Khansa yapakhungu yapakhungu

Khansara ya basal ndiye khansa yofala kwambiri ku United States. Khansa yambiri yapakhungu ndimatenda am'magazi.

Mitundu ina yodziwika bwino ya khansa yapakhungu ndi iyi:

• Khansa ya squamous cell
• Khansa ya pakhungu

Kansalu kakang'ono ka khungu kamatchedwa epidermis. Mbali yapansi ya epidermis ndi basal cell wosanjikiza. Ndi khansa yoyambira, maselo omwe amakhala motere ndi omwe amakhala khansa. Khansa yambiri ya m'munsi imapezeka pakhungu lomwe limadziwika ndi dzuwa kapena ma radiation ena a ultraviolet.

Khansa yapakhungu yamtunduwu imafala kwambiri kwa anthu azaka zopitilira 50. Koma imathanso kupezeka mwa achinyamata omwe adakhala padzuwa nthawi yayitali. Khansara ya basal nthawi zambiri imakula pang'onopang'ono. Sizimafalikira kawirikawiri kumadera ena a thupi.

Mutha kukhala ndi khansa yapansi ngati muli:

• Khungu lowala kapena lamiyala
• Buluu, wobiriwira, kapena maso otuwa
• Tsitsi loyera kapena lofiira
• Kuwonetseredwa kwambiri kwa ma x-ray kapena mitundu ina ya radiation
• Ma moles ambiri
• Tsekani abale omwe ali ndi khansa yapakhungu kapena omwe ali ndi khansa yapakhungu
• Kutentha kwakukulu kwakukulu kumayambiriro kwa moyo
• Kutentha kwa dzuwa kwa nthawi yayitali (monga kutentha kwa dzuwa komwe kumalandiridwa ndi anthu omwe amagwira ntchito kunja)

Zina mwaziwopsezo ndizo:

• Kusuta
• Chitetezo chofooka, monga kukhala pamankhwala omwe amapondereza chitetezo chamthupi mukamayika
• Matenda akhungu obwera nawo, monga nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome
• Kukhala ndi chithandizo chamagetsi

Khansara ya basal nthawi zambiri imakula pang'onopang'ono ndipo nthawi zambiri imapweteka. Siziwoneka ngati zosiyana ndi khungu lanu labwinobwino. Mutha kukhala ndi khungu kapena kukula komwe ndi:

• Ngale kapena waxy
• Pinki yoyera kapena yopepuka
• Wothupi kapena wofiirira
• Chikopa chofiira, chofewa

Nthawi zina, khungu limangokwezedwa pang'ono, kapena lathyathyathya.

Mutha kukhala ndi:

• Khungu lakhungu lomwe limatuluka magazi mosavuta
• Chilonda chosachira
• Mawanga otuluka kapena otupa pachilonda
• Chilonda chonga chilonda osavulala malowo
• Mitsempha yamagazi yosakhazikika mkati kapena mozungulira malowa
• Chilonda chokhala ndi malo opsinjika (ozama) pakati

Dokotala wanu amayang'ana khungu lanu ndikuyang'ana kukula, mawonekedwe, utoto, ndi kapangidwe ka malo aliwonse okayikira.

Ngati dokotala akuganiza kuti mwina muli ndi khansa yapakhungu, khungu limachotsedwa. Izi zimatchedwa biopsy khungu. Chitsanzocho chimatumizidwa ku labu kukayesedwa ndi microscope.

Choyesa khungu chiyenera kuchitidwa kuti mutsimikizire khansa yapansi yama cell kapena khansa ina yapakhungu.

Chithandizo chimadalira kukula, kuzama, komanso komwe khansa yapakhungu limakhala komanso thanzi lanu lonse. Chithandizo chilichonse chili ndi mavuto ake komanso phindu lake. Inu ndi dokotala wanu mungakambirane chithandizo chomwe chili choyenera kwa inu.

Chithandizo chitha kuphatikizira izi:

• Chisangalalo: Kudula khansa yapakhungu ndikulumikiza khungu limodzi
• Curettage ndi electrodessication: Kupukuta maselo a khansa ndikugwiritsa ntchito magetsi kupha zilizonse zomwe zatsala; amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza khansa yomwe siikulu kapena yakuya; nthawi zambiri mankhwala ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito paokha popanda ma electrodessication
• Cryosurgery: Kuzizira ma cell a khansa, omwe amawapha; amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza khansa yomwe siikulu kapena yakuya
• Mankhwala: Mafuta akhungu omwe ali ndi mankhwala; amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza khansa yomwe siikulu kapena yakuya
• Mohs: Kuchotsa khungu ndi kuliyang'ana nthawi yomweyo pansi pa microscope, ndikuchotsa khungu mpaka sipadzakhala zizindikiro za khansa; Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati khansa yapakhungu pamphuno, m'makutu, komanso m'malo ena akumaso
• Photodynamic therapy: Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opepuka kuti athetse khansa yomwe siikulu kapena yakuya
• Thandizo la radiation: Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati khansa yapansi yama cell singathe kuchiritsidwa ndi opaleshoni
• Chemotherapy: Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito munthawi zambiri za khansa yapansi ya cell yomwe yafalikira mbali zina za thupi kapena zomwe sizingachiritsidwe ndi opaleshoni
• Biologic Therapy (immunotherapies): Mankhwala omwe amalimbana ndi kupha khansa yapakhungu yapakhungu ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala wamba sagwira ntchito

Mutha kuchepetsa nkhawa zamankhwala ndikulowa nawo gulu lothandizira khansa. Kugawana ndi ena omwe akumana ndi mavuto omwe akukumana nawo kungakuthandizeni kuti musamve nokha.

Khansa yambiri imachiritsidwa ikamachiritsidwa msanga. Ma khansa ena oyambira m'maselo amabwerera kumalo omwewo. Zing'onozing'ono sizingabwererenso.

Khansara yapakhungu yam'madzi imafalikira kufupi ndi komwe idakhalako. Ngati sichichiritsidwa, chitha kufalikira kumadera oyandikana ndi matupi oyandikira ndi mafupa.

Itanani kuti mukakumane ndi wokuthandizani ngati muli ndi zilonda kapena malo pakhungu lanu omwe amasintha:

• Maonekedwe
• Mtundu
• Kukula
• Kapangidwe

Komanso itanani ndi omwe amakupatsani ngati malo akupweteka kapena kutupa, kapena akayamba kutuluka magazi kapena kuyabwa.

American Cancer Society ikulimbikitsa kuti wothandizira azitha kuyesa khungu lanu chaka chilichonse ngati muli ndi zaka zopitilira 40 komanso zaka zitatu zilizonse ngati muli ndi zaka 20 mpaka 40. Muyeneranso kuyesa khungu lanu kamodzi pamwezi. Gwiritsani ntchito galasi lamanja m'malo ovuta kuwona. Itanani dokotala wanu ngati muwona china chilichonse chachilendo.

Njira yabwino yopewera khansa yapakhungu ndikuchepetsa kuchepa kwanu padzuwa. Nthawi zonse gwiritsani ntchito zoteteza ku dzuwa:

• Gwiritsani ntchito zoteteza ku dzuwa ndi zoteteza ku dzuwa (SPF) zosachepera 30, ngakhale mutapita panja kwakanthawi kochepa.
• Ikani mafuta oteteza ku dzuwa ochulukirapo m'malo onse owonekera, kuphatikiza makutu ndi mapazi.
• Fufuzani zotchinga dzuwa zomwe zimatchinga kuwala kwa UVA ndi UVB.
• Gwiritsani ntchito zoteteza ku dzuwa zosagwira madzi.
• Ikani mafuta oteteza ku dzuwa osachepera mphindi 30 musanatuluke. Tsatirani malangizo phukusi zamomwe mungagwiritsire ntchito kangati. Onetsetsani kuti mudzayikenso mukatha kusambira kapena kutuluka thukuta.
• Gwiritsani ntchito zotchingira dzuwa m'nyengo yozizira komanso masiku amvula, inunso.

Njira zina zokuthandizani kupewa kupezeka padzuwa:

• Kuwala kwa ultraviolet kumakhala kwakukulu pakati pa 10 koloko ndi 4 koloko masana. Yesetsani kupewa dzuwa nthawi imeneyi.
• Tetezani khungu mwa kuvala zipewa zazitali, malaya ataliatali, masiketi atali, kapena mathalauza. Muthanso kugula zovala zoteteza dzuwa.
• Pewani malo owala kwambiri, monga madzi, mchenga, konkriti, ndi malo omwe amapaka utoto woyera.
• Kutalika kwambiri, khungu lanu limayaka mwachangu.
• Musagwiritse ntchito nyali zowala ndi mabedi osenda (ma salon). Kuwononga mphindi 15 mpaka 20 pamalo oyeretsera ngozi ndi koopsa ngati tsiku logwiritsidwa ntchito padzuwa.

Basal cell carcinoma; Chilonda chilonda; Khansa yapakhungu - selo loyambira; Khansa - khungu - khungu loyambira; Khansa ya khungu ya Nonmelanoma; Maselo oyambira NMSC; Basal cell epithelioma

• Khansa yapakhungu, basal cell carcinoma - mphuno
• Khansa yapakhungu, basal cell carcinoma - mtundu
• Khansa yapakhungu, basal cell carcinoma - kumbuyo kwa khutu
• Khansa yapakhungu, basal cell carcinoma - kufalikira
• Khansa zingapo zam'maselo apakhungu chifukwa cha mankhwala a x-ray aziphuphu
• Basal Cell Carcinoma - nkhope
• Basal cell carcinoma - kutseka
• Khansara yayikulu yama cell

Khalani TP. Zotupa zamatenda owopsa a nonmelanoma. Mu: Habif TP, mkonzi. Clinical Dermatology: Buku Lopangira Kuzindikira ndi Chithandizo. Lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: mutu 21.

Tsamba la National Cancer Institute. Chithandizo cha khansa yapakhungu (PDQ®) - Health Professional Version. www.cancer.gov/types/skin/hp/skin-treatment-pdq#section/_222. Idasinthidwa pa Disembala 19, 2019. Idapezeka pa February 24, 2020.

Tsamba la National Comprehensive Cancer Network. Malangizo a NCCN Achipatala mu Oncology (NCCN Guidelines): Khansa yapakhungu yapakhungu. Mtundu 1.2020. www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/nmsc.pdf. Idasinthidwa pa Okutobala 24, 2020. Idapezeka pa February 24, 2020.

Gulu Lankhondo Laku US Lodzitchinjiriza, Bibbins-Domingo K, Grossman DC, et al. Kuunikira khansa yapakhungu: Ndemanga yothandizidwa ndi US Preventive Services Task Force. JAMA. 2016; 316 (4): 429-435. PMID 27458948 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27458948. (Adasankhidwa)