Matenda a myelogenous khansa ya m'magazi (CML)

Matenda a myelogenous leukemia (CML) ndi khansa yomwe imayamba mkati mwa mafupa. Izi ndiye minofu yofewa yomwe ili pakatikati pa mafupa yomwe imathandizira kupanga maselo onse amwazi.

CML imayambitsa kukula kosalamulirika kwa maselo osakhwima komanso okhwima omwe amapanga mtundu wina wama cell oyera am'magazi otchedwa myeloid cell. Maselo odwala amakula m'mafupa ndi magazi.

Zomwe zimayambitsa CML ndizokhudzana ndi chromosome yachilendo yotchedwa chromosome ya Philadelphia.

Kuwonetsedwa ndi ma radiation kumatha kuwonjezera chiopsezo chokhala ndi CML. Kuwonongeka kwa ma radiation kumatha kukhala kuchokera kuzithandizo zama radiation zomwe zidagwiritsidwa ntchito kale kuchiza khansa ya chithokomiro kapena Hodgkin lymphoma kapena tsoka lanyukiliya.

Zimatenga zaka zambiri kuti mukhale ndi khansa ya m'magazi chifukwa chokhala ndi radiation. Anthu ambiri omwe amachiritsidwa khansa ndi radiation samakhala ndi leukemia. Ndipo anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi CML sanazindikiridwe ndi radiation.

CML nthawi zambiri imapezeka mwa akulu azaka zapakati komanso mwa ana.

Matenda a m'magazi amayamba kugawidwa m'magulu:

• Matenda
• Inapita patsogolo
• Vuto lakuphulika

Gawo lalitali limatha miyezi kapena zaka. Matendawa atha kukhala ndi zisonyezo zochepa panthawiyi. Anthu ambiri amapezeka panthawi imeneyi, akayezetsa magazi pazifukwa zina.

Gawo lofulumira ndi gawo lowopsa kwambiri. Maselo a m'magazi amakula mwachangu kwambiri. Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino zimaphatikizapo kutentha thupi (ngakhale popanda matenda), kupweteka kwa mafupa, ndi nthenda yotupa.

CML yosachiritsidwa imabweretsa gawo lamavuto. Kutuluka magazi ndi matenda kumatha kuchitika chifukwa cha kulephera kwa mafupa.

Zizindikiro zina zomwe zingachitike chifukwa cha kuphulika ndi izi:

• Kulalata
• Kutuluka thukuta kwambiri (thukuta usiku)
• Kutopa
• Malungo
• Kupanikizika pansi pa nthiti zamanzere kumunsi kwa ndulu yotupa
• Ziphuphu - zotupa zochepa pakhungu (petechiae)
• Kufooka

Kupimidwa kwakanthawi kumawulula nthenda yotupa. Kuwerengera kwathunthu kwa magazi (CBC) kumawonetsa kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera amwazi omwe ali ndi mitundu yambiri yaying'ono yomwe ilipo komanso kuchuluka kwa ma platelet. Awa ndi magawo amwazi omwe amathandiza magazi kuundana.

Mayesero ena omwe angachitike ndi awa:

• Kutupa kwa mafupa
• Kuyesera magazi ndi mafupa kuti mupeze chromosome ya Philadelphia
• Kuwerengera kwa Platelet

Mankhwala omwe amalimbana ndi mapuloteni achilendo opangidwa ndi chromosome ya Philadelphia nthawi zambiri amakhala mankhwala oyamba a CML. Mankhwalawa amatha kumwa ngati mapiritsi. Anthu omwe amathandizidwa ndi mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amakhala okhululukidwa mwachangu ndipo amatha kukhala okhululukidwa kwazaka zambiri.

Nthawi zina, chemotherapy imagwiritsidwa ntchito koyamba kuti ichepetse kuchuluka kwama cell oyera ngati atapezeka kwambiri.

Gawo lamavuto akuphulika ndilovuta kwambiri kuchiza. Izi ndichifukwa choti pamakhala kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa maselo oyera amtundu wamagazi (maselo a leukemia) omwe sagonjetsedwa ndi chithandizo.

Chithandizo chokha chodziwikiratu cha CML ndikumuika m'mafupa, kapena kupatula ma cell. Anthu ambiri, komabe, safuna kumuika chifukwa mankhwala omwe akulimbikitsidwawo akuchita bwino. Kambiranani zomwe mungachite ndi oncologist wanu.

Inu ndi wothandizira zaumoyo wanu mungafunikire kuthana ndi mavuto ena ambiri mukamadwala khansa ya m'mimba, kuphatikizapo:

• Kusamalira ziweto zanu pa chemotherapy
• Mavuto okhetsa magazi
• Kudya zopatsa mphamvu zokwanira mukamadwala
• Kutupa ndi kupweteka mkamwa mwanu
• Kudya mosamala panthawi ya chithandizo cha khansa

Mutha kuchepetsa nkhawa zamankhwala ndikulowa nawo gulu lothandizira khansa. Kugawana ndi ena omwe akumana ndi mavuto omwe akukumana nawo kungakuthandizeni kuti musamve nokha.

Mankhwala omwe akuyembekezeredwa asintha kwambiri malingaliro a anthu omwe ali ndi CML. Zizindikiro za CML zikachoka ndikuwerengera kwa magazi ndi mafupa a m'mafupa zimawoneka zabwinobwino, munthuyo amadziwika kuti wakhululukidwa. Anthu ambiri amatha kukhala okhululukidwa kwa zaka zambiri ali pa mankhwalawa.

Kupanga ma cell kapena mafupa nthawi zambiri kumaganiziridwa mwa anthu omwe matenda awo amabweranso kapena amakula akamamwa mankhwala oyamba. Kubzala kungalimbikitsidwenso kwa anthu omwe amapezeka kuti ali ndi vuto lofulumira kapena kuphulika.

Vuto lakuphulika limatha kubweretsa zovuta, kuphatikiza matenda, kutuluka magazi, kutopa, malungo osadziwika, komanso mavuto a impso. Chemotherapy imatha kukhala ndi zovuta zina, kutengera mankhwala omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito.

Pewani kukhala padzuwa ngati kuli kotheka.

CML; Matenda myeloid khansa; CGL; Matenda a granulocytic khansa ya m'magazi; Khansa ya m'magazi - matenda a granulocytic

• Kuika mafuta m'mafupa - kutulutsa

• Kukhumba kwamfupa
• Matenda a myelocytic khansa - mawonekedwe owoneka pang'ono
• Matenda a myelocytic khansa
• Matenda a myelocytic khansa

Kantarjian H, Cortes J. Matenda a khansa ya myeloid. Mu: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, olemba. Chipatala cha Abeloff's Oncology. Lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 98.

Tsamba la National Cancer Institute. Matenda a myelogenous leukemia treatment (PDQ). www.cancer.gov/types/leukemia/hp/cml-kuchiza-pdq. Idasinthidwa pa February 8, 2019. Idapezeka pa Marichi 20, 2020.

Tsamba la National Comprehensive Cancer Network. Malangizo azachipatala a NCCN mu oncology: (malangizo a NCCN). Mtundu 3.2020. www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/cml.pdf. Idasinthidwa pa Januware 30, 2020. Idapezeka pa Marichi 23, 2020.

Radich J. Matenda a khansa ya myeloid. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 175.