Thandizo la mahormone la khansa ya m'mawere

Chithandizo cha mahomoni chothandizira khansa ya m'mawere chimagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kapena mankhwala kuti achepetse kapena kuletsa machitidwe a mahomoni achikazi (estrogen ndi progesterone) mthupi la mkazi. Izi zimathandiza kuchepetsa kukula kwa khansa zambiri za m'mawere.

Thandizo la mahomoni limapangitsa kuti khansa isabwererenso pambuyo pa opaleshoni ya khansa ya m'mawere. Zimachedwetsa kukula kwa khansa ya m'mawere yomwe yafalikira mbali zina za thupi.

Mankhwala a mahormone amathanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito pothandiza kupewa khansa mwa amayi omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha khansa ya m'mawere.

Ndizosiyana ndi mankhwala amtundu wa mahomoni kuti muchiritse kusintha kwa kusamba.

Mahomoni a estrogen ndi progesterone amachititsa khansa zina za m'mawere kukula. Amatchedwa khansa ya m'mawere yosamva mahomoni. Khansa zambiri za m'mawere zimakhudzidwa ndi mahomoni.

Estrogen ndi progesterone amapangidwa m'mimba mwake ndi zotupa zina monga mafuta ndi khungu. Pambuyo pa kusamba, thumba losunga mazira amasiya kutulutsa mahomoni amenewa. Koma thupi limapitilizabe kupanga zochepa.

Thandizo la mahomoni limangogwira ntchito pa khansa yokhudzana ndi mahomoni. Kuti awone ngati chithandizo cha mahomoni chitha kugwira ntchito, madotolo amayesa pang'ono chotupa chomwe adachotsa pakuchita opareshoni kuti awone ngati khansayo imatha kukhudzidwa ndi mahomoni.

Thandizo la mahomoni lingagwire ntchito m'njira ziwiri:

• Poletsa estrogen kuti isagwire ntchito pama cell a khansa
• Mwa kutsitsa maestrogeni mthupi la mkazi

Mankhwala ena amagwira ntchito poletsa estrogen kuti isapangitse maselo a khansa kukula.

Tamoxifen (Nolvadex) ndi mankhwala omwe amaletsa estrogen kuti isauze maselo a khansa kuti akule. Ili ndi maubwino angapo:

• Kutenga Tamoxifen kwa zaka 5 pambuyo pa opaleshoni ya khansa ya m'mawere kumachepetsa mwayi wa khansa kubwerera pakati. Kafukufuku wina akuwonetsa kuti kutenga zaka 10 kumatha kugwira ntchito bwino.
• Amachepetsa chiopsezo kuti khansa imakula mmawere ena.
• Imachedwetsa kukula ndikuchepetsa khansa yomwe yafalikira.
• Amachepetsa chiopsezo chotenga khansa kwa amayi omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu.

Mankhwala ena omwe amagwira ntchito mofananamo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza khansa yayikulu yomwe yafalikira:

• Toremifene (Fareston)
• Wowonjezera (Faslodex)

Mankhwala ena, otchedwa aromatase inhibitors (AI), amaletsa thupi kupanga estrogen m'matenda monga mafuta ndi khungu. Koma, mankhwalawa sagwira ntchito kuti mazira ambiri asiye kupanga estrogen. Pachifukwa ichi, amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kutsitsa mayendedwe a estrogen mwa amayi omwe akhala akusamba (postmenopausal). Mazira awo ambiri samapangitsanso estrogen.

Amayi a Premenopausal amatha kumwa ma AI ngati akumwetsanso mankhwala omwe amalepheretsa mazira awo kupanga estrogen.

Aromatase inhibitors ndi awa:

• Anastrozole (Arimidex)
• Letrozole (Femara)
• Exemestane (Aromasin)

Chithandizo chamtunduwu chimangogwira ntchito mwa amayi omwe ali ndi premenopausal omwe ali ndi thumba losunga mazira. Itha kuthandizira mitundu ina yamankhwala othandizira mahomoni kugwira ntchito bwino. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pochiza khansa yomwe yafalikira.

Pali njira zitatu zochepetsera milingo ya estrogen m'mimba mwake:

• Kuchita opaleshoni kuchotsa mazira ambiri
• Poizoni wowononga thumba losunga mazira kotero kuti sagwiranso ntchito, zomwe ndizokhazikika
• Mankhwala monga goserelin (Zoladex) ndi leuprolide (Lupron) omwe amaletsa pang'ono thumba losunga mazira kupanga estrogen

Njira zonsezi zitha kuyika mzimayi kusamba. Izi zimayambitsa zizindikiro zakusamba:

• Kutentha kotentha
• Kutuluka thukuta usiku
• Kuuma kwa nyini
• Maganizo amasintha
• Matenda okhumudwa
• Kutaya chidwi pa kugonana

Zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwala a mahomoni zimadalira mankhwala. Zotsatira zoyipa zimaphatikizapo kutentha, thukuta usiku, ndi kuuma kwa nyini.

Mankhwala ena amatha kuyambitsa zovuta zochepa koma zowopsa, monga:

• Zamgululi Kuundana kwa magazi, sitiroko, ng'ala, khansa ya endometrial ndi chiberekero, kusinthasintha kwamaganizidwe, kukhumudwa, komanso kutaya chidwi chogonana.
• Aromatase zoletsa. Cholesterol wambiri, vuto la mtima, kutaya mafupa, kupweteka kwa mafupa, kusinthasintha kwamaganizidwe, komanso kukhumudwa
• Wogulitsa zonse. Kutaya njala, nseru, kusanza, kudzimbidwa, kutsegula m'mimba, kupweteka m'mimba, kufooka, ndi kupweteka.

Kusankha mankhwala a khansa ya m'mawere kungakhale chisankho chovuta komanso chovuta. Mtundu wa chithandizo chomwe mungalandire chimadalira ngati mwadukapo musanalandire chithandizo cha khansa ya m'mawere. Zimadaliranso ngati mukufuna kukhala ndi ana. Kulankhula ndi omwe amakuthandizani pa zaumoyo wanu pazomwe mungasankhe komanso maubwino ndi zoopsa za mankhwalawa zingakuthandizeni kupanga chisankho chabwino kwa inu.

Mankhwala a mahomoni - khansa ya m'mawere; Chithandizo cha mahomoni - khansa ya m'mawere; Mankhwala a Endocrine; Matenda a khansa - mankhwala; ER zabwino - mankhwala; Aromatase inhibitors - khansa ya m'mawere

Tsamba la American Cancer Society. Thandizo la mahormone la khansa ya m'mawere. www.cancer.org/cancer/breast-cancer/treatment/hormone-therapy-for-breast-cancer.html. Idasinthidwa pa Seputembara 18, 2019. Idapezeka Novembala 11, 2019.

Henry NL, Shah PD, Haider I, Freer PE, Jagsi R, Sabel MS. Khansa ya m'mawere. Mu: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, olemba. Chipatala cha Abeloff's Oncology. Lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 88.

Tsamba la National Cancer Institute. Thandizo la mahormone la khansa ya m'mawere. www.cancer.gov/types/breast/breast-hormone-therapy-fact-sheet. Idasinthidwa pa February 14, 2017. Idapezeka Novembala 11, 2019.

Rugo HS, Rumble RB, Macrae E, et al. (Adasankhidwa) Mankhwala a Endocrine a khansa ya m'mawere yolandila ndi mahomoni yolandila: American Society of Clinical Oncology Guideline. J Clin Oncol. (Adasankhidwa). 2016; 34 (25): 3069-3103. PMID: 27217461 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27217461.

• Khansa ya m'mawere