Matenda a Tourette

Matenda a Tourette ndimavuto omwe amachititsa munthu kupanga mayendedwe obwereza, mwachangu kapena mawu omwe sangathe kuwalamulira.

Matenda a Tourette amadziwika kuti a Georges Gilles de la Tourette, omwe adayamba kufotokoza za matendawa mu 1885. Matendawa mwina amapitilira m'mabanja.

Matendawa amatha kulumikizidwa ndi zovuta m'malo ena aubongo. Zingakhale zokhudzana ndi mankhwala (dopamine, serotonin, ndi norepinephrine) omwe amathandiza maselo amitsempha kulumikizana.

Matenda a Tourette amatha kukhala ovuta kapena ofatsa. Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi tiki wofatsa mwina sangawazindikire ndipo samapita kuchipatala. Ndi anthu ochepa kwambiri omwe ali ndi mitundu yoopsa kwambiri ya Tourette syndrome.

Matenda a Tourette amatenga nthawi 4 ngati anyamata. Pali mwayi wa 50% kuti munthu yemwe ali ndi matenda a Tourette apereke jini kwa ana ake.

Zizindikiro za matenda a Tourette nthawi zambiri zimawonedwa ali mwana, azaka zapakati pa 7 ndi 10. Ana ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a Tourette amakhalanso ndi mavuto ena azachipatala. Izi zitha kuphatikizira kuchepa kwa chidwi cha kuchepa kwa chidwi (ADHD), kukakamira kuchita zinthu mopupuluma (OCD), kusakhazikika pakulamulira, kapena kukhumudwa.

Chizindikiro chofala kwambiri ndikumaso. Zolemba zina zimatha kutsatira. Tic ndi kuyenda kwadzidzidzi, mwachangu, mobwerezabwereza kapena kumveka.

Zizindikiro za Tourette syndrome zimatha kuyambira pazinthu zazing'ono, zazing'ono (monga kung'ung'udza, kununkhiza, kapena kutsokomola) kupita kosunthika ndi mawu osawongolera.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma tiki imatha kuphatikiza:

• Kutambasula mkono
• Kuphethira diso
• Kulumpha
• Kukankha
• Kubwereza pakhosi kapena kupopera
• Kugwedeza phewa

Ma Tic amatha kuchitika kangapo patsiku. Amakonda kusintha kapena kuwonjezeka nthawi zosiyanasiyana. Mitunduyo imatha kusintha pakapita nthawi. Zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimaipiraipira asanakwanitse zaka khumi ndi ziwiri.

Mosiyana ndi zomwe ambiri amakhulupirira, ndi anthu ochepa okha omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mawu otemberera kapena mawu ena osayenera (coprolalia).

Matenda a Tourette ndi osiyana ndi OCD. Anthu omwe ali ndi OCD amamva ngati akuyenera kuchita izi. Nthawi zina munthu amatha kukhala ndi matenda a Tourette komanso OCD.

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a Tourette amatha kusiya kuchita izi kwakanthawi. Koma apeza kuti tic ndi yolimba kwa mphindi zochepa akalola kuti iyambenso. Nthawi zambiri, tic imachedwetsa kapena kuyima tulo.

Palibe mayeso a labu kuti apeze matenda a Tourette. Wothandizira zaumoyo akhoza kufufuza kuti athetse zina zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa.

Kuti munthu apezeke ndi matenda a Tourette, ayenera:

• Wakhala ndi ma mota ambiri ndi imodzi kapena zingapo zamatsenga, ngakhale izi sizingachitike nthawi yomweyo.
• Khalani ndi ma tiki omwe amapezeka kangapo patsiku, pafupifupi tsiku lililonse kapena kupitilira ndi kutuluka, kwa nthawi yoposa chaka chimodzi.
• Ndayamba ma tiki asanakwanitse zaka 18.
• Musakhale ndi vuto lina laubongo lomwe lingakhale chifukwa chazizindikiro.

Anthu omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zochepa samathandizidwa. Izi ndichifukwa choti zovuta zamankhwala zimatha kukhala zoyipa kuposa zizindikilo za Tourette syndrome.

Mtundu wamankhwala olankhula (kuzindikira kwamachitidwe) otchedwa kusintha chizolowezi kumatha kuthandizira kupondereza.

Pali mankhwala osiyanasiyana ochizira matenda a Tourette. Mankhwala enieni omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito amadalira zizindikilo ndi zovuta zina zamankhwala.

Funsani omwe akukuthandizani ngati mungakonde kwambiri kukondoweza kwaubongo. Ikuyesedwa pazizindikiro zazikulu za Tourette syndrome ndi machitidwe okakamira. Chithandizocho sichikulimbikitsidwa pamene zizindikirizi zimachitika mwa munthu yemweyo.

Zambiri ndi chithandizo kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Tourette ndi mabanja awo amapezeka ku:

• Tourette Association of America - tourette.org/online-support-groups-tourette-syndrome/

Zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimakhala zoyipa kwambiri pazaka zaunyamata kenako zimakula msinkhu wokalamba. Kwa anthu ena, zizindikiro zimatha kwathunthu kwa zaka zochepa ndikubwerera. Mwa anthu ochepa, zizindikiro sizibwerera konse.

Zomwe zingachitike mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Tourette ndi monga:

• Nkhani zowongolera mkwiyo
• Chidziwitso cha kuchepa kwa matenda (ADHD)
• Kutengeka mtima
• Matenda osokoneza bongo
• Maluso ocheperako

Izi zimafunika kupezedwa ndikuchiritsidwa.

Pangani msonkhano ndi omwe amakupatsani ngati inu kapena mwana muli ndi ma tiki ovuta kapena osalekeza, kapena ngati akusokoneza moyo watsiku ndi tsiku.

Palibe njira yodziwika yopewera.

Matenda a Gilles de la Tourette; Matenda a Tic - Matenda a Tourette

Matenda a Jankovic J. Parkinson ndi zovuta zina zoyenda. Mu: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, olemba. Neurology ya Bradley mu Kuchita Zachipatala. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 96.

Martinez-Ramirez D, Jimenez-Shahed J, Leckman JF, et al. Kuchita bwino ndi chitetezo chakukhudzika kwa ubongo mu Tourette syndrome: International Tourette Syndrome Deep Brain Stimulation Public Database ndi Registry. JAMA Neurol. 2018; 75 (3): 353-359. [Adasankhidwa] PMID: 29340590 pubed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29340590/.

Ryan CA, Walter HJ, DeMaso DR. Zovuta zamagalimoto ndi zizolowezi. Mu: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, olemba. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. Wolemba 21. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 37.