Kuzunza ana

Kuzunza ana ndi vuto lalikulu. Nazi zina:

• Ana ambiri amazunzidwa kunyumba kapena ndi munthu amene amamudziwa. Nthawi zambiri amakonda munthuyu, kapena amawopa, chifukwa chake samauza aliyense.
• Kuzunzidwa kwa ana kumatha kuchitika kwa mwana wa fuko lililonse, chipembedzo, kapena chuma.

Mitundu ina ya nkhanza za ana ndi iyi:

• Kunyalanyaza komanso nkhanza
• Kugwiriridwa
• Matenda a mwana wogwedezeka

KUGWIRITSA NTCHITO MWANA MNYAMATA

Kuzunza ana ndi pomwe munthu amapweteketsa mwana. Nkhanza sizichitika mwangozi. Nazi zitsanzo za nkhanza za ana:

• Kumenya ndi kumenya mwana
• Kumenya mwana ndi chinthu, monga lamba kapena ndodo
• Kukankha mwana
• Kuwotcha mwana ndi madzi otentha, ndudu, kapena chitsulo
• Kugwira mwana m'madzi
• Kumanga mwana
• Kugwedeza kwambiri mwana

Zizindikiro zakuzunza mwana ndi monga:

• Kusintha mwadzidzidzi pamakhalidwe kapena magwiridwe antchito pasukulu
• Tcheru, kuyang'anira choipa kuti chichitike
• Kuchita zikhalidwe
• Kuchoka panyumba molawirira, kubwerera kunyumba mochedwa, osafuna kubwerera kunyumba
• Mantha akafika akulu

Zizindikiro zina zimaphatikizapo kuvulala kosadziwika kapena kufotokozera kwachilendo za kuvulala, monga:

• Maso akuda
• Mafupa osweka omwe sangathe kufotokozedwa (mwachitsanzo, makanda omwe samayenda kapena kuyenda nthawi zambiri amakhala opanda mafupa)
• Zizindikiro zopunduka zooneka ngati manja, zala, kapena zinthu (monga lamba)
• Ziphuphu zomwe sizingafotokozedwe ndi zochitika za ana wamba
• Bulging fontanelle (malo ofewa) kapena suture olekanitsidwa mu chigaza cha khanda
• Kuwotcha, monga kuwotcha ndudu
• Zizindikiro zokukoka pakhosi
• Zozungulira mozungulira pamanja kapena akakolo chifukwa chopindika kapena kumangidwa
• Zilonda zamunthu
• Zolemba zaphokoso
• Kudziwa kosadziwika mumwana

Zizindikiro zochenjeza kuti wamkulu akhoza kuchitira mwana nkhanza:

• Sindingathe kufotokoza kapena kupereka malongosoledwe achilendo pazovulala za mwana
• Amalankhula za mwanayo m'njira yolakwika
• Amagwiritsa ntchito chilango chokhwima
• Ankazunzidwa ali mwana
• Mowa kapena mavuto osokoneza bongo
• Mavuto am'mutu kapena matenda amisala
• Kupsinjika kwakukulu
• Samasamalira ukhondo kapena chisamaliro cha mwanayo
• Zikuwoneka kuti sizimamukonda kapena kumuganizira mwanayo
  

THANDIZANI MWANA WOZUZITSIDWA

Dziwani zambiri pazizindikiro zakuzunzidwa kwa ana. Dziwani nthawi yomwe mwana akhoza kuchitiridwa nkhanza. Pezani thandizo msanga kwa ana omwe amazunzidwa.

Ngati mukuganiza kuti mwana akuzunzidwa, funsani othandizira zaumoyo, apolisi, kapena oteteza ana mumzinda wanu, m'boma lanu kapena m'boma lanu.

• Imbani 911 kapena nambala yadzidzidzi yakomweko kwa mwana aliyense yemwe ali pachiwopsezo chifukwa chozunzidwa kapena kunyalanyazidwa.
• Muthanso kuyimbira foni ya Childhelp National Child Abuse Hotline ku 1-800-4-A-CHILD (1-800-422-4453). Aphungu azovuta amapezeka maola 24 pa tsiku, masiku 7 pa sabata. Otanthauzira alipo kuti athandizidwe m'zinenero 170. Mlangizi pafoni angakuthandizeni kudziwa njira zomwe mungatsatire. Kuyimba konse sikudziwika ndipo ndichinsinsi.

KUTHANDIZA MWANA NDI BANJA

Mwanayo angafunikire chithandizo chamankhwala ndi uphungu. Ana ozunzidwa amatha kupwetekedwa kwambiri. Ana amathanso kukhala ndi mavuto am'maganizo.

Magulu othandizira ndi othandizira amapezeka kwa ana komanso kwa makolo omwe amachitira nkhanza omwe akufuna kupeza thandizo.

Pali madipatimenti aboma kapena mabungwe ena aboma omwe ali ndi udindo woteteza ana ochepera zaka 18. Mabungwe oteteza ana nthawi zambiri amasankha ngati mwanayo ayenera kupita kumalo olera kapena akhoza kubwerera kwawo. Mabungwe oteteza ana amayesetsa kuyanjanitsa mabanja ngati kuli kotheka. Njirayi imasiyanasiyana malinga ndi mayiko, koma nthawi zambiri imakhudza khothi labanja kapena khothi lomwe limayang'anira milandu yozunza ana.

Matenda a ana omenyedwa; Nkhanza - ana

Tsamba la American Academy of Pediatrics. Kuzunza ana ndi kunyalanyaza. www.healthychildren.org/English/safety-prevention/at-Home/Pages/What-to-Know-about-Child-Abuse.aspx. Idasinthidwa pa Epulo 13, 2018. Idapezeka pa February 3, 2021.

Dubowitz H, Lane WG. Ana ozunzidwa komanso osasamalidwa. Mu: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, olemba. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. Wolemba 21. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 16.

Raimer SS, Raimer-Goodman L, Raimer BG. Zizindikiro pakhungu lakuzunza. Mu: Bolognia JL, Schaffer JV, Cerroni L, olemba. Matenda Opatsirana. Wolemba 4. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: mutu 90.

US department of Health and Human Services, tsamba la Children's Bureau. Kuzunza ana ndi kunyalanyaza. www.acf.hhs.gov/cb/focus-areas/child-abuse-neglect. Idasinthidwa pa Disembala 24, 2018. Idapezeka pa February 3, 2021.