Matenda achikulire

Diso lamaso ndi mitambo yamaso a diso.

Maganizo a diso nthawi zambiri amakhala omveka. Imakhala ngati mandala pakamera, yowunikira kwambiri ikamadutsa kumbuyo kwa diso.

Mpaka munthu atakwanitsa zaka 45, mawonekedwe a mandala amatha kusintha. Izi zimathandizira kuti mandala azilingalira chinthu, kaya chili pafupi kapena kutali.

Munthu akamakalamba, mapuloteni mu mandala amayamba kuwonongeka. Zotsatira zake, mandala amakhala amitambo. Zomwe diso limawona zitha kuwoneka zosalongosoka. Vutoli limadziwika kuti ng'ala.

Zinthu zomwe zitha kufulumizitsa mapangidwe amaso ndi awa:

• Matenda a shuga
• Kutupa kwamaso
• Kuvulala kwa diso
• Mbiri ya banja yamaso
• Kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali ma corticosteroids (otengedwa pakamwa) kapena mankhwala ena
• Kutulutsa kwa radiation
• Kusuta
• Kuchita opaleshoni ya vuto lina la diso
• Kuwonetsedwa kwambiri ndi kuwala kwa ultraviolet (dzuwa)

Matendawa amayamba pang'onopang'ono komanso osapweteka. Maso m'diso lomwe lakhudzidwa amayamba kuchepa.

• Kutulutsa kofewa kwa mandala nthawi zambiri kumachitika pambuyo pa zaka 60. Koma sizingayambitse mavuto amaso.
• Pofika zaka 75, anthu ambiri amakhala ndi machiritso omwe amakhudza masomphenya awo.

Zovuta pakuwona zitha kuphatikiza:

• Kukhala tcheru ndi kunyezimira
• Kutali, kwaphompho, kwankhungu, kapena masomphenya owonera
• Kuvuta kuwona usiku kapena mdima
• Masomphenya awiri
• Kutayika kwamitundu
• Mavuto akuwona mawonekedwe motsutsana ndi maziko kapena kusiyana pakati pa mitundu yamitundu
• Kuwona ma halos mozungulira magetsi
• Kusintha kwakanthawi pamankhwala opangira magalasi amaso

Matenda obwera chifukwa cha khungu amayamba kuchepa, ngakhale masana. Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi ng'ala amasintha chimodzimodzi m'maso onse awiri, ngakhale diso limodzi limatha kukhala loyipa kuposa linzake. Nthawi zambiri pamangosintha masomphenya ochepa.

Amagwiritsa ntchito kuyeza kwamaso ndi kuyezetsa nyale pozindikira kuti ali ndi ng'ala. Mayesero ena safunika kwenikweni, kupatula kuti athetse zina zomwe zimayambitsa kusawona bwino.

Kwa cataract koyambirira, dokotala wamaso (ophthalmologist) akhoza kulimbikitsa izi:

• Sinthani mankhwala opangira magalasi
• Kuunikira bwino
• Magalasi okulitsa
• Magalasi a magalasi

Pamene masomphenya akuipiraipira, mungafunike kusintha zina ndi zina panyumba kuti mupewe kugwa kapena kuvulala.

Njira yokhayo yothandizira khungu ndi opaleshoni kuti achotse. Ngati ng'ala sikukulepheretsani kuti muwone, nthawi zambiri opaleshoni sikofunikira. Matenda opatsirana samapweteketsa diso, chifukwa chake mutha kuchitidwa opaleshoni pomwe inu ndi dokotala wanu wamaso mukuwona kuti ndikoyenera kwa inu. Kuchita opaleshoni nthawi zambiri kumalimbikitsidwa ngati simungathe kuchita zinthu zachilendo monga kuyendetsa galimoto, kuwerenga, kapena kuyang'ana pamakompyuta kapena makanema apa kanema, ngakhale ndi magalasi.

Anthu ena atha kukhala ndi mavuto ena amaso, monga matenda a shuga opatsirana, omwe sangachiritsidwe asanayambe kuchitidwa opareshoni yamaso.

Masomphenya sangasinthe mpaka 20/20 pambuyo pa opaleshoni ya cataract ngati matenda ena amaso, monga macular degeneration, alipo. Dokotala wamaso amatha kudziwa izi pasadakhale.

Kuzindikira koyambirira komanso chithandizo choyenera munthawi yake ndichofunikira popewa mavuto amawonedwe.

Ngakhale ndizosowa, matenda amaso omwe amapita patsogolo (otchedwa hypermature cataract) amatha kuyamba kulowa mbali zina za diso. Izi zitha kupangitsa mtundu wopweteka wa khungu ndi kutupa mkati mwa diso.

Itanani nthawi yoti mukakumane ndi akatswiri azosamalira maso anu ngati muli ndi:

• Kuchepetsa masomphenya a usiku
• Mavuto ndi kunyezimira
• Kutaya masomphenya

Njira yabwino kwambiri yodzitetezera imaphatikizapo kuwongolera matenda omwe amachulukitsa chiopsezo cha ng'ala. Kupewa kupezeka pazinthu zomwe zimalimbikitsa kupangika kwa ng'ala kungathandizenso. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mumasuta, ino ndiyo nthawi yoti musiye. Komanso, panja, valani magalasi oteteza maso anu ku cheza choipa cha UV.

Kuwonekera kwa mandala; Matenda okhudzana ndi ukalamba; Masomphenya kutayika - cataract

• Matendawa - zomwe mungafunse dokotala wanu

• Diso
• Kudula nyali
• Cataract - kutseka kwa diso
• Opaleshoni ya cataract - mndandanda

Tsamba la American Academy of Ophthalmology. Mitundu Yoyeserera Yoyeserera Cataract ndi Gawo Lapakati, Hoskins Center for Quality Eye Care. Cataract m'maso akulu PPP - 2016. www.aao.org/preferred-practice-pattern/cataract-in-adult-eye-ppp-2016. Idasinthidwa mu Okutobala 2016. Idapezeka pa Seputembara 4, 2019.

Tsamba la National Eye Institute. Zokhudza zakuthambo. www.nei.nih.gov/health/cataract/cataract_facts. Idasinthidwa mu Seputembara 2015. Idapezeka pa Seputembara 4, 2019.

Epidemiology ya Wevill M., pathophysiology, zoyambitsa, morphology, ndi zowoneka za cataract. Mu: Yanoff M, Duker JS, olemba. Ophthalmology. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 5.3.