Mitundu ya chemotherapy

Chemotherapy ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochizira khansa. Chemotherapy imapha ma cell a khansa. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuchiritsa khansa, kuthandizira kuti isafalikire, kapena kuchepetsa zizindikilo.

Nthawi zina, anthu amathandizidwa ndi mtundu umodzi wa chemotherapy. Koma nthawi zambiri, anthu amalandila mankhwala amtundu umodzi kamodzi. Izi zimathandiza kulimbana ndi khansa m'njira zosiyanasiyana.

Thandizo lojambulidwa ndi immunotherapy ndi mankhwala ena a khansa omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kuchiza khansa.

Chemotherapy yokhazikika imagwira ntchito popha ma cell a khansa ndimaselo ena abwinobwino. Chithandizo choyenera ndi immunotherapy zero mkati mwa zolunjika (ma molekyulu) mkati kapena m'maselo a khansa.

Mtundu ndi mankhwala a chemotherapy omwe dokotala amakupatsani zimadalira zinthu zambiri, kuphatikizapo:

• Mtundu wa khansa womwe muli nawo
• Komwe khansa idawonekera koyamba mthupi lanu
• Momwe ma cell a khansa amawonekera pansi pa microscope
• Kaya khansara yafalikira
• Zaka zanu ndi thanzi lanu lonse

Maselo onse m'thupi amakula ndikugawana m'magulu awiri, kapena kugawaniza. Ena amagawanika kuti akonze zowonongeka m'thupi. Khansa imachitika china chake chimapangitsa kuti maselo agawane ndikukula. Amapitilizabe kukula ndikupanga maselo, kapena chotupa.

Chemotherapy imayambitsa maselo ogawanika. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ndizotheka kupha ma cell a khansa kuposa ma cell wamba. Mitundu ina ya chemotherapy imawononga chibadwa mkati mwa selo chomwe chimauza momwe mungadzikopere kapena kudzikonzera. Mitundu ina imatchinga mankhwala omwe selo liyenera kugawa.

Maselo ena abwinobwino amthupi amagawikana pafupipafupi, monga tsitsi ndi khungu. Maselowa amathanso kuphedwa ndi chemo. Ichi ndichifukwa chake zimatha kuyambitsa zovuta monga tsitsi. Koma maselo abwinobwino amatha kuchira mankhwala atatha.

Pali mankhwala oposa 100 a chemotherapy. M'munsimu muli mitundu isanu ndi iwiri yayikulu ya chemotherapy, mitundu ya khansa yomwe amachiza, ndi zitsanzo. Chenjezo limaphatikizaponso zinthu zomwe zimasiyana ndimomwe zimayendera chemotherapy.

OTSOGOLERA ALKYLATING

Ntchito pochiza:

• Khansa ya m'magazi
• Lymphoma
• Matenda a Hodgkin
• Myeloma yambiri
• Sarcoma
• Ubongo
• Khansa ya m'mapapo, m'mawere, ndi m'mimba

Zitsanzo:

• Zamgululi (Myleran)
• Cyclophosphamide
• Temozolomide (Temodar)

Chenjezo:

• Zingawononge mafupa, omwe angayambitse khansa ya m'magazi.

NTHAWI ZOCHITIKA

Ntchito pochiza:

• Khansa ya m'magazi
• Khansa ya m'mawere, ovary, ndi matumbo

Zitsanzo:

• 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)
• 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP)
• Capecitabine (Xeloda)
• Zamatsenga

Chenjezo: Palibe

ANTI-TUMOR ANTIBIOTICS

Ntchito pochiza:

• Mitundu yambiri ya khansa.

Zitsanzo:

• Dactinomycin (Cosmegen)
• Bleomycin
• Daunorubicin (Cerubidine, Rubidomycin)
• Doxorubicin (Adriamycin PFS, Adriamycin RDF)

Chenjezo:

• Mlingo waukulu ungawononge mtima.

OLETSA TOPOISOMERASE

Ntchito pochiza:

• Khansa ya m'magazi
• Mapapo, yamchiberekero, m'mimba, ndi khansa zina

Zitsanzo:

• Etoposide
• Irinotecan (Camptosar)
• Chitanda (Hycamtin)

Chenjezo:

• Zina zimatha kupangitsa munthu kukhala ndi khansa yachiwiri, yotchedwa acute myeloid leukemia, mkati mwa zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu.

OLETSETSA MITOTIC

Ntchito pochiza:

• Myeloma
• Zizindikiro
• Leukemias
• Khansa ya m'mawere kapena yamapapo

Zitsanzo:

• Docetaxel (Taxotere)
• Mpweya (Halaven)
• Ixabepilone (Ixempra)
• Paclitaxel (Misonkho)
• Vinblastine

Chenjezo:

• Zowonjezera kuposa mitundu ina ya chemotherapy yovulaza mitsempha yopweteka.

Tsamba la American Cancer Society. Momwe mankhwala a chemotherapy amagwirira ntchito. www.cancer.org/treatment/treatments-and-side-effects/treatment-types/chemotherapy/how-chemotherapy-drugs-work.html. Idasinthidwa Novembala 22, 2019. Idapezeka pa Marichi 20, 2020.

[Adasankhidwa] Collins JM. Khansa pharmacology. Mu: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, olemba. Chipatala cha Abeloff's Oncology. Lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 25.

Tsamba la National Cancer Institute. Mndandanda wa A mpaka Z wa mankhwala a khansa. www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/drugs. Inapezeka pa Novembala 11, 2019.

• Khansa Chemotherapy