Kulephera kugwira ntchito kwazimayi

Kusokonekera kwa mitsempha yazimayi ndikutaya kwa mayendedwe kapena kutengeka m'magawo amiyendo chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yachikazi.

Mitsempha yachikazi imapezeka m'chiuno ndipo imatsikira kutsogolo kwa mwendo. Zimathandiza minofu kusuntha mchiuno ndikuwongola mwendo. Amapereka kumverera (kutengeka) kutsogolo kwa ntchafu ndi gawo la mwendo wapansi.

Mitsempha imakhala ndi ulusi wambiri, wotchedwa axon, wozunguliridwa ndi kutchinjiriza, wotchedwa myelin sheath.

Kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha iliyonse, monga mitsempha yachikazi, kumatchedwa mononeuropathy. Mononeuropathy nthawi zambiri amatanthauza kuti pali zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mitsempha imodzi iwonongeke. Zovuta zomwe zimakhudza thupi lonse (zovuta zamachitidwe) zimatha kuyambitsanso mitsempha yokhayokha pamitsempha imodzi (monga yomwe imachitika ndi mononeuritis multiplex).

Zomwe zimayambitsa kufooka kwa mitsempha yachikazi ndi:

• Kuvulala kwachindunji (zoopsa)
• Kupanikizika kwakanthawi pamitsempha
• Kupanikizika, kutambasula, kapena kutsekereza mitsempha ndi ziwalo zapafupi za thupi kapena ziwalo zokhudzana ndi matenda (monga chotupa kapena chotengera chamagazi chachilendo)

Mitsempha yachikazi imatha kuwonongeka pazinthu izi:

• Fupa la m'chiuno losweka
• Catheter yoyikidwa mumtsempha wachikazi mu kubuula
• Matenda ashuga kapena zifukwa zina zotumphukira kwa ubongo
• Kutuluka magazi mkati m'chiuno kapena m'mimba (pamimba)
• Kugona kumbuyo ndi ntchafu ndi miyendo yosinthika ndikusandulika (malo a lithotomy) panthawi yochita opareshoni kapena njira yodziwitsa
• Malamba okhwima kapena olemera m'chiuno

Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikizira izi:

• Kutengeka kumasintha ntchafu, bondo, kapena mwendo, monga kuchepa kwamphamvu, kufooka, kumva kulira, kuwotcha, kapena kupweteka
• Kufooka kwa bondo kapena mwendo, kuphatikiza kuvuta kukwera ndi kutsika masitepe - makamaka pansi, ndikumverera kwa bondo likugwa kapena kugwedezeka

Wothandizira zaumoyo adzakufunsani za zizindikiro zanu ndikukuyesani. Izi ziphatikizapo kuyesa kwa mitsempha ndi minofu m'miyendo yanu.

Mayesowa atha kuwonetsa kuti muli ndi:

• Kufooka mukawongola bondo kapena kupindika m'chiuno
• Kutengeka kumasintha kutsogolo kwa ntchafu kapena kutsogolo
• Bondo lachilendo
• Zing'onozing'ono kuposa minofu yachibadwa ya quadriceps kutsogolo kwa ntchafu

Mayeso omwe angachitike ndi awa:

• Electromyography (EMG) yowunika thanzi la minofu ndi mitsempha yomwe imayang'anira minofu.
• Kuyezetsa magazi (NCV) kuti muwone momwe magetsi amayendera mwachangu pamitsempha. Kuyesaku kumachitika nthawi imodzimodzi ndi EMG.
• MRI kuti ayang'ane misa kapena zotupa.

Wothandizira anu atha kuyitanitsa mayeso owonjezera, kutengera mbiri yanu yazachipatala ndi zomwe mukudziwa. Mayeso atha kuphatikizira kuyesa magazi, x-ray, ndi mayeso ena ojambula.

Wothandizira anu ayesa kuzindikira ndikuchiza chomwe chimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha. Mudzathandizidwa ndi mavuto aliwonse azachipatala (monga matenda ashuga kapena kutuluka magazi m'chiuno) zomwe zitha kuwononga mitsempha.Nthawi zina, minyewa imatha kuchira ndikuthandizira vutoli.

Mankhwala ena atha kukhala:

• Opaleshoni yochotsa chotupa kapena kukula komwe kumakakamiza mitsempha
• Mankhwala ochepetsa ululu
• Kuchepetsa thupi komanso kusintha kwa moyo ngati matenda ashuga kapena kunenepa kwambiri kumapangitsa kuti mitsempha iwonongeke

Nthawi zina, palibe chithandizo chofunikira ndipo mudzachira panokha. Ngati ndi choncho, chithandizo chilichonse, monga chithandizo chakuthupi ndi chithandizo chantchito, cholinga chake ndikukulitsa kuyenda, kukhalabe ndi mphamvu zaminyewa, komanso kudziyimira panokha mukamachira. Zilonda kapena zibangili zingaperekedwe kuti zithandizire poyenda.

Ngati chifukwa cha kukanika kwa mafupa achikazi chikhoza kudziwika ndikuchiritsidwa bwino, ndizotheka kuchira kwathunthu. Nthawi zina, pakhoza kukhala kuchepa pang'ono kapena kwathunthu kwakusuntha kapena kutengeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mukhale wolumala kwamuyaya.

Kupweteka kwamitsempha kumatha kukhala kosavuta ndipo kumatha kupitilira kwa nthawi yayitali. Kuvulaza malo achikazi kumathanso kuvulaza mtsempha wamafuta kapena mtsempha, womwe ungayambitse magazi ndi mavuto ena.

Zovuta zomwe zingakhalepo ndi izi:

• Kuvulala kobwerezabwereza ku mwendo komwe sikudziwika chifukwa chakuchepa kwamphamvu
• Kuvulala kwakugwa chifukwa chofooka kwa minofu

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati mukuyamba kukhala ndi vuto lakusokonekera kwa mitsempha ya chikazi.

Neuropathy - chikazi mitsempha; Matenda azimayi okalamba

• Mitsempha yachikazi yowonongeka

Clinchot DM, Craig EJ. Matenda azimayi okalamba. Mu: Frontera WR, Silver JK, Rizzo TD Jr, olemba. Zofunikira za Thupi Lathupi ndi Kukonzanso: Matenda a Musculoskeletal, Ululu, ndi Kukonzanso. Wolemba 4. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: mutu 54.

Katirji B. Kusokonezeka kwamitsempha yotumphukira. Mu: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, olemba. Neurology ya Bradley mu Kuchita Zachipatala. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: mutu 107.