Ziphuphu

Shingles (herpes zoster) ndi chotupa, chotupa pakhungu. Amayambitsidwa ndi varicella zoster virus, membala wa herpes banja la ma virus. Awa ndi kachilombo kamene kamayambitsanso nkhuku.

Mukapeza nthomba, thupi lanu silimaliza kachilomboka. M'malo mwake, kachilomboka kamakhalabe mthupi koma sikugwira ntchito (kamangokhala) m'mitsempha ina mthupi. Shingles imachitika pambuyo poti kachilomboka kayambiranso kugwira ntchito m'mitsempha iyi patatha zaka zambiri. Anthu ambiri anali ndi kachilombo kochepa kwambiri moti samazindikira kuti ali ndi matendawa.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kuti kachilomboka zizigwiranso mwadzidzidzi sizikudziwika. Nthawi zambiri kumachitika kamodzi kokha.

Ziphuphu zimatha kukula msinkhu uliwonse. Mutha kukhala ndi vutoli ngati:

• Ndiwe wamkulu kuposa zaka 60
• Munali ndi nthomba musanafike zaka 1
• Chitetezo chanu cha mthupi chimafooka ndi mankhwala kapena matenda

Ngati munthu wamkulu kapena mwana akumana ndi zotupa zamatenda ndipo analibe nkhuku ngati mwana kapena kupeza katemera wa nkhuku, amatha kukhala ndi nthomba, osati ming'alu.

Chizindikiro choyamba nthawi zambiri chimakhala kupweteka, kumva kulira, kapena kuwotcha komwe kumachitika mbali imodzi ya thupi. Kupweteka ndi kutentha kumatha kukhala koopsa ndipo nthawi zambiri kumakhalapo musanatuluke ziphuphu.

Magazi ofiira pakhungu, otsatidwa ndi matuza ang'onoang'ono, amapangidwa mwa anthu ambiri:

• Matuza amatuluka, ndikupanga zilonda zazing'ono zomwe zimayamba kuwuma ndikupanga zotupa. Ma crusts amagwa m'masabata awiri kapena atatu. Ziboda ndizochepa.
• Ziphuphu nthawi zambiri zimakhudza malo opapatiza kuyambira msana mpaka kutsogolo pamimba kapena pachifuwa.
• Kutupa kungaphatikizepo nkhope, maso, pakamwa, ndi makutu.

Zizindikiro zina zitha kuphatikiza:

• Malungo ndi kuzizira
• Kumva kudandaula
• Mutu
• Ululu wophatikizana
• Matenda otupa (ma lymph node)

Mwinanso mungakhale ndi ululu, kufooka kwa minofu, ndi kutupa komwe kumakhudza mbali zosiyanasiyana za nkhope yanu ngati kulumikizana kumakhudza mitsempha kumaso kwanu. Zizindikirozi zitha kuphatikiza:

• Zovuta kusuntha minofu ina kumaso
• Kutulutsa chikope (ptosis)
• Kutaya kwakumva
• Kutayika kwamaso
• Mavuto akulawa
• Mavuto masomphenya

Wothandizira zaumoyo wanu amatha kukupatsirani matendawa poyang'ana khungu lanu ndikufunsa mbiri yanu yazachipatala.

Kuyeserera sikofunikira kwenikweni, koma kungaphatikizepo kutenga khungu kuti muwone ngati khungu lili ndi kachilomboka.

Kuyezetsa magazi kumatha kuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera am'magazi komanso ma antibodies ku virus ya nthomba. Koma mayeserowa sangatsimikizire kuti zotupa zimachitika chifukwa cha ma shingles.

Wothandizira anu akhoza kukupatsani mankhwala omwe amamenya kachilomboka, otchedwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Mankhwalawa amathandiza kuchepetsa kupweteka, kupewa zovuta, komanso kufupikitsa matendawa.

Mankhwalawa ndi othandiza kwambiri mukamayamba maola 72 mutangoyamba kumene kumva kupweteka kapena kutentha. Ndi bwino kuyamba kuwatenga matuza asanawonekere. Mankhwalawa amaperekedwa ngati mapiritsi. Anthu ena angafunike kulandira mankhwalawo kudzera mumitsempha (ya IV).

Mankhwala amphamvu odana ndi zotupa otchedwa corticosteroids, monga prednisone, atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochepetsa kutupa ndi kupweteka.Mankhwalawa sagwira ntchito mwa anthu onse.

Mankhwala ena atha kukhala:

• Antihistamines kuchepetsa kuyabwa (kutengedwa pakamwa kapena kupaka pakhungu)
• Mankhwala opweteka
• Zostrix, kirimu chokhala ndi capsaicin (tsabola wochuluka) kuti muchepetse ululu

Tsatirani malangizo a omwe amakupatsani momwe mungadzisamalire kunyumba.

Zina zingaphatikizepo:

• Kusamalira khungu lanu pogwiritsa ntchito ma compress ozizira, onyowa kuti muchepetse kupweteka, komanso kusamba madzi otonthoza
• Kupuma pabedi mpaka malungo atsika

Khalani kutali ndi anthu pomwe zilonda zanu zikungotuluka kuti mupewe kupatsira omwe sanakhalepo ndi nthomba - makamaka amayi apakati.

Herpes zoster nthawi zambiri amatha m'masabata awiri kapena atatu ndipo samabweranso. Ngati kachilomboka kamakhudza mitsempha yomwe imayendetsa kayendedwe (ma motor motor), mutha kukhala ndi kufooka kwakanthawi kapena kosatha kapena kufooka.

Nthawi zina kupweteka kwakumaloko komwe kumachitika matendawo kumatha kukhala kwa miyezi mpaka zaka. Kupweteka kumeneku kumatchedwa postherpetic neuralgia.

Zimachitika pamene mitsempha yawonongeka pambuyo poti shingles yaphulika. Zowawa zimakhala zochepa kwambiri. Postherpetic neuralgia imakonda kuchitika mwa anthu azaka zopitilira 60.

Zovuta zingaphatikizepo:

• Kuukira kwina kwa ma shingles
• Matenda a khungu la bakiteriya
• Khungu (ngati ming'alu ikupezeka m'diso)
• Kugontha
• Kutenga, kuphatikizapo encephalitis ya sepsis (matenda a magazi) mwa anthu omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka
• Matenda a Ramsay Hunt ngati ming'alu imakhudza mitsempha ya nkhope kapena khutu

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati muli ndi matenda am'mimba, makamaka ngati muli ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka kapena ngati matenda anu akupitilira kapena kukulirakulira. Ziphuphu zomwe zimakhudza diso zingayambitse khungu ngati simulandila chithandizo chadzidzidzi.

Musakhudze zotupa ndi matuza kwa anthu omwe ali ndi ziphuphu kapena nthomba ngati simunakhalepo ndi katemera kapena katemera wa nkhuku.

Katemera wa ma shingles awiri alipo katemera wamoyo komanso zophatikizanso. Katemera wa shingles ndi wosiyana ndi katemera wa nthomba. Okalamba omwe amalandira katemera wa shingles sangakhale ndi zovuta pamtunduwu.

Herpes zoster - ming'alu

• Herpes zoster (ming'alu) kumbuyo
• Matenda achikulire
• Ziphuphu
• Herpes zoster (ming'alu) - kutseka kwa zotupa
• Herpes zoster (ming'alu) pakhosi ndi patsaya
• Herpes zoster (ming'alu) padzanja
• Herpes zoster (ming'alu) imafalikira

Dinulos JGH. Warts, herpes simplex, ndi matenda ena a ma virus. Mu: Dinulos JGH, mkonzi. Matenda Opatsirana Matenda. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: chaputala 12.

Whitley RJ. Nkhuku ndi herpes zoster (varicella-zoster virus). Mu: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, olemba., Eds. Mandell, Douglas, ndi Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 136.