Matenda a Parkinson

Matenda a Parkinson amachokera ku maselo ena a ubongo omwe amafa. Maselowa amathandizira kuwongolera mayendedwe ndi mgwirizano. Matendawa amayamba kugwedezeka (kunjenjemera) ndikuvuta kuyenda ndikuyenda.

Maselo amitsempha amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala aubongo otchedwa dopamine kuthandiza kuthandizira kuyenda kwa minofu. Ndi matenda a Parkinson, ma cell aubongo omwe amapanga dopamine amafa pang'onopang'ono. Popanda dopamine, maselo omwe amayendetsa kayendedwe sangathe kutumiza mauthenga oyenera ku minofu. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuwongolera minofu. Pang'onopang'ono, pakapita nthawi, kuwonongeka kumeneku kumakulirakulira. Palibe amene akudziwa chifukwa chake maselo aubongo amenewa amawonongeka.

Matenda a Parkinson nthawi zambiri amayamba atakwanitsa zaka 50. Ndi imodzi mwazovuta kwambiri zamanjenje kwa okalamba.

• Matendawa amakonda kukhudza amuna kuposa akazi, ngakhale azimayi amakhalanso ndi matendawa. Matenda a Parkinson nthawi zina amakhala m'mabanja.
• Matendawa amatha kukhala achichepere. Zikatero, nthawi zambiri zimakhala chifukwa cha majini a munthuyo.
• Matenda a Parkinson ndi osowa kwa ana.

Zizindikiro zingakhale zofatsa poyamba. Mwachitsanzo, mutha kukhala ndi kunjenjemera pang'ono kapena kumverera pang'ono kuti mwendo umodzi uli wolimba ndikukoka. Kugwedezeka kwa nsagwada kwakhala chizindikiro choyambirira cha matenda a Parkinson. Zizindikiro zimatha kukhudza gawo limodzi kapena mbali zonse ziwiri za thupi.

Zizindikiro zambiri zimatha kuphatikiza:

• Mavuto poyenda bwino ndikuyenda
• Minofu yolimba kapena yolimba
• Kupweteka kwa minofu ndi zowawa
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi mukayimirira
• Kukhazikika kokhazikika
• Kudzimbidwa
• Kutuluka thukuta ndikulephera kuwongolera kutentha kwa thupi lanu
• Pang'ono kuphethira
• Zovuta kumeza
• Kutsetsereka
• Mawu ochepetsa, odekha ndi mawu amodzimodzi
• Palibe nkhope pankhope panu (monga momwe mwavalira chigoba)
• Kulephera kulemba bwino kapena zolemba pamanja ndizochepa kwambiri (micrographia)

Mavuto oyenda atha kuphatikiza:

• Zovuta zoyambira kuyenda, monga kuyamba kuyenda kapena kutuluka pampando
• Zovuta kupitiliza kusuntha
• Kuchedwa kuyenda
• Kutaya kusuntha kwa manja (kulemba kumatha kukhala kocheperako komanso kovuta kuwerengera)
• Kuvuta kudya

Zizindikiro za kunjenjemera (kunjenjemera):

• Nthawi zambiri zimachitika pamene miyendo yanu siyimasuntha. Uku kumatchedwa kunjenjemera kopumula.
• Zimachitika pamene mkono kapena mwendo wanu watambasulidwa.
• Pitani mukamasuntha.
• Zingakhale zoyipa mukatopa, kusangalala, kapena kupsinjika.
• Zingakupangitseni kupaka chala chanu ndi chala chanu chachikulu popanda tanthauzo kwa (wotchedwa kunjenjemera kwa mapiritsi).
• Pamapeto pake zimatha kuchitika m'mutu mwanu, milomo, lilime, ndi mapazi.

Zizindikiro zina zitha kuphatikiza:

• Kuda nkhawa, kupsinjika, komanso kupsinjika
• Kusokonezeka
• Kusokonezeka maganizo
• Matenda okhumudwa
• Kukomoka
• Kutaya kukumbukira

Wothandizira zaumoyo wanu amatha kudziwa matenda a Parkinson kutengera zizindikiritso zanu ndikuwunika kwakuthupi. Koma zizindikirazo zimakhala zovuta kuzilemba, makamaka kwa okalamba. Zizindikiro zimakhala zosavuta kuzindikira matendawa akukulirakulira.

Kufufuza kungawonetse:

• Zovuta zoyambira kapena kumaliza mayendedwe
• Jerky, mayendedwe olimba
• Kutaya minofu
• Kugwedezeka (kunjenjemera)
• Kusintha kwa kugunda kwa mtima wanu
• Kusintha kwachilendo kwa mnofu

Wothandizira anu akhoza kuyesa mayesero kuti athetse zina zomwe zingayambitse zizindikiro zomwezo.

Palibe chithandizo cha matenda a Parkinson, koma chithandizo chitha kuthandizira kuwongolera zizindikiro zanu.

MANKHWALA

Omwe amakupatsirani mankhwala amakupatsirani mankhwala othandizira kuti muchepetse kugwedezeka kwanu komanso zizindikiritso zanu.

Nthawi zina masana, mankhwala amatha ndipo matenda amatha kubwerera. Izi zikachitika, omwe akukuthandizani angafunika kusintha izi:

• Mtundu wa mankhwala
• Mlingo
• Kuchuluka kwa nthawi pakati pa Mlingo
• Momwe mumamwa mankhwalawo

Muyeneranso kumwa mankhwala othandizira ndi:

• Mavuto azikhalidwe ndi malingaliro
• Kupweteka
• Mavuto ogona
• Kukhetsa madzi (poizoni wa botulinum nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito)

Mankhwala a Parkinson amatha kuyambitsa mavuto ena, kuphatikiza:

• Kusokonezeka
• Kuwona kapena kumva zinthu zomwe kulibe (kuyerekezera zinthu m'maganizo)
• Nseru, kusanza, kapena kutsegula m'mimba
• Kumverera mopepuka kapena kukomoka
• Makhalidwe omwe ndi ovuta kuwongolera, monga kutchova juga
• Delirium

Uzani wothandizira wanu nthawi yomweyo ngati muli ndi zotsatirazi. Osasintha kapena kusiya kumwa mankhwala osalankhula ndi omwe amakupatsani. Kuyimitsa mankhwala ena a matenda a Parkinson kumatha kuyambitsa mavuto. Gwirani ntchito ndi omwe akukuthandizani kuti mupeze dongosolo lamankhwala lomwe lingakuthandizeni.

Matendawa akamakulirakulira, zizindikilo monga kukhazikika, kusazizira, komanso mavuto amawu sangayankhe mankhwala.

KUGWIDWA

Opaleshoni itha kukhala njira kwa anthu ena. Kuchita opaleshoni sikuchiza matenda a Parkinson, koma kungathandize kuchepetsa zizindikilo. Mitundu ya opaleshoni ndi monga:

• Kukondoweza kwakuya kwa ubongo - Izi zimaphatikizapo kuyika zotulutsa zamagetsi m'malo amubongo omwe amayendetsa kayendedwe.
• Kuchita opaleshoni kuwononga minofu yaubongo yomwe imayambitsa zizindikiritso za Parkinson.
• Kuika ma stem ndi njira zina zikuwerengedwa.

MOYO

Zosintha zina pamoyo wanu zitha kukuthandizani kuthana ndi matenda a Parkinson:

• Khalani athanzi mwa kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso osasuta.
• Sinthani zomwe mumadya kapena kumwa ngati mukumeza.
• Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala olankhulira kukuthandizani kuti musinthe momwe mumamezera komanso kuyankhula.
• Khalani achangu momwe mungathere mukamamva bwino. Musachite mopambanitsa pamene mphamvu yanu ili yochepa.
• Pumulani pakufunika masana ndikupewa kupsinjika.
• Gwiritsani ntchito chithandizo chamankhwala ndi chithandizo pantchito kuti zikuthandizeni kukhala odziyimira pawokha komanso kuchepetsa ngozi yakugwa.
• Ikani zolemba m'nyumba mwanu kuti muteteze kugwa. Ayikeni m'malo osambira komanso m'mbali mwa masitepe.
• Gwiritsani ntchito zida zothandizira, zikafunika, kuti kuyenda kuyende mosavuta. Zipangazi zingaphatikizepo ziwiya zapadera zodyera, ma wheelchair, zokunyamula pabedi, mipando yakusamba, ndi zoyenda.
• Lankhulani ndi wogwira ntchito zachitetezo kapena othandizira ena kuti akuthandizeni inu ndi banja lanu kuthana ndi vutoli. Mapulogalamuwa amathanso kukuthandizani kupeza thandizo lakunja, monga Chakudya pa Mawilo.

Magulu othandizira a Parkinson amatha kukuthandizani kuthana ndi kusintha komwe kumadza chifukwa cha matendawa. Kugawana ndi ena omwe akumana nazo zokumana nazo zitha kukuthandizani kuti musamve nokha.

Mankhwala amatha kuthandiza anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a Parkinson. Momwe mankhwala amachepetsera zizindikiritso komanso kutalika kwa momwe angachepetsere zikhalidwe zimatha kukhala zosiyanasiyana mwa munthu aliyense.

Vutoli limakulirakulirabe mpaka munthu atakhala wolumala kwathunthu, ngakhale kwa anthu ena, izi zimatha kutenga zaka zambiri. Matenda a Parkinson atha kubweretsa kuchepa kwa magwiridwe antchito aubongo komanso kufa msanga. Mankhwala atha kupititsa patsogolo ntchito ndi kudziyimira pawokha.

Matenda a Parkinson angayambitse mavuto monga:

• Zovuta kuchita zochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku
• Zovuta kumeza kapena kudya
• Kulemala (kumasiyana munthu ndi munthu)
• Zovulala zakugwa
• Chibayo kuchokera kupuma malovu kapena kutsamwitsa chakudya
• Zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwala

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati:

• Muli ndi zizindikiro za matenda a Parkinson
• Zizindikiro zimaipiraipira
• Zizindikiro zatsopano zimachitika

Ngati mumamwa mankhwala a matenda a Parkinson, uzani omwe akukuthandizani pazovuta zilizonse, zomwe zingaphatikizepo izi:

• Zosintha pakuwunika, machitidwe, kapena malingaliro
• Khalidwe lachinyengo
• Chizungulire
• Ziwerengero
• Kusuntha kosadzipereka
• Kutaya ntchito zamaganizidwe
• Nseru ndi kusanza
• Kusokonezeka kwakukulu kapena kusokonezeka

Komanso itanani ndi omwe akukuthandizani ngati matenda akukulirakulira ndipo chisamaliro chapakhomo sichingatheke.

Ziwalo agitans; Kugwedeza ziwalo

• Kudya ma calories owonjezera mukamadwala - akuluakulu
• Kumeza mavuto

• Substantia nigra ndi matenda a Parkinson
• Central dongosolo lamanjenje ndi zotumphukira zamanjenje

Armstrong MJ, Okun MS. Kuzindikira ndikuchiza matenda a parkinson: kuwunika. JAMA. 2020 Feb 11; 323 (6): 548-560. (Adasankhidwa) PMID: 32044947 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32044947/.

Fox SH, Katzenschlager R, Lim SY, ndi al; Komiti Yoyeserera Yochokera ku Movement Disorder Society. Ndemanga ya International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society yolemba umboni wazamankhwala: zosintha pamankhwala azizindikiro zamagalimoto zamatenda a Parkinson. Kusokonezeka Kwa Magalimoto. 2018; 33 (8): 1248-1266. (Adasankhidwa) PMID: 29570866 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29570866/.

Matenda a Jankovic J. Parkinson ndi zovuta zina zoyenda. Mu: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, olemba. Neurology ya Bradley mu Kuchita Zachipatala. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 96.

Okun MS, Lang AE. Parkinsonism. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 381.

Radder DLM, Sturkenboom IH, van Nimwegen M, ndi al. Thandizo lakuthupi ndi chithandizo chantchito mu matenda a Parkinson. Int J Neurosci. 2017; 127 (10): 930-943. PMID: 28007002 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28007002/.