Kuthandiza mwana wanu wachinyamata kuvutika maganizo

Matenda a achinyamata anu atha kuchiritsidwa ndi mankhwala olankhula, mankhwala olimbana ndi kukhumudwa, kapena kuphatikiza izi. Phunzirani za zomwe zilipo komanso zomwe mungachite kunyumba kuti muthandize mwana wanu.

Inu, mwana wanu wachinyamata, komanso wothandizira zaumoyo wanu muyenera kukambirana zomwe zingathandize kwambiri mwana wanu. Mankhwala othandiza kwambiri pakukhumudwa ndi awa:

• Kulankhula chithandizo
• Mankhwala opatsirana pogonana

Ngati mwana wanu akhoza kukhala ndi vuto la mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena mowa, kambiranani izi ndi wopezayo.

Ngati mwana wanu ali ndi matenda ovutika maganizo kapena ali ndi chiopsezo chodzipha, mwana wanu angafunikire kugona m'chipatala kuti amuthandize.

Lankhulani ndi omwe amakupatsani mwayi wopeza wachinyamata wanu.

• Achinyamata ambiri omwe ali ndi nkhawa amapindula ndi mtundu wina wamankhwala olankhula.
• Kulankhulana ndi malo abwino kukambirana zakukhosi kwawo ndi nkhawa zawo, ndikuphunzira njira zothetsera mavutowo. Mwana wanu amatha kuphunzira kumvetsetsa zomwe zingayambitse machitidwe awo, malingaliro awo, kapena momwe akumvera.
• Mwana wanu wachinyamata adzafunika kukawona othandizira kamodzi pamlungu kuti ayambe.

Pali mitundu yambiri yamankhwala olankhula, monga:

• Chithandizo chazidziwitso chimaphunzitsa mwana wanu kulingalira mwa malingaliro olakwika. Wachinyamata wanu azidziwa bwino za zizindikilo zawo, ndipo aphunzira zomwe zimawonjezera kukhumudwa kwawo komanso maluso othetsera mavuto.
• Chithandizo cha mabanja chimathandiza pakakhala mikangano yabanja yomwe ikuthandizira kukhumudwa. Thandizo lochokera kubanja kapena aphunzitsi lingathandize pamavuto asukulu.
• Chithandizo chamagulu chitha kuthandiza achinyamata kuphunzira kuchokera pazomwe ena adakumana nazo omwe ali ndi mavuto amtundu womwewo.

Funsani ndi kampani yanu ya inshuwaransi yazaumoyo kuti muwone zomwe apeze.

Inu, mwana wanu, ndi omwe amakupatsani mwayi muyenera kukambirana ngati mankhwala opatsirana pogonana angathandize mwana wanu. Mankhwala ndi ofunikira kwambiri ngati mwana wanu ali ndi nkhawa kwambiri. Pazochitikazi, chithandizo chamankhwala chokha sichingakhale chothandiza.

Ngati mungaganize kuti mankhwalawa angakuthandizeni, omwe amakupatsani mankhwalawa atha kukupatsani mankhwala a anti-depressant otchedwa serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) ya mwana wanu.

Mankhwala awiri ofala kwambiri a SSRI ndi fluoxetine (Prozac) ndi escitalopram (Lexapro). Izi zimavomerezedwa kuthana ndi kukhumudwa kwa achinyamata. Prozac imavomerezedwanso kwa ana azaka 8 kapena kupitilira apo.

Gulu lina la antidepressants, lotchedwa tricyclics, silivomerezedwa kuti ligwiritsidwe ntchito achinyamata.

Pali zoopsa ndi zoyipa ndikumwa mankhwala opatsirana pogonana. Wopereka chithandizo cha mwana wanu wachinyamata amatha kuthandiza kuthana ndi zotsatirazi. Mwa achinyamata ochepa, mankhwalawa amatha kuwapangitsa kukhala ovutika maganizo ndikuwapatsa malingaliro ofuna kudzipha. Izi zikachitika, inu kapena mwana wanu muyenera kukambirana ndi wothandizira nthawi yomweyo.

Ngati inu, mwana wanu wachinyamata, komanso yemwe amakupatsani mwayi woganiza kuti mwana wanu atenga mankhwala opatsirana, onetsetsani kuti:

• Mumapereka nthawi kuti igwire ntchito. Kupeza mankhwala oyenera ndi mlingo kumatha kutenga nthawi. Zitha kutenga masabata 4 mpaka 8 kuti zitheke.
• Dokotala wazamisala kapena dokotala wina yemwe amathandizira kuvutika maganizo kwa achinyamata akuyang'ana zovuta.
• Inu ndi osamalira ena mumayang'anitsitsa mwana wanu wachinyamata ngati akufuna kudzipha kapena momwe angadzipangire, komanso mantha, kukwiya, kusasangalala, kapena kusowa tulo komwe kukukulira. Pezani thandizo lachipatala pazizindikirozi nthawi yomweyo.
• Mwana wanu samasiya kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo payekha. Lankhulani ndi wothandizira wachinyamata wanu poyamba. Ngati mwana wanu wasankha kusiya kumwa mankhwala opatsirana pogonana, mwana wanu akhoza kulangizidwa kuti achepetse mlingo pang'onopang'ono asanaime.
• Onetsetsani kuti mwana wanu wayamba kukamba zamankhwala.
• Ngati mwana wanu ali ndi nkhawa pakugwa kapena m'nyengo yozizira, funsani adotolo zamankhwala ochepetsa. Zimagwiritsa ntchito nyali yapadera yomwe imachita ngati dzuwa ndipo imatha kuthandizira kukhumudwa.

Pitirizani kulankhula ndi mwana wanu wachinyamata.

• Apatseni chithandizo chanu. Lolani mwana wanu wachinyamata adziwe kuti mumawathandiza.
• Mverani. Musayese kupereka upangiri wambiri ndipo musayese kuyankhula ndi mwana wanu kuti akhale wokhumudwa. Yesetsani kuti musamaphunzitse mwana wanu mafunso kapena zokambirana. Achinyamata nthawi zambiri amatseka ndi njira yotere.

Thandizani kapena kuthandizira mwana wanu wachinyamata tsiku lililonse. Mutha:

• Sanjani nthawi yamoyo wabanja lanu kuti muthandize mwana wanu kugona mokwanira.
• Pangani chakudya chamagulu anu.
• Apatseni zikumbutso zabwino za mwana wanu kuti amwe mankhwala ake.
• Onetsetsani zizindikiro zosonyeza kuti kukhumudwa kukukulirakulira. Khalani ndi pulani ngati zingatero.
• Limbikitsani mwana wanu kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri ndikuchita zomwe amakonda.
• Lankhulani ndi mwana wanu zakumwa mowa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Adziwitseni mwana wanu kuti mowa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo zimapangitsa kuti kukhumudwa kukhale koipa kupitilira nthawi.

Sungani nyumba yanu kukhala yotetezeka kwa achinyamata.

• MUSAMASUNGE mowa m'nyumba, kapena uzikhala wotsekedwa bwino.
• Ngati mwana wanu ali ndi nkhawa, ndibwino kuchotsa mfuti zilizonse panyumba. Ngati mukumva kuti mukuyenera kukhala ndi mfuti, tsekani mfuti zonse ndikusungitsa zipolopolo.
• Tsekani mankhwala onse akuchipatala.
• Gwiritsani ntchito njira yotetezera mwana wanu yemwe akumasuka kulankhula naye ngati akufuna kudzipha ndipo akufuna thandizo mwachangu.

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani nthawi yomweyo mukawona chizindikiro chilichonse chodzipha. Kuti muthandizidwe mwachangu, pitani kuchipinda chadzidzidzi chapafupi kapena itanani nambala yadzidzidzi yakomweko (monga 911).

Mutha kuyimbanso National Suicide Prevention Lifeline ku 1-800-273-8255 (1-800-273-TALK), komwe mungalandire thandizo laulere komanso lachinsinsi nthawi iliyonse masana kapena usiku.

Zizindikiro zodzipha ndi izi:

• Kupereka katundu
• Kusintha kwa umunthu
• Khalidwe loika pachiwopsezo
• Kuwopseza kudzipha kapena kukonzekera kudzipweteka
• Kusiya, kufunitsitsa kukhala nokha, kudzipatula

Matenda a achinyamata - kuthandiza; Matenda a achinyamata - chithandizo chamankhwala; Kukhumudwa kwa achinyamata - mankhwala

Msonkhano wa American Psychiatric. Kusokonezeka kwakukulu. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disways: DSM-5. 5th ed. Arlington, VA: Kusindikiza kwama Psychiatric ku America; 2013: 160-168.

Bostic JQ, Kalonga JB, Buxton DC. Matenda amisala a ana ndi achinyamata. Mu: Stern TA, Fava M, Wilens TE, Rosenbaum JF, olemba. Chipatala cha Massachusetts General Hospital Comprehensive Clinical Psychiatry. Wachiwiri ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 69.

Tsamba la National Institute of Mental Health. Thanzi lamwana ndiunyamata. www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/child-and-adolescent-mental-health/index.shtml. Inapezeka pa February 12, 2019.

Siu AL; Gulu Lankhondo Loteteza ku US. Kuunikira kukhumudwa kwa ana ndi achinyamata: Ndemanga ya US Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Intern Med. 2016; 164 (5): 360-366. PMID: 26858097 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26858097. (Adasankhidwa)

• Matenda a Achinyamata
• Achinyamata Amaganizo