Kubwereranso kwa malungo

Kubwereranso kwa malungo ndi matenda a bakiteriya omwe amafalitsidwa ndi nsabwe kapena nkhupakupa. Amadziwika ndi magawo angapo a malungo.

Kubwereranso kwa malungo ndimatenda omwe amayambitsidwa ndi mitundu ingapo yama bacteria m'mabanja a borrelia.

Pali mitundu iwiri yayikulu yamatenda obwereranso:

• Matenda obwereranso ndi nkhupakupa (TBRF) amapatsirana ndi nkhuku yotchedwa ornithodoros. Zimapezeka ku Africa, Spain, Saudi Arabia, Asia, ndi madera ena kumadzulo kwa United States ndi Canada. Mitundu ya bakiteriya yokhudzana ndi TBRF ndi Borrelia duttoni, Borrelia hermsii, ndi Borrelia parkerii.
• Matenda obwereranso ndi mbewa (LBRF) amafalikira ndi nsabwe za thupi. Ambiri amapezeka ku Asia, Africa, Central ndi South America. Mitundu ya mabakiteriya yogwirizana ndi LBRF ndi Kubwereza kwa Borrelia.

Kutentha kwadzidzidzi kumachitika pakatha milungu iwiri mutadwala.

• Mu TRBF, magawo angapo a malungo amapezeka, ndipo aliyense amatha masiku atatu. Anthu sangakhale ndi malungo kwa milungu iwiri, kenako amabwerera.
• Mu LBRF, malungo nthawi zambiri amakhala masiku 3 mpaka 6. Nthawi zambiri imatsatiridwa ndimakalungo amodzi, owopsa a malungo.

M'mitundu yonseyi, gawo la malungo limatha kutha "mavuto." Izi zimaphatikizapo kuzizira, kenako kutuluka thukuta, kutentha kwa thupi, ndi kutsika kwa magazi. Gawo ili likhoza kubweretsa imfa.

Ku United States, TBRF nthawi zambiri imapezeka kumadzulo kwa Mtsinje wa Mississippi, makamaka m'mapiri a Kumadzulo ndi madera okwera komanso zigwa zakumwera chakumadzulo. M'mapiri a California, Utah, Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, Oregon, ndi Washington, matenda amayamba chifukwa cha Borrelia hermsii ndipo nthawi zambiri amatengedwa m'zipinda zamatchire m'nkhalango. Vutoli litha kufikira kumwera chakum'mawa kwa United States.

LBRF makamaka ndimatenda akumayiko omwe akutukuka kumene. Ikuwonetsedwa pano ku Ethiopia ndi Sudan. Njala, nkhondo, komanso kuyenda kwa magulu othawa kwawo nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa miliri ya LBRF.

Zizindikiro za kubwerera m'thupi zimaphatikizapo:

• Magazi
• Coma
• Mutu
• Kupweteka kofanana, kupweteka kwa minofu
• Nseru ndi kusanza
• Kugwedeza mbali imodzi ya nkhope (nkhope droop)
• Khosi lolimba
• Kutentha kwakukulu mwadzidzidzi, kugwedeza kuzizira, kugwidwa
• Kusanza
• Kufooka, kusakhazikika poyenda

Malungo obwereranso ayenera kukayikiridwa ngati wina wochokera kudera loopsa amabwereranso ndi malungo. Izi zimachitika makamaka ngati malungo amatsatiridwa ndi "mavuto", komanso ngati munthuyo atha kukhala ndi nsabwe kapena nkhupakupa zofewa.

Mayeso omwe angachitike ndi awa:

• Kupaka magazi kuti mudziwe chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa
• Mayeso a antibody wamagazi (nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito, koma kufunikira kwawo kumakhala kochepa)

Maantibayotiki kuphatikiza penicillin ndi tetracycline amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthana ndi vutoli.

Anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli omwe adwala chikomokere, kutupa kwa mtima, mavuto a chiwindi, kapena chibayo amatha kufa. Ndi chithandizo choyambirira, kuchuluka kwaimfa kumachepa.

Zovuta izi zitha kuchitika:

• Kutsetsereka kwa nkhope
• Coma
• Mavuto a chiwindi
• Kutupa kwa mnofu wozungulira ubongo ndi msana
• Kutupa kwa minofu yamtima, komwe kumatha kubweretsa kugunda kwamtima kosazolowereka
• Chibayo
• Kugwidwa
• Wopusa
• Kusokonezeka komwe kumakhudzana ndi kumwa maantibayotiki (Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction, momwe kufa mwachangu kwa mabakiteriya ambiri a borrelia kumayambitsa mantha)
• Kufooka
• Kutuluka magazi ambiri

Lumikizanani ndi omwe amakuthandizani nthawi yomweyo ngati mukudwala malungo mutabwerera kuchokera kuulendo. Matenda omwe angakhalepo amafunika kufufuzidwa munthawi yake.

Kuvala zovala zomwe zimaphimba mikono ndi miyendo mukakhala panja kungathandize kupewa matenda a TBRF. Wothamangitsa tizilombo monga DEET pakhungu ndi zovala zimagwiranso ntchito. Nkhupakupa ndi kuwongolera nsabwe m'malo omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu ndi njira ina yofunikira yazaumoyo wa anthu.

Nkhuku zomwe zimayambanso kutentha thupi; Malungo obwereranso ndi mbewa

Horton JM. Kutentha komwe kumayambiranso chifukwa cha mitundu ya borrelia. Mu: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, olemba., Eds. Mandell, Douglas, ndi Mfundo za Bennett ndi Kuchita kwa Matenda Opatsirana, Kusinthidwa. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: chap 242.

Petri WA. Kubwereranso kwa malungo ndi matenda ena a borrelia. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. Wolemba 25. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 322.