lalikulu lathanzi. Pafupifupi mwana m'modzi mwa 6 ku United States ndi wonenepa.

Mwana wonenepa kwambiri kapena wonenepa amatha kukhala wonenepa kapena wonenepa akadzakula.

Ana omwe ali ndi kunenepa kwambiri amakhala ndi mavuto azaumoyo omwe amawoneka achikulire okha. Mavutowa akayamba muubwana, nthawi zambiri amakula akakula. Mwana wonenepa kwambiri kapena wonenepa amakhalanso ndi mavuto monga:

• Kudziyang'anira pansi
• Osakhoza bwino kusukulu
• Matenda okhumudwa

Akuluakulu ambiri omwe amachita opaleshoni yochepetsa thupi amatha kuchepa thupi. Kuchepetsa thupi kumeneku kumatha kukhala ndi maubwino azaumoyo monga:

• Kulamulira bwino kwa matenda ashuga
• Kuchepetsa cholesterol ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi
• Mavuto ochepa ogona

Ku United States, ntchito zochepetsa thupi zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi achinyamata. Pambuyo pa opaleshoni iliyonse yolemetsa, mwana wanu:

• Khalani ndi m'mimba pang'ono
• Muzimva kukhuta kapena kukhuta ndi chakudya chochepa
• Simungathe kudya zochuluka monga kale

Ntchito yofala kwambiri yomwe achinyamata akupereka tsopano ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino a m'mimba.

Kusintha mabandeji am'mimba ndimtundu wina wa opaleshoni yochepetsa thupi. Komabe, njirayi idasinthidwa makamaka ndi malaya a m'mimba.

Ntchito zonse zolemetsa zitha kuchitidwa kudzera pakucheka pang'ono kwa 5 mpaka 6 pamimba. Izi zimatchedwa opaleshoni ya laparoscopic.

Ana ambiri omwe amachita opaleshoni yochepetsa thupi amakhala ndi mavuto azaumoyo okhudzana ndi kunenepa kwambiri.

Zomwe zili m'munsizi zikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi madokotala ambiri kusankha omwe angathandizidwe kwambiri pochita opaleshoni yochepetsa thupi. Koma si madokotala onse omwe amavomereza pankhaniyi. Malangizo onse ndi awa:

BMI yazaka 35 kapena kupitilira apo komanso matenda athanzi okhudzana ndi kunenepa kwambiri, monga:

• Matenda ashuga (shuga wambiri wamagazi)
• Pseudotumor cerebri (kuthamanga kwakukulu mkati mwa chigaza)
• Kupuma pang'ono kapena tulo tofa nato (zizindikiro zimaphatikizapo kugona tulo masana ndikulira mokweza, kupumira, komanso kupuma mutagona)
• Kutupa kwambiri kwa chiwindi komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha mafuta ochulukirapo

BMI yazaka 40 kapena kupitilira apo.

Zinthu zina ziyenera kuganiziridwanso mwana kapena wachinyamata asanachite opaleshoni yolemetsa.

• Mwanayo sanathe kuchepetsa thupi ali pa pulogalamu ya zakudya ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi kwa miyezi yosachepera 6, ali pansi pa chisamaliro cha dokotala.
• Wachinyamata ayenera kumaliza kumaliza kukula (nthawi zambiri azaka 13 kapena kupitilira atsikana ndi wazaka 15 kapena kupitilira anyamata).
• Makolo ndi achinyamata ayenera kumvetsetsa ndikukhala okonzeka kutsatira zosintha zambiri pamoyo zomwe zimafunikira atachitidwa opaleshoni.
• Wachinyamata sanagwiritsepo zinthu zosavomerezeka (mowa kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo) m'miyezi 12 asanachite opareshoni.

Ana omwe ali ndi opareshoni yolemetsa ayenera kulandira chisamaliro ku malo opangira ma bariatric achinyamata. Kumeneko, gulu la akatswiri lidzawapatsa chisamaliro chapadera chomwe amafunikira.

Kafukufuku yemwe wachitika pa opaleshoni ya bariatric mwa achinyamata akuwonetsa kuti ntchitoyi ndiyotetezeka pagululi ngati akulu. Komabe, sikuti kafukufuku wambiri wachitika kuti awone ngati pali zovuta zazitali zomwe zingachitike pakukula kwa achinyamata omwe amachitidwa opaleshoni yochepetsa thupi.

Matupi a achinyamata akusinthabe ndikusintha. Ayenera kusamala kuti apeze michere yokwanira panthawi yakuchepetsa thupi atachita opaleshoni.

Opaleshoni yodutsa m'mimba imasintha momwe zakudya zina zimayambira. Achinyamata omwe ali ndi opaleshoni yotereyi ayenera kumwa mavitamini ndi mchere kwa moyo wawo wonse. Nthawi zambiri, malaya am'mimba samayambitsa kusintha kwamomwe zakudya zimayambira. Komabe, achinyamata angafunikirebe kumwa mavitamini ndi mchere.

Boyett D, Magnuson T, Schweitzer M. Kusintha kwama metabolic kutsatira opaleshoni ya bariatric. Mu: Cameron JL, Cameron AM, olemba, eds. Chithandizo Chamakono Cha Opaleshoni. Wolemba 12. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: chap 802-806.

Gahagan S. Kulemera kwambiri ndi kunenepa kwambiri. Mu: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Schor NF, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, olemba. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. Wolemba 21. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 60.

[Adasankhidwa] Marcdante KJ, Kliegman RM. Kunenepa kwambiri. Mu: Marcdante KJ, Kliegman RM, olemba. Nelson Zofunikira pa Matenda a Ana. 8th ed. Zowonjezera; 2019: mutu 29.

Mechanick JI, Youdim A, Jones DB, ndi al. Maupangiri azachipatala othandizira kuti azigwiritsa ntchito moperewera kwa thanzi, kagayidwe kachakudya, komanso chithandizo chamankhwala cha bariatric opangira - 2013 pomwe: yothandizidwa ndi American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, Obesity Society, ndi American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery. Zochita za Endocr. 2013; 19 (2): 337-372. PMID: 23529351 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23529351.

Pedroso FE, Angriman F, Endo A, Dasenbrock H, ndi al. Kuchepetsa thupi pambuyo pochitidwa opaleshoni ya bariatric kwa achinyamata onenepa kwambiri: kuwunika mwatsatanetsatane ndikuwunika meta. Opaleshoni Obes Rel Dis. 201; 14 (3): 413-422. (Adasankhidwa) PMID: 29248351 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29248351. (Adasankhidwa)