Kumvetsetsa matenda amtima

Matenda a mtima ndi nthawi yayitali yamavuto amtima ndi mitsempha yamagazi. Mavutowa nthawi zambiri amayamba chifukwa cha atherosclerosis. Izi zimachitika mafuta ndi cholesterol zikamakulira m'mitsempha yamagazi (mitsempha). Ntchito yomangayi imatchedwa chipika. Popita nthawi, cholembera chimachepetsa mitsempha yamagazi ndikupangitsa mavuto mthupi lonse. Mitsempha ikatsekeka, imatha kubweretsa matenda amtima kapena stroko.

Matenda amtima (CHD) ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri wamatenda amtima, ndipamene chikwangwani chimakhazikika m'mitsempha yolowera kumtima. CHD imatchedwanso matenda a mitsempha yamtendere (CAD). Mitsempha ikakhala yopapatiza, mtima sungapeze magazi ndi oxygen yokwanira. Mitsempha yotsekedwa imatha kuyambitsa matenda amtima. Popita nthawi, CHD imatha kufooketsa minofu yamtima ndikupangitsa mtima kulephera kapena arrhythmias.

Mtima kulephera zimachitika pamene minofu ya mtima imakhala yolimba kapena yofooka. Silingatulutse magazi okwanira okosijeni okwanira, omwe amayambitsa zizindikiro mthupi lonse. Vutoli limakhudza mbali yakumanja kapena lamanzere lokha la mtima. Nthawi zambiri, mbali zonse ziwiri za mtima zimakhudzidwa. Kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi CAD ndizomwe zimayambitsa kufooka kwa mtima.

Arrhythmias muli ndi vuto la kugunda kwa mtima (kugunda) kapena mungoli wamtima. Izi zimachitika ngati magetsi amagetsi sagwira bwino ntchito. Mtima ukhoza kugunda mofulumira kwambiri, pang'onopang'ono, kapena mosagwirizana. Mavuto ena amtima, monga mtima kapena kulephera kwa mtima kumatha kuyambitsa mavuto pamagetsi amtima. Anthu ena amabadwa ndi arrhythmia.

Matenda a valavu yamtima zimachitika pamene imodzi mwamagetsi anayi mumtima sigwira bwino ntchito. Magazi amatha kutuluka kudzera mu valavuyo molakwika (yotchedwa regurgitation), kapena valavu siyingatseguke mokwanira ndikuletsa magazi (otchedwa stenosis). Kugunda kwamtima kosazolowereka, komwe kumatchedwa kung'ung'uza mtima, ndichizindikiro chofala kwambiri. Mavuto ena amtima, monga matenda amtima, matenda amtima, kapena matenda, amatha kuyambitsa matenda a valavu yamtima. Anthu ena amabadwa ndi mavuto a valavu yamtima.

Matenda a mtsempha wamagazi imachitika pamene mitsempha ya miyendo ndi mapazi anu imakhala yopapatiza chifukwa chokhoma chipika. Mitsempha yopapatiza imachepetsa kapena kutseka magazi. Magazi ndi mpweya zikafika pamiyendo, zimatha kuvulaza mitsempha ndi minofu.

Kuthamanga kwa magazi (matenda oopsa)ndi matenda amtima omwe angayambitse mavuto ena, monga matenda a mtima, kulephera kwa mtima, ndi sitiroko.

Sitiroko amayamba chifukwa chosowa magazi kubongo. Izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa chamagazi omwe amapita kumitsempha yamagazi muubongo, kapena kutuluka magazi muubongo. Stoke ali ndi zoopsa zambiri monga matenda amtima.

Matenda amtima obadwa nawo ndi vuto ndi kapangidwe ka mtima ndi ntchito zomwe zimakhalapo pobadwa. Matenda amtima obadwa nawo amatha kufotokoza zovuta zingapo zomwe zimakhudza mtima. Ndilo mtundu wofala kwambiri wobadwa nawo.

Goldman L. Njira kwa wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda amtima. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 45.

Watsopano DE, Grubb NR. Zamoyo. Mu: Ralston SH, ID Yamuyaya, Strachan MWJ, Hobson RP, eds. Mfundo ndi Zochita za Mankhwala a Davidson. Wachitatu. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2018: mutu 16.

Toth PP, Shammas NW, Foreman B, Byrd JB, Brook RD. Matenda amtima. Mu: Rakel RE, Rakel DP, olemba. Buku Lophunzitsira La Banja. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 27.

• Matenda a Mtima