Statins: Ntchito, Zotsatira zoyipa, ndi Zambiri

Zamkati

• Ndani angawatenge
• Momwe amagwirira ntchito
• Ubwino
• Mitundu yama statins
• Zowopsa zomwe zingachitike ndi zotsatirapo zake
• Kuwonongeka kwa minofu
• Kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi
• Kuchuluka kwa chiwopsezo cha matenda ashuga
• Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu
• Mafunso ndi mayankho
• Funso:
• Yankho:

Kodi ma statins ndi chiyani?

Statins ndi gulu la mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza cholesterol. Amagwira ntchito pochepetsa mafuta m'magazi anu, makamaka lipoprotein (LDL) kapena cholesterol "choyipa".

Anthu omwe ali ndi cholesterol yambiri ya LDL ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda amtima. Ndi vutoli, cholesterol imakula m'mitsempha yanu ndipo imatha kubweretsa angina, matenda amtima, kapena stroke. Chifukwa chake, ma statins amatha kukhala ofunikira pochepetsa izi.

Ndani angawatenge

American Heart Association imalimbikitsa ma statin kwa anthu ena. Inu ndi dokotala muyenera kuganizira ma statins kwa inu ngati:

• khalani ndi cholesterol ya LDL ya 190 mg / dL kapena kupitilira apo
• ali ndi matenda amtima
• ali ndi zaka 40-75 ndipo ali ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha matenda amtima m'zaka 10 zikubwerazi
• ali ndi matenda ashuga, ali ndi zaka 40-75, ndipo ali ndi mulingo wa LDL pakati pa 70 ndi 189 mg / dL

Momwe amagwirira ntchito

Thupi lanu limafunikira cholesterol kuti igwire bwino ntchito. Thupi lanu limapeza cholesterol pakudya zakudya zina ndikupanga m'chiwindi. Komabe, zoopsa zimabwera mafuta anu akachuluka kwambiri. Statins imagwira ntchito kuti ichepetse mafuta m'thupi lanu.

Statins zimachita izi poletsa kutulutsa kwa thupi lanu enzyme yotchedwa HMG-CoA reductase. Awa ndiye mavitamini omwe chiwindi chanu chimafuna kupanga cholesterol. Kuletsa enzyme imeneyi kumapangitsa kuti chiwindi chanu chichepetse cholesterol, chomwe chimatsitsa cholesterol yanu.

Statins imagwiranso ntchito popangitsa kuti thupi lanu likhale losavuta kuyamwa cholesterol yomwe yamangidwa kale m'mitsempha yanu.

Ubwino

Pali zabwino zingapo zakumwa ma statins, ndipo kwa anthu ambiri, maubwino awa amaposa chiwopsezo cha mankhwalawa.

Mayesero azachipatala akuwonetsa kuti ma statins amatha kutsitsa cholesterol cha LDL ndi 50%. Ma Statins amathanso kuchepetsa chiopsezo chanu chodwala matenda amtima komanso stroke. Kuphatikiza apo, 2010 ikuwonetsa kuti ma statins amatenga gawo lochepa pochepetsa milingo ya triglyceride ndikukweza cholesterol cha HDL (chabwino).

Ma Statins ali ndi zotsutsana ndi zotupa zomwe zimakhudza mitsempha ya magazi, mtima, ndi ubongo. Izi zimathandizanso kuchepetsa ngozi yamagazi, matenda amtima, ndi sitiroko.

Mankhwalawa atha kuthandizanso kuchepetsa mwayi wokanidwa pambuyo pakuika chiwalo, malinga ndi nkhani ya mu Journal of Experimental Medicine. Komabe, kufufuza kwina kuli kofunika m'dera lino.

Mitundu yama statins

Ma Statin amapezeka pamitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso mayina, kuphatikizapo:

• atorvastatin (Lipitor, Wowonjezera)
• fluvastatin (Lescol)
• lovastatin (Mevacor, Altocor, Altoprev)
• pitavastatin (Livalo, Pitava)
• pravastatin (Pravachol, Selektine)
• rosuvastatin (Crestor)
• simvastatin (Lipex, Zocor)

Mankhwala ena ophatikizana amakhalanso ndi ma statins. Zina mwa izo ndi izi:

• amlodipine / atorvastatin (Caduet)
• ezetimibe / simvastatin (Vytorin)

Zowopsa zomwe zingachitike ndi zotsatirapo zake

Anthu omwe amatenga ma statins ayenera kupewa zipatso. Zipatso zamphesa zimatha kulumikizana ndi ma statins ena ndikuwonjezera zovuta zina. Izi ndizowona makamaka ndi lovastatin ndi simvastatin. Onetsetsani kuti muwerenge machenjezo omwe amabwera ndi mankhwala anu. Ngati muli ndi mafunso, lankhulani ndi dokotala kapena wamankhwala. Muthanso kuwerenga zambiri za manyumwa ndi ma statins.

Anthu ambiri amatha kutenga ma statins popanda zovuta zambiri, koma zovuta zimatha kuchitika. Ndizovuta kunena ngati mtundu wina wa statin ungayambitse zovuta zina kuposa wina. Ngati muli ndi zovuta zina, dokotala wanu amatha kusintha mlingo wanu kapena kulangiza statin ina.

Zina mwa zovuta zoyipa kwambiri za ma statins ndi monga:

• kudzimbidwa
• kutsegula m'mimba
• nseru

Zotsatirazi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofatsa. Komabe, ma statins amathanso kuyambitsa zovuta zina zoyipa. Izi zikuphatikiza:

Kuwonongeka kwa minofu

Statins imatha kupweteketsa minofu, makamaka pamlingo waukulu. Nthawi zambiri, amatha kupangitsa kuti minofu yam'mimba igwe. Izi zikachitika, maselo anu amtundu amatulutsa puloteni yotchedwa myoglobin m'magazi anu. Matendawa amatchedwa rhabdomyolysis. Zitha kuwononga impso zanu. Kuopsa kwa vutoli kumakulanso ngati mutamwa mankhwala ena ndi ma statins, makamaka lovastatin kapena simvastatin. Mankhwala enawa ndi awa:

• antifungals ena monga itraconazole ndi ketoconazole
• cyclosporine (Restasis, Sandimmune)
• erythromycin (EES, Erythrocin Stearate, ndi ena)
• gemfibrozil (Lopid)
• nefazodone (Serzone)
• nyanja (Niacor, Niaspan)

Kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi

Kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi ndi njira ina yowopsa yamankhwala a statin. Chizindikiro cha kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi ndi kuwonjezeka kwa michere ya chiwindi. Musanayambe kutenga statin, dokotala wanu akhoza kuyesa mayeso a chiwindi kuti awone michere ya chiwindi. Amatha kubwereza mayesowo ngati muwonetsa zizindikiro za vuto la chiwindi mukamamwa mankhwalawa. Zizindikirozi zimatha kuphatikizaponso jaundice (khungu lanu loyera komanso oyera m'maso mwanu), mkodzo wakuda, ndi ululu kumtunda kwakumanja kwamimba yanu.

Kuchuluka kwa chiwopsezo cha matenda ashuga

Ma Statin amathanso kupangitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga (shuga) m'magazi anu kukwera. Izi zimayambitsa chiwopsezo chochepa cha matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2. Ngati mukuda nkhawa ndi izi, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu.

Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu

Kutenga statin mukamadya chakudya chopatsa thanzi komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse ndi njira yabwino kwa anthu ambiri kuti achepetse mafuta m'thupi. Ngati muli ndi cholesterol yambiri, funsani dokotala ngati statin ingakhale yabwino kwa inu. Mafunso omwe mungafunse dokotala ndi awa:

• Kodi ndikumwa mankhwala aliwonse omwe angagwirizane ndi statin?
• Ndi zinthu zina ziti zomwe mukuganiza kuti statin zitha kundipatsa?
• Kodi muli ndi malingaliro azakudya komanso zolimbitsa thupi zomwe zitha kundithandiza kutsitsa cholesterol yanga?

Mafunso ndi mayankho

Funso:

Kodi ndizotetezeka kugwiritsa ntchito ma statins ndi mowa limodzi?

Wosadziwika wodwala

Yankho:

Ngati mutenga statin, onetsetsani kuti mukukambirana ndi dokotala ngati zili zotheka kumwa mowa. Ngati mumamwa mowa wocheperako ndipo muli ndi chiwindi chathanzi, zingakhale zotheka kuti mugwiritse ntchito mowa komanso ma statins limodzi.

Chodetsa nkhaŵa chachikulu ndi kumwa mowa ndi statin chimabwera ngati mumamwa kawirikawiri kapena mumamwa kwambiri, kapena ngati muli ndi matenda a chiwindi. Zikatero, kuphatikiza kumwa mowa ndi ma statin kumatha kukhala koopsa ndipo kumawononga chiwindi. Ngati mumamwa kapena muli ndi matenda a chiwindi, onetsetsani kuti mwafunsa dokotala za chiopsezo chanu.

Gulu la Zachipatala la HealthlineMayankho akuimira malingaliro a akatswiri athu azachipatala. Zonse zomwe zili ndizachidziwikire ndipo siziyenera kuonedwa ngati upangiri wa zamankhwala.