Kuphunzira zamagetsi

Mpweya ndi makina omwe amakupumirani kapena amakuthandizani kupuma. Amatchedwanso makina opumira kapena opumira. Mpweya wabwino:

• Amalumikizidwa ndi kompyutayi yokhala ndi mfundo ndi mabatani omwe amayang'aniridwa ndi othandizira kupuma, namwino, kapena dokotala.
• Ali ndi machubu omwe amalumikizana ndi munthu kudzera mu chubu chopumira. Chitubu chopumira chimayikidwa pakamwa pa munthuyo kapena potsegula kupyola pakhosi kupita pachimake (trachea). Kutsegula uku kumatchedwa tracheostomy. Nthawi zambiri zimafunikira kwa iwo omwe ayenera kukhala ali ndi mpweya kwa nthawi yayitali.
• Amapanga phokoso ndipo amakhala ndi ma alarm omwe amachenjeza gulu lazachipatala pakafunika china chake kukonzedwa kapena kusinthidwa.

Munthu amalandira mankhwala kuti akhalebe womasuka pamene ali ndi makina opumira, makamaka ngati ali ndi chubu chopumira mkamwa. Mankhwalawa amatha kupangitsa anthu kugona kwambiri kuti atsegule maso kapena kukhala maso kwa mphindi zochepa.

Anthu samatha kuyankhula chifukwa cha chubu chopumira. Akadzuka mokwanira kuti atsegule maso ndi kuyenda, amatha kulankhulana mwa kulemba ndipo nthawi zina powerenga milomo.

Anthu okhala ndi makina opumira amakhala ndi zingwe ndi machubu ambiri. Izi zingawoneke zowopsa, koma mawaya ndi machubu awa amathandizira kuwunika mosamala.

Anthu ena atha kukhala ndi zoletsa. Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwaletsa kuti asatulutse machubu ndi mawaya ofunikira.

Anthu amaikidwa pa makina opumira pamene sangathe kupuma pawokha. Izi zitha kukhala pazifukwa izi:

• Kuonetsetsa kuti munthu akupeza mpweya wokwanira ndipo akuchotsa kaboni dayokisaidi.
• Pambuyo pochitidwa opareshoni, anthu angafunikire mpweya wowapumira iwo akakhala ndi mankhwala omwe amawapangitsa kugona ndi kupuma kwawo sikunabwerere mwakale.
• Munthu amadwala kapena kuvulala ndipo samatha kupuma bwino.

Nthawi zambiri, makina opumira amafunika kokha kwakanthawi kochepa - maola, masiku, kapena milungu. Koma nthawi zina, mpweya wabwino umafunika kwa miyezi, kapena nthawi zina zaka.

Kuchipatala, munthu yemwe ali ndi makina opumira amayang'anitsitsa ndi omwe amapereka chithandizo chamankhwala kuphatikiza madotolo, manesi, komanso othandizira kupuma.

Anthu omwe amafunikira makina opumira kwa nthawi yayitali atha kukhala m'malo osamalira anthu nthawi yayitali. Anthu ena omwe ali ndi tracheostomy amatha kukhala kunyumba.

Anthu omwe ali ndi makina opumira amayang'anitsitsa mosamala matenda am'mapapo. Mukalumikizidwa ndi makina opumira, munthu amavutika kutsokomola ntchofu. Ngati mamina amatenga, mapapo samalandira mpweya wokwanira. Mamina amathanso kubweretsa chibayo. Kuti muchotse maminawo, pamafunika njira yotchedwa kukoka. Izi zimachitika polowetsa chubu chochepa kwambiri pakamwa kapena pakamwa pa munthu kuti atulutse mamina.

Pomwe mpweya wake umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa masiku opitilira ochepa, munthuyo amatha kulandira chakudya kudzera m'machubu mwina mumtsempha kapena m'mimba.

Chifukwa munthuyo samatha kuyankhula, akuyenera kuchitapo kanthu kuti awayang'anire ndikuwapatsa njira zina zolankhulirana.

MacIntyre NR. Mawotchi mpweya. Mu: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, olemba. Murray ndi Nadel's Bookbook of Respiratory Medicine. Lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 101.

Slutsky AS, Brochard L. Makina mpweya wabwino. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 97.

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