Matenda a Polycystic ovary

Matenda a Polycystic ovary (PCOS) ndimomwe mzimayi amawonjezera mahomoni amphongo (androgens). Mavuto ambiri amadza chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mahomoni, kuphatikiza:

• Zoyipa za msambo
• Kusabereka
• Mavuto akhungu monga ziphuphu komanso kukula kwa tsitsi
• Kuchuluka kwa zotupa zazing'ono m'mazira ochuluka

PCOS imagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusintha kwa mahomoni omwe amachititsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuti mazira azimasula mazira okhwima (okhwima). Zifukwa zosinthazi sizikudziwika. Mahomoni omwe amakhudzidwa ndi awa:

• Estrogen ndi progesterone, mahomoni achikazi omwe amathandiza mazira azimayi kutulutsa mazira
• Androgen, mahomoni amphongo omwe amapezeka pang'ono mwa akazi

Nthawi zambiri, dzira limodzi kapena angapo amamasulidwa panthawi ya mzimayi. Izi zimadziwika kuti ovulation. Nthawi zambiri, kutulutsa mazira kumachitika pafupifupi masabata awiri kuyambira msambo.

Mu PCOS, mazira okhwima samamasulidwa. M'malo mwake, amakhala m'mimba mwake ndi madzi pang'ono (cyst) owazungulira. Pakhoza kukhala zambiri za izi. Komabe, si amayi onse omwe ali ndi vutoli omwe amakhala ndi mazira ndi mawonekedwe awa.

Amayi omwe ali ndi PCOS amakhala ndimayendedwe pomwe ovulation samachitika mwezi uliwonse zomwe zingayambitse kusabereka Zizindikiro zina za matendawa zimachitika chifukwa cha mahomoni achimuna.

Nthawi zambiri, PCOS imapezeka mwa amayi azaka 20 kapena 30. Komabe, zimathanso kukhudza atsikana achichepere. Zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimayamba msambo wa atsikana ukayamba. Azimayi omwe ali ndi vutoli nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mayi kapena mlongo yemwe ali ndi zizindikilo zofananira.

Zizindikiro za PCOS zimaphatikizapo kusintha kwa msambo, monga:

• Osapeza nthawi mutakhala ndi chimodzi kapena zingapo zodziwika bwino mukamatha msinkhu (amenorrhea yachiwiri)
• Nthawi zosasinthika zomwe zimatha kubwera ndikupita, ndikukhala zopepuka kwambiri mpaka zolemera kwambiri

Zizindikiro zina za PCOS ndizo:

• Tsitsi lowonjezera lomwe limamera pachifuwa, pamimba, nkhope, komanso mozungulira mawere
• Ziphuphu kumaso, pachifuwa, kapena kumbuyo
• Kusintha kwa khungu, monga khungu lakuda kapena lakuda lakuda ndi zotupa kuzungulira khwapa, kubuula, khosi, ndi mabere

Kukula kwa mawonekedwe amphongo sikofala kwa PCOS ndipo kumatha kuwonetsa vuto lina. Zosintha zotsatirazi zitha kuwonetsa vuto lina kupatula PCOS:

• Tsitsi lakuthwa pamutu pakachisi, lotchedwa dazi la amuna
• Kukulitsa kwa clitoris
• Kuzama kwa mawu
• Kuchepetsa kukula kwa bere

Wothandizira zaumoyo wanu adzakuyesani. Izi ziphatikizanso mayeso a m'chiuno. Mayeso atha kuwonetsa:

• Kukulitsa mazira ambiri okhala ndi ma cyst ang'onoang'ono omwe amadziwika pa ultrasound
• Clitoris yowonjezera (yosowa kwambiri)

Matenda otsatirawa amapezeka mwa amayi omwe ali ndi PCOS:

• Kuteteza kwa insulin ndi matenda ashuga
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi
• Cholesterol wokwera
• Kulemera kunenepa kwambiri

Wopereka wanu amayang'ana kulemera kwanu ndi kuchuluka kwa thupi (BMI) ndikuyesa kukula kwa mimba yanu.

Mayeso amwazi amatha kuchitidwa kuti muwone kuchuluka kwa mahomoni. Mayesowa atha kuphatikiza:

• Mulingo wa Estrogen
• Mulingo wa FSH
• Mulingo wa LH
• Mulingo wa mahomoni amuna (testosterone)

Mayeso ena amwazi omwe angachitike ndi awa:

• Kusala kudya kwa shuga (shuga wamagazi) ndi mayeso ena osagwirizana ndi shuga komanso kukana kwa insulin
• Mulingo wa lipid
• Mayeso apakati (seramu hCG)
• Mulingo wa practactin
• Mayeso a chithokomiro

Wothandizira anu amathanso kuyitanitsa ma ultrasound m'chiuno mwanu kuti ayang'ane thumba losunga mazira.

Kulemera ndi kunenepa kwambiri ndizofala mwa amayi omwe ali ndi PCOS. Kuchepetsa ngakhale kulemera pang'ono kungathandize kuchiza:

• Hormone amasintha
• Zinthu monga matenda ashuga, kuthamanga kwa magazi, kapena cholesterol

Wopereka wanu akhoza kukupatsani mapiritsi oletsa kubereka kuti nthawi yanu izikhala yokhazikika. Mapiritsiwa amathanso kuthandizira kuchepetsa kukula kwa tsitsi komanso ziphuphu ngati mutamwa kwa miyezi ingapo. Njira zotalikilapo za mahomoni oletsa kulera, monga Mirena IUD, zitha kuthandizira kuyimitsa nthawi zosasinthasintha komanso kukula kosazolowereka kwa chiberekero.

Mankhwala a shuga otchedwa Glucophage (metformin) amathanso kuperekedwa kwa:

• Pangani nthawi yanu nthawi zonse
• Pewani mtundu wa 2 shuga
• Kukuthandizani kuti muchepetse kunenepa

Mankhwala ena omwe angalembedwe kuti akuthandizeni kusamba nthawi zonse ndikuthandizani kuti mukhale ndi pakati ndi awa:

• LH-kumasula ma hormone (LHRH) ofanana
• Clomiphene citrate kapena letrozole, yomwe imatha kulola mazira anu kumasula mazira ndikuwonjezera mwayi wanu woyembekezera

Mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito bwino ngati thupi lanu (BMI) lili ndi 30 kapena kuchepera (pansi pamtundu wonenepa kwambiri).

Wothandizira anu amathanso kunena za chithandizo china cha kukula kwatsitsi. Ena ndi awa:

• Spironolactone kapena mapiritsi a flutamide
• Zonona za Eflornithine

Njira zothandiza zochotsera tsitsi zikuphatikizapo electrolysis ndi kuchotsa laser laser. Komabe, mankhwala ambiri angafunike. Mankhwalawa ndi okwera mtengo ndipo zotsatira zake nthawi zambiri sizikhala zachikhalire.

Laparoscopy yamchiuno imatha kuchitidwa kuti ichotse kapena kusintha ovary kuti ithetse kusabereka. Izi zimapangitsa mwayi wotulutsa dzira. Zotsatira zake ndizakanthawi.

Ndi chithandizo, amayi omwe ali ndi PCOS nthawi zambiri amatha kutenga pakati. Pakati pa mimba, pali chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha:

• Kupita padera
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi
• Matenda a shuga

Amayi omwe ali ndi PCOS amatha kukhala:

• Khansa ya Endometrial
• Kusabereka
• Matenda a shuga
• Mavuto okhudzana ndi kunenepa kwambiri

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za matendawa.

Mazira ambiri a Polycystic; Matenda ovuta a Polycystic; Matenda a Stein-Leventhal; Polyfollicular yamchiberekero matenda; Ma PC

• Matenda a Endocrine
• Ziphuphu zam'mimba
• Matupi achikazi oberekera
• Matenda a Stein-Leventhal
• Chiberekero
• Kukula kwazinthu

Bulun SE. Physiology ndi matenda amtundu woberekera wamkazi. Mu Melmed S, Auchus RJ, Goldfine AB, Loenig RJ, et al, olemba. Buku la Williams la Endocrinology. Wolemba 14th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 17.

Catherino WH. Endocrinology yobereka komanso kusabereka. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 223.

Lobo RA. Matenda a Polycystic ovary. Mu: Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, Lentz GM, Valea FA, olemba. Gynecology Yambiri. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: mutu 41.

Rosenfield RL, Barnes RB, Ehrmann DA. Hyperandrogenism, hirsutism, ndi polycystic ovary syndrome. Mu: Jameson JL, De Groot LJ, de Kretser DM, et al, olemba. Endocrinology: Akuluakulu ndi Ana. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 133.