Kusokonezeka kwa magazi

Matenda a magazi ndi gulu lazikhalidwe zomwe zimakhala ndi vuto lakutseka magazi magazi mthupi. Matendawa amatha kubweretsa magazi akuchuluka komanso atadutsa pambuyo povulala. Magazi amathanso kuyamba paokha.

Matenda apadera otuluka magazi ndi awa:

• Kupeza mapangidwe am'magazi
• Zobadwa zobadwa m'matumbo ntchito
• Kufalitsa kugunda kwamitsempha yamagazi (DIC)
• Kuperewera kwa Prothrombin
• Kusowa kwa Factor V
• Kusowa kwa Factor VII
• Kusowa kwa Factor X
• Kusowa kwa Factor XI (hemophilia C)
• Matenda a Glanzmann
• Matenda a m'magazi A
• Hemophilia B
• Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)
• Matenda a Von Willebrand (mitundu I, II, ndi III)

Kutseketsa magazi kwabwino kumakhudza zigawo zamagazi, zotchedwa ma platelet, komanso mapuloteni 20 am'magazi am'magazi. Izi zimadziwika ngati magazi oundana kapena coagulation. Zinthu izi zimagwirizana ndi mankhwala ena kuti apange chinthu chomwe chimasiya kutuluka magazi chotchedwa fibrin.

Mavuto amatha kuchitika ngati zinthu zina ndizochepa kapena zikusowa. Mavuto a magazi amatha kukhala ochepa mpaka ofooka.

Zovuta zina zamagazi zimakhalapo pobadwa ndipo zimafalikira kudzera m'mabanja (obadwa nawo). Zina zimachokera ku:

• Matenda, monga kuchepa kwa vitamini K kapena matenda owopsa a chiwindi
• Mankhwala, monga kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa kuundana kwamagazi (maanticoagulants) kapena kugwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki kwa nthawi yayitali

Matenda a magazi amathanso kubwera chifukwa cha vuto la kuchuluka kapena magwiridwe antchito am'magazi omwe amalimbikitsa magazi kuundana (ma platelet). Matendawa amathanso kubadwa nawo kapena kukula mtsogolo (kuwapeza). Zotsatira zoyipa zamankhwala ena nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa mafomu omwe apezeka.

Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikizira izi:

• Magazi m'magazi kapena minofu
• Kulalata mosavuta
• Kutaya magazi kwambiri
• Kutaya magazi kwambiri
• Kutulutsa magazi m'mphuno komwe sikumatha mosavuta
• Kutaya magazi kwambiri ndi njira zopangira opaleshoni
• Umbilical chingwe kutuluka magazi atabadwa

Mavuto omwe amapezeka amadalira matenda omwe amatuluka magazi, komanso momwe amawonekera.

Mayeso omwe angachitike ndi awa:

• Kuwerengera kwathunthu kwa magazi (CBC)
• Nthawi yapadera ya thromboplastin (PTT)
• Mayeso ophatikizira ma Platelet
• Nthawi ya Prothrombin (PT)
• Kusakaniza kuphunzira, kuyesa kwapadera kwa PTT kutsimikizira kusowa kwa chinthucho

Chithandizo chimadalira mtundu wamatenda. Zitha kuphatikizira:

• Chotseka m'malo mwake
• Kuikidwa magazi kwatsopano kozizira
• Kuikidwa magazi
• Mankhwala ena

Dziwani zambiri zamatenda akuchepetsa magazi kudzera m'magulu awa:

• National Hemophilia Foundation: Zofooka Zina Zowonjezera - www.hemophilia.org/Bleeding-Disorders/Types-of-Beeding-Disorders/Other-Factor-Deficiencies
• National Hemophilia Foundation: Kupambana kwa Akazi Omwe Ali Ndi Magazi - www.hemophilia.org/Community-Resource/Women-with-Bleeding-Disorders/Victory-for-Women-with-Blood-Disorders
• US department of Health and Human Services - www.womenshealth.gov/a-z-topics/bleeding-disorders

Zotsatira zimadaliranso matendawa. Matenda ambiri oyamba kutuluka magazi amatha kusamalidwa. Matendawa atayamba chifukwa cha matenda, monga DIC, zotsatira zake zimadalira momwe matendawa amathandizira.

Zovuta zingaphatikizepo:

• Kutuluka magazi muubongo
• Kutuluka magazi kwambiri (nthawi zambiri kuchokera m'mimba kapena kuvulala)

Zovuta zina zimatha kuchitika, kutengera matendawa.

Itanani foni yanu ngati muwona kutuluka mwachilendo kapena koopsa.

Kupewa kumatengera matendawa.

Coagulopathy

Gailani D, Wheeler AP, Neff AT. Zofooka zambiri zomwe zimachitika nthawi zambiri. Mu: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, olemba. Hematology: Mfundo Zoyambira ndi Zochita. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: mutu 137.

Hall JE. Hemostasis ndi magazi coagulation. Mu: Hall JE, mkonzi. Guyton ndi Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology. Wolemba 13. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 37.

Nichols WL. Matenda a Von Willebrand ndi zovuta zamagazi zamagazi ndi ntchito yamitsempha. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. Wolemba 25. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 173.

Ragni MV. Matenda a hemorrhagic: coagulation factor deficience. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. Wolemba 25. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 174.