Wodziwika kuphatikiza hyperlipidemia

Chizoloŵezi chophatikizana cha hyperlipidemia ndi matenda omwe amaperekedwa kudzera m'mabanja. Amayambitsa cholesterol yambiri komanso triglycerides yamagazi ambiri.

Hyperlipidemia yodziwika bwino ndiyo matenda ofala kwambiri amtundu wamafuta omwe amawonjezera mafuta amwazi. Zitha kuyambitsa matenda amtima msanga.

Matenda a shuga, uchidakwa, ndi hypothyroidism zimawonjezera vutoli. Zowopsa zimaphatikizira mbiri ya banja ya cholesterol chambiri komanso matenda oyambira m'mitsempha yam'mimba.

M'zaka zoyambirira, sipangakhale zisonyezo.

Zizindikiro zikayamba, zimatha kukhala:

• Kupweteka pachifuwa (angina) kapena zizindikiro zina zamatenda amitsempha zimatha kupezeka mudakali aang'ono.
• Kuponda mwana mmodzi kapena onse awiri poyenda.
• Zilonda zakumapazi zomwe sizichira.
• Zizindikiro zadzidzidzi zonga sitiroko, monga kuyankhula molakwika, kugwa mbali imodzi kumaso, kufooka kwa mkono kapena mwendo, komanso kuchepa.

Anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli amatha kukhala ndi cholesterol yambiri kapena milingo yayikulu ya triglyceride ngati achinyamata. Vutoli limapezekanso anthu ali ndi zaka za m'ma 20 ndi 30. Magawo amakhalabe okwera nthawi yonse ya moyo. Omwe ali ndi mabanja omwe ali ndi hyperlipidemia ali ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha matenda amitsempha am'mimba ndi matenda amtima. Amakhalanso ndi kunenepa kwambiri ndipo amatha kukhala ndi tsankho losagwirizana ndi shuga.

Kuyezetsa magazi kudzachitika kuti muwone kuchuluka kwama cholesterol ndi triglycerides. Mayeso awonetsa:

• Kuchulukitsa cholesterol cha LDL
• Kuchepetsa cholesterol cha HDL
• Kuchuluka kwa triglycerides
• Kuchulukitsa apolipoprotein B100

Kuyesedwa kwa majini kumapezeka pamtundu umodzi wamabanja kuphatikiza hyperlipidemia.

Cholinga cha chithandizo ndikuchepetsa matenda a mtima a atherosclerotic.

ZINTHU ZIMASINTHA

Gawo loyamba ndikusintha zomwe mumadya. Nthawi zambiri, mumayesa kusintha kwa zakudya kwa miyezi ingapo dokotala asanakulimbikitseni mankhwala. Kusintha kwa zakudya kumaphatikizapo kutsitsa mafuta okhathamira ndi shuga woyengedwa.

Nazi kusintha komwe mungapange:

• Musamadye kwambiri ng'ombe, nkhuku, nkhumba, ndi mwanawankhosa
• Amapatsanso mkaka wopanda mafuta ambiri wamafuta athunthu
• Pewani ma cookies ndi katundu wophika omwe muli mafuta
• Chepetsani cholesterol yomwe mumadya poletsa yolk mazira ndi nyama zamagulu

Nthawi zambiri amalangizidwa kuti athandize anthu kusintha momwe amadyera. Kuchepetsa thupi komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse kumathandizanso kuchepetsa mafuta m'thupi.

MANKHWALA

Ngati kusintha kwa moyo wanu sikusintha kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi mwanu, kapena muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda amtima a atherosclerotic, omwe amakuthandizani paumoyo wanu angakulimbikitseni kuti mumwe mankhwala. Pali mitundu ingapo ya mankhwala othandizira kuchepetsa magazi m'magazi.

Mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana kukuthandizani kuti mukhale ndi lipid wathanzi. Ena ali bwino kutsitsa cholesterol cha LDL, ena ali bwino kutsitsa triglycerides, pomwe ena amathandizira kukweza cholesterol cha HDL.

Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, komanso othandiza kwambiri pochiza cholesterol yambiri ya LDL amatchedwa statins. Amaphatikizapo lovastatin (Mevacor), pravastatin (Pravachol), simvastatin (Zocor), fluvastatin (Lescol), atorvastatin (Lipitor), rosuvastatin (Crestor), ndi pitivastatin (Livalo).

Mankhwala ena ochepetsa mafuta m'thupi ndi awa:

• Mabotolo osakaniza asidi.
• Ezetimibe.
• Fibrate (monga gemfibrozil ndi fenofibrate).
• Nicotinic asidi.
• PCSK9 inhibitors, monga alirocumab (Praluent) ndi evolocumab (Repatha) Izi zikuyimira gulu latsopano la mankhwala ochiza cholesterol.

Mumachita bwino bwanji zimadalira:

• Matendawa amapezeka msanga
• Mukayamba chithandizo
• Mumatsatira bwino dongosolo lanu la mankhwala

Popanda chithandizo, matenda amtima kapena kupwetekedwa mtima kumatha kuyambitsa kufa msanga.

Ngakhale atakhala ndi mankhwala, anthu ena amatha kupitilizabe kukhala ndi milomo yambiri yomwe imawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima.

Zovuta zingaphatikizepo:

• Matenda a mtima oyambirira a atherosclerotic
• Matenda amtima
• Sitiroko

Pitani kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo ngati mukumva kupweteka pachifuwa kapena zizindikiro zina zodwala matenda a mtima.

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati muli ndi mbiriyakale ya banja lanu kapena cholesterol yanu.

Zakudya zomwe zili ndi mafuta ochepa m'thupi komanso mafuta ambiri zitha kuthandizira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa LDL mwa anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu.

Ngati wina m'banja mwanu ali ndi vutoli, mungafune kuganizira za kuwunika kwanu kapena ana anu. Nthawi zina, ana aang'ono amatha kukhala ndi hyperlipidemia wofatsa.

Ndikofunika kuwongolera zina zomwe zimayambitsa chiwopsezo cha mtima, monga kusuta.

Angapo lipoprotein-mtundu hyperlipidemia

• Mitsempha ya Coronary imatseka
• Zakudya zabwino

Genest J, Libby P. Lipoprotein zovuta ndi matenda amtima. Mu: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, olemba. Matenda a Mtima a Braunwald: Buku Lophunzitsira la Mankhwala Amtima. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 48.

Robinson JG. Matenda amadzimadzi amadzimadzi. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 195.