Hantavirus

Hantavirus ndi matenda owopsa omwe amafalikira kwa anthu ndi makoswe.

Hantavirus imanyamulidwa ndi makoswe, makamaka mbewa za agwape. Tizilomboti timapezeka mumkodzo ndi ndowe zawo, koma sizimayambitsa matendawa.

Amakhulupirira kuti anthu amatha kudwala ndi kachilomboka ngati akapuma fumbi lodetsedwa kuchokera ku zisa za mbewa kapena zitosi. Mutha kukumana ndi fumbi lotere mukamatsuka nyumba, masheya, kapena malo ena otchingidwa omwe akhala opanda anthu kwanthawi yayitali.

Hantavirus sikuwoneka kuti ikufalikira kuchokera kwa munthu kupita kwa munthu.

Zizindikiro zoyambirira za matenda a hantavirus ndizofanana ndi chimfine ndipo zimaphatikizapo:

• Kuzizira
• Malungo
• Kupweteka kwa minofu

Anthu omwe ali ndi hantavirus atha kuyamba kumva bwino kwakanthawi kochepa. Koma pakadutsa masiku awiri kapena awiri, kumakhala kovuta kupuma. Matendawa amakula msanga. Zizindikiro zake ndi izi:

• Chifuwa chowuma
• Kumva kudwala (malaise)
• Mutu
• Nseru ndi kusanza
• Kupuma pang'ono

Wothandizira zaumoyo adzayesa. Izi zitha kuwulula:

• Mapapu osazolowereka amamveka chifukwa chotupa
• Impso kulephera
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi (hypotension)
• Magazi ochepa omwe amachititsa kuti khungu lisinthe mtundu wabuluu

Mayesero otsatirawa akhoza kuchitika:

• Kuyezetsa magazi kuti muwone ngati pali hantavirus (kupezeka kwa ma antibodies ku virus)
• Kuwerengera kwathunthu kwa magazi (CBC)
• Gulu lathunthu lamagetsi
• Ntchito ya impso ndi chiwindi
• X-ray ya chifuwa
• Kujambula kwa CT pachifuwa

Anthu omwe ali ndi hantavirus amalowetsedwa kuchipatala, nthawi zambiri kupita kuchipatala (ICU).

Mankhwalawa ndi awa:

• Mpweya
• Kupuma chubu kapena makina opumira pamavuto akulu
• Makina apadera owonjezera mpweya m'magazi
• Chithandizo china chothandizira kuchiza matenda

Hantavirus ndi matenda akulu omwe amafulumira kwambiri. Kulephera kwa mapapo kumatha kuchitika ndipo kumatha kubweretsa imfa. Ngakhale atachitiridwa nkhanza, anthu opitilira theka la omwe ali ndi matendawa m'mapapu awo amafa.

Zovuta za hantavirus zitha kuphatikizira izi:

• Impso kulephera
• Kulephera kwa mtima ndi mapapo

Zovuta izi zimatha kubweretsa imfa.

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati mukukula ngati chimfine mukakumana ndi ndowe za makoswe kapena mkodzo wa makoswe, kapena fumbi lomwe ladzala ndi zinthuzi.

Pewani kukhudzana ndi mkodzo ndi ndowe.

• Imwani madzi ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
• Mukamanga msasa, mugone pachikuto ndi pansi.
• Sungani nyumba yanu kukhala yoyera. Chotsani malo okhala ndi zisa ndikutsuka khitchini yanu.

Ngati mukuyenera kugwira ntchito komwe mungakumane ndi mkodzo kapena ndowe, tsatirani izi ku Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC):

• Mukatsegula kanyumba kosagwiritsidwa ntchito, kanyumba, kapena nyumba ina, tsegulani zitseko zonse ndi mawindo, tulukani mnyumbayo, ndipo lolani kuti malowo atuluke kwa mphindi 30.
• Bwererani mnyumbamo ndikupopera pamalo, kapeti, ndi madera ena ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Siyani nyumbayo kwa mphindi 30.
• Dutsani zisa za mbewa ndi ndowe ndi 10% yankho la chlorine bleach kapena mankhwala ophera tizilombo ofanana. Lolani kuti likhale kwa mphindi 30. Pogwiritsa ntchito magolovesi a mphira, ikani zinthuzo m'matumba apulasitiki. Sindikiza matumbawo ndikuwaponya mu zinyalala kapena chowotchera moto. Tayani magolovesi ndi zida zoyeretsera chimodzimodzi.
• Tsukani malo onse olimba omwe ali ndi kachilombo kapena mankhwala opha tizilombo. Pewani kutsuka mpaka malowo awonongedwe bwino. Kenako pukutani mpweya koyamba maulendo ochepa. Masks opangira opaleshoni amatha kupereka chitetezo.
• Ngati muli ndi makoswe olemera kwambiri, itanani kampani yoyang'anira tizilombo. Ali ndi zida ndi njira zapadera zoyeretsera.

Matenda a Hantavirus pulmonary; Kutentha kwa magazi ndi matenda a impso

• Hanta kachilombo
• Kuwunika mwachidule

Bente DA. California encephalitis, hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, ndi bunyavirus malungo a hemorrhagic. Mu: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, olemba., Eds. Mandell, Douglas, ndi Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Disease, Kusinthidwa Kosintha. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: chap 168.

Malo Othandizira Kuteteza ndi Kuteteza tsamba lawebusayiti. Hantavirus. www.cdc.gov/hantavirus/index.html. Idasinthidwa pa Januware 31, 2019. Idapezeka pa February 14, 2019.

Petersen LR, Ksiazek TG. Ma virus a Zoonotic. Mu: Cohen J, Powderly WG, Opal SM, olemba. Matenda Opatsirana. Wolemba 4. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: chap 175.